Ko ha Toʻoa ʻi he Fana ʻOné

PE KO HA fakaava ʻo ha fakaʻaliʻali ngoue pe ko e Sipoti ʻOlimipikí, kuo hoko ʻa e fana ʻoné ko ha meʻa ke ō fakataha maʻu pē mo e kātoanga ʻoku faí. Ko e fana ʻone fakalanulanú ʻoku ngāueʻaki ia ʻi he fakamanatu ʻo e ʻAho Tauʻatāina ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté, kātoanga ʻa e ʻAho Pasitile ʻi Falaniseé peá ne fakamaama ʻa e ʻataá ʻi he meimei kolo lalahi kotoa pē ʻi he māmaní ʻi he Efiafi ki muʻa ʻi he Taʻu Foʻou taki taha.

Ko ia ai, ko fē ʻa e taimi naʻe kamata ai ʻa e toʻoa ʻa e tangatá ʻi he fana ʻoné? Pea ko e hā ʻa e foʻi fakakaukau poto ʻoku kaunga ki hono fakatupu ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali fetapaki ko ení?

Ko ha Tōʻonga ʻi he Hahaké

ʻOku loto-tatau ʻa e tokolahi taha ʻo e kau faihisitōliá ko e kau Siainá naʻa nau fuofua ʻiloʻi ʻa e ʻoné ʻi he senituli nai hono hongofulu ʻo Hotau Kuongá, ʻi he taimi naʻe ʻiloʻi ai ʻe he kau kēmisi he Hahaké ko hono fakatahaʻi ʻa e solopita (potēsiume naituleiti) mo e sūlifá pea mo e malalá ʻoku faʻu ai ha komipauni ʻoku lava ke pā. Ko e kau fakatotolo fonua ʻo e hihifó, hangē ko Mako Polo, pe ko e kau fefakatauʻaki ʻAlepeá nai naʻe tupu mei ai hono ʻomai ʻa e meʻa pā ngofua ko ení ki ʻIulopé, pea ʻi he senituli hono 14, naʻe fakaʻofoʻofaʻia lahi ai ʻa e kau mamata ʻi ʻIulopé ʻi he ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali fakaholomamata ʻo e fana ʻoné.

Ka ko e efuefu ko ia naʻá ne ʻomai ha fakafiefia fakaʻofoʻofa peheé naʻá ne toe liliu ʻa e ʻalunga ʻo e hisitōlia ʻo ʻIulopé. Naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻe he kau tangata taú ʻa e meʻa ko iá ʻa ia naʻe hoko ki mui ʻo ʻiloa ko e efuefuʻi ʻoné ke ne puhiʻi ʻa e ngaahi foʻi mahafu pulú, fakapaaki ʻa e ngaahi ʻā kāsoló pea fakaʻauha ʻa e ngaahi mafai fakapolitikalé. “Lolotonga ʻa e Kuonga Lotoloto ʻi ʻIulopé,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻa e Encyclopædia Britannica, “naʻe ō fakataha pē ʻa e fana ʻoné mo e mafola fakahihifo ʻa e ngaahi ʻone fakakautaú, pea ʻi ʻIulope ko e kau mataotao ʻi he fana ʻone fakakautaú naʻe fakakounaʻi ke nau tataki ʻa e ngaahi kātoanga fakaʻaliʻali fana ʻone ʻi he ikuná pea mo e melinó.”

Lolotonga iá, ko e kau Siainá naʻe hā ngali naʻa nau tukunoaʻi lahi ʻa e malava fakaefakaʻauha ʻa e efuefu ʻoné. ʻI he senituli hono 16, ko Mateo Lisi, ko ha misinale Sēsuti ʻĪtali ʻi Siaina, naʻá ne tohi: “Ko e kau Siainá ʻoku ʻikai te nau mataotao ʻi hono ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻafaná mo e meʻafana fonuá pea ʻoku nau ngāueʻaki siʻisiʻi pē ʻa e ngaahi meʻá ni ʻi he taú. Kae kehe, ko e solopitá, ʻoku ngāueʻaki ia ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga lahi ʻi hono ʻai ʻa e fana ʻoné ke fakaʻaliʻali ʻi he ngaahi sipoti fakapuleʻangá pea ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kātoangá. ʻOku fiefia lahi ʻa e kau Siainá ʻi he ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali peheé . . . Ko ʻenau pōtoʻi ʻi hono ngaohi ʻa e ʻoné ʻoku anga-kehe moʻoni.”

Ngaahi Fakapulipuli ʻo e Fakaʻaliʻalí

Ko e muʻaki kau ngaohi ʻoné ʻoku ʻikai ha veiveiua naʻa nau fiemaʻu fakatouʻosi ʻa e pōtoʻi mo e loto-toʻa ʻi heʻenau fakatupulekina ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali kehekehe. Naʻa nau ʻiloʻi ko e ngaahi foʻi efuefuʻi ʻone lalahí ʻoku vela mātuʻaki māmālie ia, lolotonga ia ko e fanga kiʻi efuefu momo īkí ʻoku vela pahupahū ia. Naʻe faʻu ʻa e ngaahi lōketi ʻaki hono tāpuni ʻa e muiʻi pitu ʻe taha pe tiupi pepa pea faʻoaki ʻa e konga ki laló ʻaki ʻa e efuefuʻi ʻone lalahí. ʻI he taimi naʻe tutuʻi ai ʻa e efuefuʻi ʻoné, ko e kasa ko ia naʻe fakautuutu ʻene lahí naʻe puhiʻi hifo ia mei he muiʻi tiupi naʻe avá, ʻo ne fakapuna ʻa e tiupí ki he ʻataá. (Ko e tefitoʻi moʻoni tefito ko ení ʻoku ngāueʻaki ia he ʻahó ni ke ʻave ʻaki ʻa e kau ʻalu vavaá ki he ʻataá.) Ko e tafaʻaki ki ʻolunga ʻo e lōketí naʻe faʻoaki ai ʻa e efuefuʻi ʻone momo īkí koeʻuhi ke pā ʻa e lōketí, kapau ʻe lele lelei ʻa e meʻa kotoa, ʻi heʻene ofi ki he tuʻunga māʻolunga taha ʻo hono halangá.

Kuo ʻikai ke liliu lahi fakatekinikale ʻa e fana ʻoné ʻi he faai mai ʻa e ngaahi senitulí. Kae kehe, kuo ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka. Ko e kau Hahaké naʻa nau ʻiloʻi ʻi he kamatá ʻa e founga pē ke faʻu ai ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali hinehina pe lanu koulá. Naʻe tānaki atu ki ai ʻe he kau ʻĪtalí ʻa e ngaahi lanú. ʻI he kamataʻanga ʻo e senituli hono 19, naʻe ʻiloʻi ai ʻe he kau ʻĪtalí ko e taimi ʻoku nau tānaki ai ʻa e potēsiume kololeití ki he efuefuʻi ʻoné, ʻoku vela ai ʻa e fio ko iá fakataha mo e mafana feʻunga ke ne liliu ʻa e ngaahi mētalé ki he kasá, ʻo ne fakalanuʻi ai ʻa e ulo ʻoku tupu mei aí. ʻI he ʻahó ni, ko e sitolonitiume kāponeití ʻoku tānaki ia ki ai ke ne fakatupu ha ulo kulokula. Ko e ulo hinehina ngingilá ʻoku fakatupu ia ʻe he taiteniumé, ʻalaminiumé mo e makinesiumé; lanu pulū mei he ngaahi komipauni kopá; lanu mata mei he peliume naituleití; pea engeenga ʻi ha fio ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e sōtiume ʻosaleití.

Kuo tānaki atu ʻe he ngaahi komipiutá ha toe tafaʻaki ʻe taha ki he ngaahi tuʻunga fakaholomamata ʻo e fana ʻoné. ʻI he ʻikai ke tutu nimaʻi ʻa e ʻoné, ko e kau tekinikalé ʻoku lava ke nau taimiʻi totonu ʻenau ngaahi fakaʻaliʻalí ʻaki hono fakapolokalamaʻi ʻa e ngaahi komipiutá ke nau tutuʻi fakaʻuhila ʻa e ʻoné koeʻuhi ke nau pā ʻo fakatonu ki he taimi ʻo ha fakaʻaliʻali fakamūsika.

Ko ha Fekauʻaki Fakalotu

Hangē ko ia naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he misinale Sēsuti ko Lisí, ko e fana ʻoné ko ha konga tefito ia ʻo e ngaahi kātoanga fakalotu ʻa Siainá. Ko e makasini Popular Mechanics ʻoku fakamatala ai ko e ʻoné naʻe “fuofua faʻu ia ʻe he kau Siainá ke ne tuli ʻa e kau tēmenioó mei he Taʻu Foʻoú pea mo e ngaahi taimi kātoanga kehé.” ʻI heʻene tohi ko e Days and Customs of All Faiths, ʻoku fakamatala ai ʻa Howard V. Harper: “Mei he muʻaki ngaahi taimi fakapanganí naʻe toʻo tūhulu ai ʻa e kakaí pea tafu ha ngaahi fuʻu afi ʻi heʻenau ngaahi kātoanga fakalotu lalahí. Naʻe ʻikai ko ha meʻa fakaʻohovale ʻa hono tānaki atu ki he ngaahi kātoanga ko ení ʻa e fana ʻone lanu fakaholomamatá mo hangē ʻoku nau ngaʻunu pē ʻia kinautolú.”

Hili pē hono ohi mai ʻa e fana ʻoné ʻe he kau Kalisitiane lau peé, naʻe fakanofo ai ʻa e kau ngaohi ʻoné ko e kau sangato pataloni. ʻOku pehē ʻe he Columbia Encyclopedia: “ʻOku pehē tokua ko e tamai ʻa [Sā. Barbara] naʻá ne lokaʻi ia ʻi ha taua pea toki tāmateʻi ia ko ʻene hoko ko ha Kalisitiané. Naʻe taaʻi ia ʻe ha ʻuhila, pea koeʻuhi ko e founga fakaeafi naʻe mate ai ʻa ʻene tamaí, naʻe hoko ai ʻa Sā. Barbara ko e pataloni ia ʻo e faʻahinga ʻoku nau ngaohi mo ngāueʻaki ʻa e meʻafaná mo e ʻoné.”

ʻIkai Fakahaofi ha Fakamole

Pe ki ha ngaahi kātoanga fakalotu pe fakamāmani, ʻoku hā ngali maʻu ʻe he kakaí ha holi taʻetopono ki ha ngaahi fakaʻaliʻali fana ʻone lalahi ange mo lelei ange. ʻI hono fakamatalaʻi ha fakaʻaliʻali fana ʻone ʻe taha ʻi Siaina ʻi he senituli hono 16, naʻe tohi ʻe Lisi: “ʻI he taimi naʻá ku ʻi Nankin aí naʻá ku siotonu ai ʻi ha fakaʻaliʻali fana ʻone ʻo e kātoanga ʻo e ʻuluaki māhina ʻo e taʻú, ʻa ia ko ʻenau kātoanga lahí ia, pea ʻi he taimi ko ení naʻá ku fikaʻi ai naʻa nau ngāueʻaki ʻa e efuefu feʻunga ke ne fakahoko ha tau lahi ʻi ha ngaahi taʻu lahi.” Neongo ʻa e fakamole ki he fakaʻaliʻali ko ení, naʻá ne pehē: “ʻOku hā ʻoku ʻikai haʻanau tokanga ʻe taha ki he fakamolé ʻi he taimi ʻoku fekauʻaki ai mo e fana ʻoné.”

Kuo ʻikai ha loko liliu ʻi he ngaahi senituli hoko maí. ʻI he taʻu 2000, ʻi ha kātoanga pē ʻe taha naʻe fai ʻi he Halafakakavakava Taulanga Seneé, naʻe fakapaaki ai ha ʻone toni ʻe 20 ke fakafiefiaʻi ʻaki ha kau mamata ʻe miliona pe tokolahi ange ai naʻa nau fakatahataha ʻi he ngaahi matātahi ʻo e taulangá. Lolotonga ʻa e taʻu tatau, ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté, naʻe fakamoleki ai ʻa e $625 miliona ʻi he ʻone naʻe meimei kilokalami ʻe 70 miliona. Ko e moʻoni, ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻa e toʻoa ʻa e ngaahi faʻahinga kakai kehekehe ʻi he fana ʻoné, pea ʻoku lava ke kei pehē: “ʻOku hā ʻoku ʻikai haʻanau tokanga ʻe taha ki he fakamolé ʻi he taimi ʻoku fekauʻaki ai mo e fana ʻoné.”