Vahe 17

ʻOku Totonu Ke U Nofo mei he Akó?

KO Jack kuó ne hoko ko ha ʻōfisa tokangaʻi maʻu ako ʻo laka hake ʻi he taʻu ʻe 25. ʻOku faingataʻa leva ki ha talavou liʻaki ako ke ne ʻalu atu mo ha kalofanga ʻoku teʻeki ke fanongo ai ʻa Jack. “Kuo tala mai ʻe he fānaú kiate au ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē,” ko ʻene laú ia, “hangē ko ení, ‘Naʻá ku fakakaukau te u puke he ʻahó ni’ . . . ‘Naʻe mate ʻa ʻeku kui tangata ʻi ʻAlasikaá.’” Ko e hā ʻa e kalofanga naʻe “saiʻia taha” ai ʻa Jack? Naʻe haʻu ia mei he tamaiki tangata ʻe toko tolu ʻa ia naʻa nau pehē “naʻe ʻikai te nau ʻilo ʻa e ʻapiakó he naʻe fuʻu kakapu.”

Ko e ngaahi kalofanga vaivai fakamā ko ení ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e fehiʻa ʻoku maʻu ʻe he kau talavou tokolahi ki he akó, ʻo faʻa ʻalu mei he fakataʻetaʻetokangá (“ʻOku sai pē, mahalo”) ki he fehiʻa fakaʻaufuli (“ʻOku kovi ʻaupito ʻa e akó! ʻOku ou fehiʻa ai”). Ko e fakatātaá, ʻe mālanga hake ʻa Gary ke ʻalu ki he akó pea ʻokú ne ongoʻi leva ʻoku tokotokakovi. Naʻá ne pehē, “Naʻá ku fakaofiofi atu ki he ʻapiakó, pea naʻá ku tautaʻa ʻaupito mo tailiili . . . Naʻe pau pē ke u foki ki homau ʻapí.” ʻOku maʻu ʻe he kau talavou tokolahi ha manavahē fakavalevale pehē ki he akó—ko e meʻa ʻoku ui ʻe he kau toketaá ko e mahaki ilifia he akó (school phobia). ʻOku faʻa fakatupunga ia ʻe he fakamālohi ʻi he ʻapiakó, fakamamahi ʻa e toʻumeʻá pea mo e tenge ke maʻu ha ngaahi kuleiti leleí. Ko e kau talavou ko iá te nau ʻalu nai (ʻi hano kiʻi fakalotoʻi ʻe he mātuʻá) ki he akó, ka ʻoku nau ongoʻi hohaʻatuʻu maʻu pē pea naʻa mo e faingataʻaʻia fakasino.

ʻOku ʻikai ha ofo ʻi he fili ha fuʻu tokolahi fakamanavahē ʻo e kau talavoú ke ʻoua naʻa nau teitei ako kinautolu ia! ʻI he ʻIunaite Seteté ʻataʻatā pē, ko e toko ua mo e konga miliona nai ʻo e fānau ako ʻo e ngaahi ako siʻí mo e kolisí ʻoku nau liʻaki ʻi he ʻaho kotoa pē! Naʻe tānaki mai ʻe ha kupu ʻi he New York Times ʻoku “mahakiʻaki ʻa e liʻakí” ʻe ha fuʻu tokolahi (vahe tolu nai ʻe taha) ʻi he ngaahi akoʻanga māʻolunga ʻo e Kolo Niu ʻIoké “ʻo meimei taʻemalava ai ke akoʻi kinautolu.”

ʻOku fou ʻa e kau talavou ʻe niʻihi ʻi ha ngaahi sitepu ʻoku toe fuʻu mālohi ange. “Ko e akó naʻe fakapipiko, fuʻu fefeka,” ko e lau ia ʻa e talavou ko Walter. Naʻá ne nofo ai mei he ako māʻolungá (kolisí). Naʻe hoko ʻa e meʻa tatau ki he taʻahine ko Antonia. Naʻá ne faingataʻaʻia ʻi heʻene ngaahi ngāue fakaakó. “ʻE anga-fēfē ke u fai ʻa e ngāué kapau naʻe ʻikai te u mahinoʻi ʻa e meʻa naʻá ku laú?” ko ʻene fehuʻí ia. “Naʻá ku tangutu pē ai ʻo fakautuutu ange ai pē ʻeku valé, ko ia naʻá ku mavahe.”

Ko e moʻoni, ʻoku hanga ʻe he ngaahi palopalema mafatukitukí ʻo fakameleʻi ʻa e ngaahi faʻunga fakaakó ʻi he māmaní takatakai. Ka ko ha ʻuhinga eni ke mole kotoa ai ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia ʻi he akó pea nofo? Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi ola ʻe hoko nai ki hoʻo moʻuí ʻamui ʻi hoʻo nofó? ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi ʻuhinga lelei ke hokohoko atu ai hoʻo akó kae ʻoua ke ke ʻosi mei ai?

Ko e Mahuʻinga ʻo ha Ako

Naʻe foki ʻa Michael ki he akó ke maʻu haʻane tipiloma ʻoku tatau mo ia ʻo e ako māʻolungá. ʻI hono ʻeke ange ʻa e ʻuhingá, naʻá ne pehē, “Naʻá ku ʻiloʻi naʻe fiemaʻu kiate au ha ako.” Ka ko e hā koā ʻa e “ako”? Ko e malava ke fakalau ha ngaahi ʻotu moʻoni fakaueʻiloto? ʻOku ʻikai ko ha ako ia ʻo tatau mo e ʻikai ha fale ʻi hono maʻu ha fokotuʻunga piliki.

Ko e akó ʻoku totonu ke ne teuteuʻi koe ki ha moʻui ko ha tokotaha lahi lavameʻa. Ko Allen Austill, ko e pule ʻi ha ʻapiako ʻo feʻunga mo e taʻu ʻe 18, naʻá ne lea ʻo fekauʻaki mo e “ako ʻokú ne akoʻi koe ki he fakakaukaú, ki he veteki ʻo e ngaahi palopalemá, ki he meʻa ʻoku ʻuhinga mo taʻeʻuhingá, ko e malava tefito ke fakakaukau leleí, ke ʻiloʻi ko e hā ʻa e moʻoni pea ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e anga ʻo e fekauʻaki ʻo e ngaahi kongá mo e meʻa kakató. Ke fai ʻa e ngaahi fakafuofua mo e ngaahi fakafaikehekehe ko iá, ke ako ki he founga ʻo e akó.”

Pea ʻoku anga-fēfē ʻa e kaunga ki ai ʻa e akó? ʻI he laui senituli kuo maliu atú naʻe tohi ai ʻe Tuʻi Solomone ha ngaahi palōveepi “ke ʻatu fakapotopoto kiate kinautolu ʻoku hehemangofua [pe taʻetaukeí], ʻa e ʻiloʻilo mo e fakakaukau ki he talavou.” (Palovepi 1:​1-4) ʻIo, ko e taʻetaukeí ʻoku ʻalu fakataha ia mo e tuʻunga talavoú. Kae kehe, ʻe lava ʻe he akó ke ne tokoniʻi koe ke ke akoʻi mo fakatupulekina ʻa e malava fakaefakakaukaú. ʻOku ʻikai ko e malava eni ke fakalau pē ʻa e ngaahi moʻoní kae pehē foki ke ʻanalaiso ia mo fakatupu mei ai ha ngaahi fakakaukau ʻoku ola lelei. Neongo kuo fakaangaʻi ʻe he tokolahi ʻa e founga faiako ʻa e ngaahi ʻapiako ʻe niʻihi, ʻoku fakamālohiʻi koe ʻe he akó ke ke ngāueʻaki ho ʻatamaí. ʻOku moʻoni ko hono veteki ʻo e ngaahi palopalema fakasiomitá pe ako maʻuloto ha lisi ʻo e ngaahi ʻaho fakahisitōliá ʻe ʻikai nai ngali ʻi ai haʻane felāveʻi mo hoʻo moʻuí he taimí ni. Kae hangē ko e hiki ʻe Barbara Mayer ʻi he High School Survival Guide: “ʻE ʻikai ke manatuʻi ʻe he tokotaha kotoa pē ʻa e ngaahi foʻi moʻoni kotoa mo e fanga kiʻi ʻilo ʻoku loto ʻa e kau faiakó ke ʻai ʻi he ngaahi siví, ka ko e faʻahinga taukei hangē ko e ako ki he founga ke ako aí, pea mo e founga ke palani aí ʻe ʻikai ʻaupito ke ngalo ia.”

Naʻe fakaʻosiʻaki ʻa e meʻa meimei tatau ʻe he kau palōfesa ʻe toko tolu ʻi he ʻunivēsití ʻa ia naʻa nau ako ki he ngaahi ola lōloa ʻo e akó, “ko e kau ako lelei angé ʻoku nau maʻu ha ʻilo ʻoku fālahi mo loloto ange ʻo ʻikai ʻo e ngaahi moʻoni fakaetohí pē kae pehē foki ki he māmani lolotongá, pea ʻoku ngalingali te nau fekumi ki he ʻiló pea hoko ʻo alāanga mo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá. . . . Ko e ngaahi faikehekehe ko ení ʻoku tolonga ia neongo ʻa e hoholo ke motuʻá mo e ngaahi taʻu lahi ʻo e mavahe mei he akó.”—The Enduring Effects of Education.

Ko e meʻa mahuʻinga tahá, ʻoku malava ke teuʻi koe ʻe ha ako ke ke fakahoko ho ngaahi fatongia faka-Kalisitiané. Kapau kuó ke maʻu ha ngaahi tōʻonga ako lelei peá ke pōtoʻi ʻi he lautohí, ʻe malava ke faingofua ange ai hoʻo ako ʻa e Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá. (Sāme 1:2) ʻI hoʻo ako ʻi he ʻapiakó ke fakamatalaʻi hoʻo fakakaukaú, ʻe malava ngofua ange ai ke ke akoʻi ʻa e ngaahi moʻoni Fakatohitapú ki he niʻihi kehé. Ko ha ʻilo ki he hisitōliá, saienisí, siokālafí mo e fiká ʻoku toe ʻaonga foki ia pea te ne tokoniʻi ai koe ke ke mahinoʻi ʻa e kakai ʻo e ngaahi ʻātakai, mahuʻingaʻia mo e ngaahi tui kehekehe.

Ako mo e Ngāue

Ko e akó ʻoku toe ʻi ai ʻene kaunga lahi ki hoʻo ngaahi taumuʻa ngāue ʻi he kahaʻú. Anga-fēfē?

Naʻe pehē ʻe he tuʻi poto ko Solomoné ʻo fekauʻaki mo e tokotaha ngāue taukeí: “Te ne taka he ʻao ʻo e ngaahi tuʻi; ʻe ʻikai te ne taka he ʻao ʻo e kakai taeʻiloa.” (Palovepi 22:29) ʻOku kei moʻoni pē eni ʻi he ʻahó ni. “ʻI he ʻikai ha ngaahi taukeí, ʻoku lahi ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻi he moʻuí ʻe malava ke ke tō mei ai,” ko e lau ia ʻa Ernest Green ʻo e Potungāue Ngāue U.S.

ʻOku mahino leva ai, ʻoku kovi ʻa e taumuʻa ngāue ʻa e faʻahinga ʻoku nau liʻaki ʻa e akó. Ko Walter (naʻe lave ki ai ʻanenaí) naʻá ne ako ʻa e meʻá ni ʻi he founga faingataʻa. “Naʻá ku fai ha ngaahi tala ngāue ʻi he taimi lahi pea naʻe ʻikai lava ke u maʻu ia koeʻuhi ko e ʻikai ʻi ai haʻaku tipilomá.” Naʻá ne toe fakahā foki: “ʻI he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe he kakaí ʻa e ngaahi foʻi lea ʻoku ʻikai te u mahinoʻi, pea ʻoku ou ongoʻi ngali vale.”

Ko e taʻemaʻungāue ʻi he kau taʻu 16 ki he 24 ʻa ia ko e kau nofo mei he ako māʻolungá “ʻoku meimei liunga ua ia ʻi honau toʻumeʻa naʻe ʻosi ʻenau akó pea meimei liunga tolu ʻi he tuʻunga fakalūkufua ʻo e taʻemaʻungāué.” (The New York Times) “Ko e faʻahinga ʻoku ʻikai hoko atu ʻenau akó ʻoku nau tāpuni ʻa e ngaahi matapā ki he faingamālié,” ko e tānaki mai ia ʻa e faʻu-tohi ko F. Philip Rice ʻi heʻene tohi ko e Adolescent. Ko ha tokotaha kuo nofo ʻoku ngalingali ʻoku ʻikai te ne taukei ʻi he ngaahi pōtoʻi tefito ʻoku fiemaʻu ke fakahokoʻaki ʻa e ngaahi ngāue faingofua tahá.

ʻOku tohi ʻe Paul Copperman ʻi heʻene tohi ko e Literacy Hoax: “ʻOku hā mei ha ako ki muí ni ʻoku fakafuofua ki he tuʻunga fakaelautohi ʻa e kalasi fitú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha tokotaha ngaohi kai, ko e kalasi valú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha makēnika, pea ko e kalasi hivá pe hongofulú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha kalake tauhi lēkooti.” ʻOkú ne hoko atu: “ʻOku ou tui ko ha fakahuʻunga feʻungamālie leva ʻa e fiemaʻu ʻi ha ngāue ko ha faiako, neesi, ʻakauniteni, pe ʻenisinia ha tuʻunga māʻolunga ange ʻo e malava fakaelautohí.”

ʻOku hā mahino heni ko e fānau ako ko ia ʻoku nau feinga mālohi ke ako ʻa e ngaahi pōtoʻi tefito, hangē ko e lautohí, ʻe lelei lahi ange honau ngaahi faingamālie ngāué. Ka ko e hā mo ha toe ʻaonga lōloa ʻe lava ke maʻu mei he ʻalu ki he akó?

Ko ha Tokotaha Lelei Ange

Ko e ʻaonga lōloa ko iá ko hoʻo ʻiloʻi ʻa ho ngaahi mālohingá mo e vaivaiʻangá. Naʻe pehē ʻe Michelle, ʻa ia naʻe ngāue ki muí ni ʻi he malaʻe ʻo e komipiutá: “ʻI he ʻapiakó, naʻá ku ako ai ʻa e anga ʻo e ngāue ʻi he taimi naʻe lahi ai ʻa e ngāué, founga ʻo e fai ha sivi pea mo hono fakamatalaʻi ʻeku fakakaukaú.”

‘Naʻe akoʻi au ʻi he ʻapiakó ki he anga ʻo e vakai ki he taʻelavameʻá,’ ko e lau ia ʻa ha finemui ʻe taha. Naʻá ne hehema ke sio ki he niʻihi kehé, kae ʻikai kiate ia, ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo ʻene fakaholomuí. Kuo maʻu ʻaonga ʻa e niʻihi mei he founga akonekina ʻa e ʻapiakó. ʻOku fakaangaʻi ʻe he tokolahi ʻa e ngaahi ʻapiakó koeʻuhi ko e meʻá ni, ʻo taukaveʻi ʻoku fakafaingataʻaʻiaʻi ʻe he meʻá ni ʻa e ʻatamai ʻo e fānaú. Kae kehe, naʻe fakalotolahiʻi ʻe Solomone ʻa e kau talavoú ke nau ‘ʻilo ʻa e potó mo e akonakí.’ (Palovepi 1:2) Ko e ngaahi ʻapiako ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e akonekiná kuo nau fakatupu moʻoni mai ʻa e ngaahi ʻatamai akonekina lahi kae fakatupu fakakaukau foʻou.

Ko ia, ʻoku ʻuhinga lelei leva ai ke ke ngāueleleiʻaki ho ngaahi taʻu akó. ʻE lava fēfē ke ke fai ia? Tau kamata ʻaki hoʻo ngaahi ngāue fakaakó.

Ngaahi Fehuʻi ki he Fetalanoaʻaki

◻ Ko e hā ʻoku maʻu ai ʻe he kau talavou tokolahi ha fakakaukau tamaki ʻo fekauʻaki mo e akó? ʻOku anga-fēfē hoʻo ongoʻi ʻo fekauʻaki mo e meʻá ni?

◻ ʻOku anga-fēfē ʻa e tokoni ʻa e akó ki ha taha ke ne fakatupu ʻa e malava fakaefakakaukaú?

◻ ʻE anga-fēfē hono uesia ʻe he nofo mei he akó ʻa hoʻo malava ʻi he kahaʻú ke maʻu ha ngāue pea ko e hā hono ʻuhingá?

◻ Ko e hā mo ha toe ngaahi ʻaonga fakafoʻituitui kehe ko e ola nai ia ʻo e hoko atu ʻa e akó?

[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 135]

“Naʻá ku tangutu pē ai ʻo fakautuutu ange ai pē ʻeku valé, ko ia naʻá ku mavahe”

[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 138]

“ʻOku hā mei ha ako ki muí ni ʻoku fakafuofua ki he tuʻunga fakaelautohi ʻa e kalasi fitú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha tokotaha ngaohi kai, ko e kalasi valú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha makēnika, pea ko e kalasi hivá pe hongofulú ke maʻu ai ha ngāue ko ha kalake tauhi lēkooti”

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 136]

Ko e akonekina ʻokú ke ako ʻi he ʻapiakó ʻe lava ke ʻaonga kiate koe ʻi he toenga hoʻo moʻuí

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 137]

ʻOku fakangatangata ʻa e ngaahi taumuʻa ngāué ki he faʻahinga kuo ʻikai te nau poto ʻi he ngaahi pōtoʻi tefito ʻoku akoʻi ʻi he ʻapiakó