ʻE Lava Moʻoni ke ʻI Ai ha Sōsaieti ʻIkai Fakakalakalasi?
KO JOHN ADAMS, ʻa ia naʻe hoko ko e palesiteni hono ua ʻo e ʻIunaite Seteté, ko e taha ia ʻi he kau fakamoʻoni hingoa ʻi he Fakahaaʻi ʻo e Tauʻatāina fakahisitōliá, ʻa ia naʻe kau ai ʻa e ngaahi lea ʻiloa ko ení: “ʻOku mau tui ko e ngaahi moʻoni ko ení ʻoku hā mahino, ʻoku fakatupu ʻa e tangata kotoa pē ʻi he tuʻunga tatau.” Neongo ia, ʻoku hā mahino naʻe veiveiua ʻa John Adams ʻi he pehē ʻoku tuʻunga tatau moʻoni ʻa e kakaí, he naʻá ne tohi: “Ko e ʻIkai Tatau ʻi he ʻAtamaí mo e Sinó ko e fokotuʻu ia ʻe he ʻOtua Māfimafi-Aoniú ʻi heʻene Faʻu ʻa e Natula Fakaetangatá ʻo ʻikai ai ha palani pe founga ʻe teitei lava ke ne ʻai kinautolu ki ha tuʻunga tatau.” ʻI hono kehé, ko e faihisitōlia Pilitānia ko H. G. Wells naʻe malava ke ne fakaʻuta atu ki ha sōsaieti ʻe tatau ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻo makatuʻunga ʻi he meʻa ʻe tolu: ko ha lotu anga-maheni fakaemāmani lahi kae maʻa mo taʻemele, ako tatau maʻá e tokotaha kotoa pea mo e ʻikai ha ngaahi tuʻunga fakakautau.
ʻI ha aʻu mai ki he lolotonga ní, kuo ʻikai ke faʻu ʻe he hisitōliá ʻa e sōsaieti ʻe tatau ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻa ia naʻe vīsone ki ai ʻa Wells. ʻOku mamaʻo ʻaupito ʻa e tangatá mei he tataú, pea ko e fakakalakalasí ʻoku kei hoko pē ia ko ha tafaʻaki mālohi ʻi he sōsaietí. Kuo ʻomai ʻe he ngaahi kalasi peheé ha ngaahi ʻaonga ki he sōsaietí fakalūkufua? ʻIkai. Ko e ngaahi founga fakakalasi fakasōsialé ʻoku vahevaheʻi ai ʻa e kakaí, ʻo iku ki he meheka, tāufehiʻa, loto-mamahi pea mo e lingitoto lahi. Ko e anga ʻo e fakakaukau ki muʻa ki he māʻolunga ʻa e hinehiná ʻi ʻAfilika, ʻAositelēlia mo ʻAmelika Tokelaú naʻe ʻomai ai ʻa e mamahi ki he faʻahinga ʻikai hinehiná—ʻo kau ai ʻa e fakaʻauha fakakātoa ʻo e kau ʻApó ʻi Van Diemen’s Land (ko Tasimēnia ia he taimí ni). ʻI ʻIulope, ko hono fakakalasi ʻa e kau Siú ʻoku nau māʻulaló naʻe hoko ia ko ha tokateu ki he Tāmate-Fakatokolahi ʻo e Kau Siú. Ko e koloa lahi ʻa e kalasi māʻolunga angé pea mo e taʻefiemālie ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e ngaahi kalasi māʻulalo ange mo e lotolotó ʻa e ngaahi meʻa tefito naʻe iku atu ai ki he Liukava ʻa Falanisē ʻi he senituli hono 18 pea ki he Liukava Bolshevik ʻi Lūsia he senituli hono 20.
Naʻe tohi ʻe ha tangata poto ʻi he kuohilí: “ʻI he taimi naʻe pule ai ha tangata ki he kakai ke nau kovi ai.” (Koheleti 8:9) ʻOku moʻoni ʻa ʻene ngaahi leá ʻo tatau ai pē pe ko e faʻahinga ʻoku pulé ko e faʻahinga tāutaha pe ko e ngaahi kalasi. ʻI he taimi ʻoku hakeakiʻi ai ʻe ha kulupu ʻe taha ʻo e kakaí ʻa kinautolu tonu ʻo māʻolunga ia ʻi ha kulupu ʻe taha, ʻoku iku taʻealakalofi ai ki he mamahi mo e faingataʻa.
ʻI he Vakai ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻOku Tatau ʻa e Tokotaha Kotoa Pē
ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi kulupu fakaetangata ʻoku fakatupu mai ʻo nau māʻolunga ange ʻi he ngaahi kulupu kehé? ʻOku ʻikai pehē ʻi he vakai mai ʻa e ʻOtuá. ʻOku pehē ʻe he Tohitapú: “Naʻa ne [ʻOtuá] oʻi foki ʻa e ngaahi faʻahinga kakai ʻa ia ʻoku nau tupunga taha kotoa pe, ke nau nofoʻia ʻa e funga kotoa ʻo māmani.” (Ngāue 17:26) ʻIkai ngata aí, ko e Tokotaha-Fakatupú “oku ikai te ne filifilimanako ki he kakai houeiki, bea oku ikai lahi hake ene tokaga ki he koloaia i he majiva? he koe gaue a hono nima akinautolu kotoabe.” (Siope 34:19, PM) ʻOku kāinga ʻa e faʻahinga kotoa ʻo e tangatá, pea ʻi he vakai mai ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻoku fanauʻi tatau mai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa pē.
Manatuʻi foki, ʻi he taimi ʻoku mate ai ha taha, ʻoku mole ai ʻa e ngaahi taukaveʻi kotoa pē ʻokú ne māʻolunga ange ʻi he niʻihi kehé. Naʻe ʻikai ke tui ki he meʻa ko iá ʻa e kau ʻIsipite ʻo e kuonga muʻá. ʻI he taimi naʻe mate ai ha Felo, naʻa nau tuku ʻa e ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga lahi ʻi hono fonualotó koeʻuhi ke ne lava ʻo fiefia ai ʻi he hokohoko atu ʻa ʻene maʻu hono tuʻunga māʻolungá ʻi he moʻui-ka-hokó. Naʻe pehē? ʻIkai. Ko e lahi ʻo e koloa ko iá naʻe iku ia ʻo maʻu ʻe he kau kaihaʻa he ngaahi faʻitoká, pea ko e ngaahi koloa lahi naʻe hao mei he kau kaihaʻá ʻoku lava ke mātā ia ʻi he ʻahó ni he ngaahi misiumé.
Koeʻuhi naʻá ne mate, naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito lava ke ngāueʻaki ʻe he Feló ʻa e ngaahi koloa mamafa ko iá. ʻI he maté, ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha kalasi māʻolunga ange mo ha kalasi māʻulalo ange, ʻikai ha koloaʻia pea ʻikai ha masiva. ʻOku pehē ʻe he Tohitapú: “Kuo pau ke mate ʻa e kau tangata potó; kau tangata valé, kau tangata anga-fakamanú, ʻoku nau ʻauha kotoa. He ʻoku hangē ʻa e tangatá ko e fanga pulú ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai lava ke tolonga ʻenau moʻuí, ʻoku nau hangē ha fanga pulu ʻa ia ʻoku nounou honau taimí.” (Sāme 49:10, 12, The New English Bible) Pe ko e ngaahi tuʻi pe kau pōpula kitautolu, ko e ngaahi lea fakamānavaʻí ni ʻoku kaunga tonu ia kiate kitautolu kotoa: “Ko e kau pekia ʻoku ʻikai te nau ʻilo ha momoʻi meʻa, pea ʻoku ʻikai te nau kei sio totongi . . . ʻOku ʻikai ha ngaue, pe ha fakakaukau, pe ha ʻilo, pe ha poto ʻi lolofonua, ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku ke fononga ki ai.”—Koheleti 9:5, 10.
ʻOku fanauʻi tatau mai kitautolu kotoa ʻi he vakai mai ʻa e ʻOtuá, pea ʻoku tau iku tatau kotoa ʻi he maté. He meʻa launoa leva ē ke hiki hake ha kulupu ʻe taha ʻo e kakaí ʻo māʻolunga ange ia ʻi ha kulupu ʻe taha lolotonga ʻa e vahaʻa taimi nounou ʻo ʻetau moʻuí!
Ko ha Sōsaieti ʻIkai Fakakalakalasi—Anga-Fēfē?
Kae kehe, ʻoku ʻi ai ha ʻamanaki ʻe ʻi ai ʻi ha ʻaho, ha sōsaieti ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau moʻuí ʻa ia ʻe ʻikai ke mahuʻinga ai ʻa e kalasi fakasōsialé? ʻIo, ʻoku ʻi ai. ʻI he meimei taʻu ʻe 2,000 kuo maliu atú ʻi he taimi naʻe ʻi māmani ai ʻa Sīsuú, naʻe fakatoka ai ha makatuʻunga ki ha sōsaieti pehē. Naʻe foaki ai ʻe Sīsū ʻa ʻene moʻuí ko ha feilaulau huhuʻi maʻá e faʻahinga kotoa pē ʻo e tangatá ʻoku tuí koeʻuhi ko ia “kotoa pe ʻoku tui pikitai kiate ia ke ʻoua naʻa ʻauha, kae maʻu ʻa e moʻui taʻengata.”—Sione 3:16.
Ke fakahaaʻi ʻoku ʻikai totonu ki hono kau muimuí ke nau fakamāʻolungaʻi kinautolu ʻi honau kaungātuí, naʻe pehē ʻe Sīsū: “Ko kimoutolu ʻoua naʻa ui ko Lapai: he ʻoku taha pe hoʻomou Faiako, ka ko kimoutolu ko e ngāhi tokoua kotoa pe. Pea ʻoua naʻa ui ha toko taha ʻi mamani ko hoʻomou tamai: he ʻoku taha pe hoʻomou Tamai, ko e Tamai Fakalangi. Kaeʻumaʻā ʻoua naʻa ui kimoutolu ko e kau takimuʻa: he ʻoku taha homou Takimuʻa, ko Kalaisi. Ka ʻoka ai ha taha ʻiate kimoutolu ʻe lahi hake, te ne nofo ko hoʻomou sevaniti. Pea ko ia te ne hakeakiʻi ia ʻe fakavaivaiʻi.” (Mātiu 23:8-12) ʻI he vakai mai ʻa e ʻOtuá, ko e kotoa ʻo e kau ākonga moʻoni ʻa Sīsuú ʻoku nau tatau ʻi he tuí.
Naʻe vakai ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané kiate kinautolu tonu ʻoku nau tatau? Naʻe pehē ʻa e faʻahinga naʻa nau maʻu ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e akonaki ʻa Sīsuú. Naʻa nau fevakaiʻaki ʻiate kinautolu ʻoku nau tatau ʻi he tuí pea fakahaaʻi eni ʻaki ʻa e feuiʻaki kinautolu ko e “tokoua.” (Filimone 1, 7, 20, NW) Naʻe ʻikai fakalototoʻaʻi ha taha ke ne vakai kiate ia tonu ʻoku lelei ange ia ʻi he niʻihi kehé. Ko e fakatātaá, fakakaukau angé ki he founga anga-fakatōkilalo ʻa ia naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻaki ʻe Pita ʻa ia tonu ʻi heʻene tohi hono uá: “Tu ko au Simione Pita, ko e tamaioʻeiki mo aposetolo ʻa Sisu Kalaisi, ko ʻeku tohi kiate kimoutolu kuo taʻimalie ha tui ʻoku maʻongoʻonga tatau mo haʻamautolu.” (2 Pita 1:1) Naʻe fakahinohinoʻi fakafoʻituitui ʻe Sīsū ʻa Pita, pea ʻi he tuʻunga ko ha ʻapositoló, naʻá ne maʻu ha tuʻunga mahuʻinga ʻo e fatongiá. Neongo ia, naʻá ne vakai kiate ia tonu ko ha tamaioʻeiki peá ne ʻiloʻi ʻoku maʻu ʻe he kau Kalisitiane kehé ʻa e tuí ʻi ha tuʻunga monū tatau mo ia.
ʻE pehē nai ʻe he niʻihi ko e tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo e tuʻunga tataú ʻoku fakafepakiʻi ia ʻe he moʻoniʻi meʻa ko ia naʻe ʻai ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa ʻIsileli ko hono puleʻanga makehe ʻi he ngaahi taimi ki muʻa ʻi he Kalisitiané. (Ekisoto 19:5, 6) Te nau taukaveʻi nai ko ha fakatātā eni ʻo e tuʻunga māʻolunga fakamatakalí, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke pehē ia. ʻOku moʻoni ko e kau ʻIsilelí, ʻi he tuʻunga ko e hako ʻo ʻĒpalahamé, naʻa nau maʻu ha vahaʻangatae makehe mo e ʻOtuá pea naʻe ngāueʻaki kinautolu ko ha fouʻanga ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakahā mei he ʻOtuá. (Loma 3:1, 2) Ka, ko e taumuʻa ʻo e meʻá ni naʻe ʻikai ki hano fokotuʻu kinautolu ki ha tuʻunga māʻolunga. ʻI hono kehé, naʻe fai iá koeʻuhi ke ‘monuʻia ai ʻa e ngaahi puleʻanga kotoa pe.’—Senesi 22:18; Kaletia 3:8.
Naʻe fakamoʻoniʻi ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e kau ʻIsilelí naʻe ʻikai te nau faʻifaʻitaki ki he tui ʻa ʻenau kui ko ʻĒpalahamé. Naʻa nau taʻefaitōnunga pea talitekeʻi ʻa Sīsū ʻi hono tuʻunga ko e Mīsaiá. Koeʻuhi ko e meʻa ko iá, naʻe fakataleʻi ai kinautolu ʻe he ʻOtuá. (Mātiu 21:43) Kae kehe, ko e kau anga-vaivai ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá naʻe ʻikai te nau tō mei he ngaahi tāpuaki naʻe talaʻofá. ʻI he Penitekosi 33 T.S., naʻe fanauʻi ai ʻa e fakatahaʻanga Kalisitiané. Ko e kautaha ko eni ʻo e kau Kalisitiane ʻa ia naʻe pani ʻe he laumālie māʻoniʻoní naʻe ui ko e “Isileli oe Otua,” pea naʻe fakamoʻoniʻi ko ia ʻa e fouʻanga ʻe hoko mai ai ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki ko iá.—Kaletia 6:16, PM.
Naʻe fiemaʻu ke akoʻi ʻa e niʻihi ʻo e kau mēmipa ʻo e fakatahaʻanga ko iá ki he meʻa fekauʻaki mo e tuʻunga tataú. Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe akonakiʻi ʻe he ākonga ko Sēmisí ʻa e faʻahinga naʻa nau fakalāngilangiʻi lahi ange ʻa e kau Kalisitiane koloaʻiá ʻi he faʻahinga ko ia naʻe masivá. (Semisi 2:1-4) Naʻe taʻetotonu ia. Naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he ʻapositolo ko Paulá ko e kau Kalisitiane Senitailé naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito te nau māʻulalo ange ʻi he kau Kalisitiane Siú, pea ko e kakai fefine Kalisitiané naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito te nau māʻulalo ange ʻi he kakai tangatá. Naʻá ne tohi: “Seuke ko e ngaahi Foha ʻo e ʻOtua ʻakimoutolu kotoa pe, ko e meʻa ʻi he tui ʻoku fai kia Kalaisi Sisu. ʻIo, ʻilonga kimoutolu naʻe papitaiso kia Kalaisi, naʻa mou kofuʻaki ai ʻa Kalaisi. ʻOku ʻikai ai ha Siu pe ha Kalisi, ʻoku ʻikai ai ha popula pe ha tauʻataina, ʻoku ʻikai ai ke tangata mo fefine: he ko kimoutolu katokatoa ko e toko taha tofu pe ʻia Kalaisi Sisu.”—Kaletia 3:26-28.
Ko ha Kakai ʻIkai Fakakalakalasi ʻi he ʻAhó Ni
ʻOku feinga ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihova ʻi he ʻaho ní ke nau moʻui ʻo fakatatau ki he ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni Fakatohitapú. ʻOku nau ʻiloʻi ko e ngaahi kalasi fakasōsialé ʻoku ʻikai hanau mahuʻinga ʻi he vakai mai ʻa e ʻOtuá. Ko ia ai, ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai haʻanau vahevahe haʻa faifekau/kakai, pea ʻoku ʻikai ke fakamavaheʻi kinautolu ʻo fakatatau ki he lanu ʻo e kilí pe ko e koloá. Neongo ʻoku koloaʻia nai ha niʻihi ʻo kinautolu, ʻoku ʻikai te nau hangataha ki he “ʻafungi ʻo e moʻui” he ʻoku nau ʻiloʻi ko e ngaahi meʻa ko iá ʻoku fakataimi pē. (1 Sione 2:15-17) ʻI hono kehé, ʻoku nau fāʻūtaha kotoa ʻi heʻenau lotu ki he Hau Fakalevelevá, ko Sihova ko e ʻOtuá.
Ko kinautolu kotoa ʻoku nau tali ʻa e fatongia ke kau ʻi he ngāue ko hono malangaʻi ʻa e ongoongo lelei ʻo e Puleʻangá ki hono kaungā faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá. ʻI he hangē ko Sīsuú, ʻoku nau fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻa e faingataʻaʻiá pea mo e liʻekiná ʻaki ʻa e ʻaʻahi kiate kinautolu ki honau ngaahi ʻapí, ʻo tuʻuaki ke akoʻi kiate kinautolu ʻa e Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá. Ko e faʻahinga ʻoku nau maʻu ha tuʻunga māʻulalo ange ʻi he moʻuí ʻoku nau ngāue fakataha mo e faʻahinga ʻa ia ʻoku vakai nai kiate kinautolu ʻa e niʻihi ko e kalasi māʻolunga angé. Ko e ngaahi tuʻunga fakalaumālié ʻoku mahuʻingá, kae ʻikai ko e kalasi fakasōsialé. Hangē ko ia ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí, ko e tokotaha kotoa ko e fanga tokoua mo e fanga tuofāfine ʻi he tuí.
Fakaʻatā ʻi he Tuʻunga Tataú ʻa e Kehekehé
Ko e moʻoni, ko e tuʻunga tataú ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga iá ko e tatau fakaʻaufuli. Ko e kau tangata mo e kau fefine, taʻumotuʻa mo e talavou, ko e kau fakafofonga kotoa kinautolu ʻi he kautaha faka-Kalisitiane ko ení ʻa ia ʻoku kau ki ai ʻa e kakai mei he ngaahi ʻātakai lahi fakamatakali, fakaelea, fakafonua mo e fakaʻekonōmika. ʻI he tuʻunga ko e faʻahinga tāutahá, ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa e ngaahi malava fakaeʻatamai mo fakaesino kehekehe. Ka ko e ngaahi faikehekehe ko iá ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻai ia ke māʻolunga ange ai ha niʻihi pe māʻulalo ange ai ha niʻihi. ʻI hono kehé, ʻoku iku ʻa e ngaahi faikehekehe peheé ki ha tuʻunga fakamānako kehekehe. ʻOku ʻiloʻi ʻe he kau Kalisitiane ko iá ko ha talēniti pē ʻoku nau maʻu ko e ngaahi meʻaʻofa ia mei he ʻOtuá pea ʻoku ʻikai ko ha ʻuhinga ia ke nau ongoʻi māʻolunga ange ai.
Ko e ngaahi vahevahe fakakalasí ko e ola ia ʻo e feinga ʻa e tangatá ke pule pē kiate ia tonu ʻo ʻikai ke muimui ʻi he tataki ʻa e ʻOtuá. Kuo vavé ni, ke maʻu ʻe he Puleʻanga ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻa e tuʻunga-pule fakaʻaho ʻo e foʻi māmani ko ení, pea ko hono olá ʻe hoko ia ko ha ngataʻanga ki he ngaahi fakakalakalasi kuo faʻu ʻe he tangatá, fakataha mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe kotoa pē kuo nau fakatupunga ʻa e faingataʻá ʻi he kotoa ʻo e ngaahi kuongá. ʻI ha ʻuhinga moʻoni leva, ‘ʻe maʻu ʻa e fonuá ʻe he faʻa katakí.’ (Sāme 37:11) Ko e ngaahi ʻuhinga kotoa ki he pōlepole fekauʻaki mo e tuʻunga māʻolunga ʻo ha taha ʻoku takú ʻe mole atu ia. ʻE ʻikai ʻaupito ke toe fakaʻatā ʻa e ngaahi kalasi fakasōsialé ke ne vahevahe ʻa e fetokouaʻaki ʻa e tangatá ʻi māmani lahí.
[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 5]
Ko e Tokotaha-Fakatupú “oku ikai lahi hake ene tokaga ki he koloaia i he majiva? he koe gaue a hono nima akinautolu kotoabe.”—Siope 34:19, PM.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 6]
ʻOku fakahāhā ʻe he Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻa e fakaʻapaʻapa ki honau ngaahi kaungāʻapí
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]
Ko e ngaahi tuʻunga fakalaumālié ʻoku mahuʻingá ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau Kalisitiane moʻoní