Vukholwa-Hava—Xana Byi Andze Ku Fikela Kwihi Namuntlha?

SWA endleka hinkwako—entirhweni, exikolweni, eka swo famba swa mani na mani ni le xitarateni. Loko u entshemula, vanhu lava u nga si tshamaka u hlangana na vona, vahundzi va ndlela, va ri: “Xikwembu a xi ku katekise” kumbe va ku “u katekile.” Ku ni marito lama fanaka eka tindzimi to tala. EJarimani, va angula hi ndlela leyi, “Gesundheit.” Maarabu ma ri, “Yarhamak Allah,” naswona vanhu va le Dzongeni wa Pacific va Mapolynesia va ri, “Tihei mauri ora.”

Hi ku vona onge ko va mukhuva lowu tolovelekeke lowu vanhu va wu landzelaka, swi nga ha endleka u tshame u ehleketanyana leswaku ha yini vanhu va vula marito lawa. Kambe, marito lawa ma tumbuluka eka vukholwa-hava. Moira Smith, mulanguteri wa layiburari ya le Folklore Institute le Yunivhesiti ya Indiana eBloomington, le U.S.A., eIndiana, u vula leswi malunghana ni marito lawa: “Ma sekeriwe eka vonelo ra leswaku u entshemula moya-xiviri wa wena.” Ku vula leswaku “Xikwembu a xi ku katekise” entiyisweni, i ku kombela Xikwembu leswaku xi wu tlherisela.

Ina, swi nga ha endleka vanhu vo tala va pfumela leswaku ku kholwa leswaku moya-xiviri wa huma emirini loko u entshemula, i vuphukuphuku. Hikwalaho, a swi hlamarisi leswi Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary yi hlamuselaka rito leri nge vukholwa-hava tanihi “ku pfumela kumbe mukhuva lowu endliwaka hikwalaho ka mihoni, ku chava nchumu lowu nga tiviwiki, ku tshembela eka masalamusi kumbe eka nchumu lowu endlekaka hi xiwelo kumbe ku kholelwa leswaku nchumu wo karhi wu vangiwe hi nchumu wo karhi.”

A swi hlamarisi leswi dokodela wa lembe-xidzana ra vu-17 a vuleke leswaku vukholwa-hava bya le nkarhini wakwe i “swihoxo leswi tolovelekeke” swa vanhu lava nga dyondzekangiki. Kutani, loko vanhu va nghena eka lembe-xidzana ra vu-20 leri hluvukeke hi tlhelo ra sayense, The Encyclopædia Britannica ya 1910 yi vhumbhe hi ku tiyiseka malunghana ni nkarhi lowu “nhluvuko [wu nga ta] ntshunxiwa eka vukholwa-hava.”

Se Byi Hangalake Ngopfu

Ntshembo wolowo wa makume ya nhungu ya malembe lama hundzeke a wu ri hava xisekelo, hikuva vukholwa-hava byi vonaka byi tiye ku fana ni khokholo. Ku tiya ka byona ku fambisana ni swilo swa vukholwa-hava. Rito leri nge “vukholwa-hava” ri suka eka rito ra Xilatini leri nge super, leri vulaka “ehenhla,” ni leri nge stare, leri vulaka “ku yima.” Entiyisweni, tinhenha leti hluleke enyimpini a ti vuriwa ti-superstite, tanihi leswi ti poneke eka tinhenha tin’wana enyimpini, hi ku kongoma, a ti “yime” ehenhla ka leti feke. Loko yi kombetela eka rimitsu ra rito leri, buku leyi nge Superstitions yi ri: “Vukholwa-hava lebyi bya ha riki kona ni namuntlha byi yime ehenhla ka matshalatshala lama endliweke yo lwela ku byi herisa.” Ehleketa hi swikombiso swi nga ri swingani swa ku phikelela ka vukholwa-hava.

◻ Endzhaku ka ku fa hi xitshuketa ka ndhuna-nkulu ya doroba-nkulu ra le Asia, vatirhi lava heleke matimba lava tirhaka emuakweni wakwe wa ximfumo va byele ndhuna-nkulu leyi tlhandlamaka leswaku yi vonana ni mukambisisi wa miehleketo la hlawulekeke, la ringanyeteke leswaku ku cinciwa swilo swo hlayanyana endzeni ni le handle ka muako. Vatirhi lava va vone onge ku cinca loku ku ta herisa khombo leri.

◻ Muungameri wa khampani loyi a nga n’wankumi wa le United States u tshama a ri ni ribye ro karhi ro hlawuleka. Ku sukela loko nkombiso wakwe wo sungula wo navetisa wu humelele kahle, wa ala ku huma ekaya a nga ri na rona.

◻ Van’wamabindzu va le Asia hakanyingi va lava xitsundzuxo xa muvhumbhi va nga si pfala swilo leswikulu leswi va xaviselanaka swona swa bindzu.

◻ Mutlangi, hambilewi a jimaka ngopfu, kambe u nga twa a vula leswaku u winisiwe hi leswi a swi ambaleke. Hikwalaho u ya emahlweni a swi ambala—swi nga hlantswiwanga—emimphikizanweni ya nkarhi lowu taka.

◻ Xichudeni xi tirhisa xitsalo xo karhi ku tsala xikambelo kutani xi pasela ehenhla. Endzhaku ka sweswo, xi languta xitsalo lexi xi ri ni “nkateko.”

◻ Esikwini rakwe ra mucato, mutekiwa u hlela mucato wakwe hi vukheta leswaku wu va ni “swilo swa khale, swilo leswintshwa, swilo leswi lombiweke ni swilo swa muhlovo wa wasi.”

◻ Munhu u pfula Bibele kun’wana ni kun’wana kutani a hlaya tsalwa leri a ri vonaka ku sungula, u kholwa leswaku marito wolawo ma ta n’wi nyika nkongomiso lowu a wu lavaka hi nkarhi wolowo.

◻ Loko xihaha-mpfhuka xa jumbo jet xi tsutsuma leswaku xi ta hahela empfhukeni, vakhandziyi vo hlayanyana va endla mfungho wa xihambano. Un’wana u vukarha mendlele ya “Mukwetsimi” Christopher loko xihaha-mpfhuka xi ri karhi xi haha.

Swi le rivaleni leswaku vukholwa-hava bya ha hangalake ngopfu ni namuntlha. Entiyisweni, Stuart A. Vyse, profesa wa ntivo-miehleketo eKholichi ya le Connecticut, ebukwini yakwe leyi nge Believing in Magic—The Psychology of Superstition u ri: “Hambileswi hi hanyaka enguveni ya thekinoloji leyi hluvukisiweke ngopfu, vukholwa-hava byi andze ngopfu.”

Namuntlha vukholwa-hava byi dzime timitsu lerova matshalatshala ya ku byi tsuvula, ma tsandzekile. Ha yini swi ri hi ndlela leyi?