“Asizifuni Kwakhona IiHiroshima!”
NANGONA amaJapan ayechwayitile kukuloyisa kwawo iZibuko iPearl ibe ayekukhumbula ngoxa ayephumelela, emva kokuba oyisiwe emfazweni, loo mhla walahlelwa kwelokulibala. Xa urhulumente waseJapan kutshanje wabuzwayo ngesizathu sokuba angayiceleli uxolo intlaselo, unobhala oyintloko wesigqeba waphendula esithi: “Ngokusengqiqweni naxa ndithetha inyaniso, ndivakalelwa kukuba ukuhlaselwa kweZibuko iPearl akufanele kunconywe. Noko ke, imibandela ephathelele imfazwe phakathi kweUnited States neJapan yazinziswa NgeSivumelwano Soxolo SaseSan Francisco.”
Amazwi akhe amela iimvakalelo zamaJapan athile ngentlaselo yequbuliso eyabangela ukubakho kwemfazwe yakwiPasifiki. Iphephandaba iMainichi Shimbun linikela ingxelo yokuba, nangona engaphezu kwesigidi amaJapan atyelela iHawaii nyaka ngamnye, ambalwa kakhulu atyelela iNqanawa yaseUnited States eyiArizona Memorial, eyakhiwa khon’ ukuze kukhunjulwe ukuhlaselwa kweZibuko iPearl.
Ngoxa ibinzana elithi “Khumbula IZibuko IPearl!” liwazisela iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu amaMerika athile, amaJapan akhumbula ubuhlungu awabufumanayo ngokukhwaza athi “Asizifuni Kwakhona IiHiroshima.” Iibhombu zeathom ezadubula kwisixeko saseHiroshima nesaseNagasaki ngoAgasti 1945 zaba nomphumo olusizi kungekuphela nje kwabo babengamaxhoba azo ngokuthe ngqo kodwa nakwisizwe siphela.
Ukuva amava avela ngqo kwabo basindayo kuyasinceda siziqonde iimvakalelo zabo. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ngoItoko owayesandul’ ukugqiba esikolweni waza waba ngunobhala kwiziko loMkhosi Wolwandle eHiroshima. Nakubeni wayengaphakathi kwisakhiwo awayesebenza kuso, waweva amadangatye ebhombu yeathom, ngokungathi wayebethwe yiyo ngokwayo. UItoko uchaza enjenje: “Ndandisebenza namajoni sisusa imizimba efileyo esixekweni. Emlanjeni, amajoni awayekwiphenyane ayephosa umnatha wokuloba iintlanzi ibe ayefumana imizimba engaphezu kwama-50 sihlandlo ngasinye ewutsala umnatha. Sayikhuphela ngaphandle komlambo imizimba ibe sayibeka ngantlanu ngantlanu saza sayitshisa. Emininzi yayo yayize. Wawungabonakali umahluko phakathi kwamadoda namabhinqa, ibe imilebe yayo yayidumbe okwemilomo yamadada.” AmaJapan awakwazi ukuzilibala iintlekele ezabangelwa ziibhombu zeathom ezimbini.
Isizathu Sokusetyenziswa Kwesixhobo Esitshabalalisa Abantu Abaninzi
UNjingalwazi Shigetoshi Iwamatsu weYunivesithi yaseNagasaki, olixhoba lebhombu yeathom, wabhalela amaphephandaba aseNtshona kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 eyadlulayo ukuze awazise ngentlungu yamaxhoba. IAsahi Evening News inikela le ngxelo: “Wakhwankqiswa ziimpendulo awazifumanayo. Isiqingatha seempendulo sasisithi ziibhombu zeathom ezaphelisa uhlaselo lweJapan ibe kwakuyinto engaqhelekanga ngamaxhoba eebhombu ukuba afune uxolo.”
Ichaza isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esitshabalalisa abantu abaninzi, iThe Encyclopedia Americana ithi: “[UHarry S. Truman] wagqiba ekusebenziseni iibhombu zeathom eJapan, ekholelwa ukuba zaziya kuyiphelisa ngokukhawuleza imfazwe kuze kusindiswe ubomi babantu.” Nakubeni engabonakalisi kungabi naluvelwano ngeemvakalelo zamaxhoba ebhombu yeathom, uKenkichi Tomioka, umcholacholi weendaba waseJapan owanikela ingxelo ngeziphithiphithi zasemva kwemfazwe, uvuma oku: “Xa kukhangelwa emva kwithuba laphakathi koMatshi/Aprili noAgasti 1945 (iShowa 20), xa imizamo yokuphelisa imfazwe yafikelela kwincopho yayo yaza yalibeka engozini ikamva leli lizwe, asikwazi ukuyijongela phantsi indima yamathamo amabini eyeza elilungisayo [iibhombu zeathom] elalijoliswe kanye ekupholiseni iintloko ezishushu, elanikwa abathandi bemfazwe ababefuna kuqutyiswane ukuze kukhuselwe ilizwe labo. Ukuqubisana kwakuya kubangela igyokusai (ukuzityhoba ekufeni kunokunikezela) kubemi abali-100 lezigidi.”
Noko ke, abo balahlekelwa ngabathandekayo babo kudubulo lweebhombu zeathom nabasenezigulo ezabangelwa bubushushu obabuphuma kuzo bafumanisa ukuba intlungu yabo ayinakuthanjiswa ngamazwi athethelela ukuphoswa kwepikadon, okanye “ukhohlel’ amadangatye,” njengoko abasindi bazibiza njalo iibhombu zeathom. Nangona bebesoloko bezijonga njengamaxhoba aseJapan amsulwa, bambi abasindi bebhombu yeathom ngoku bayaqonda ukuba njengabemi baseJapan, bafanele bavume ukuba, njengoko uNjingalwazi Iwamatsu wahlabela mgama esitsho, “babenetyala ngokuhlasela kwabo amanye amazwe akummandla weAsia nePasifiki.” Ngowe-1990 ixhoba lebhombu lawangxengxezela amatyala emfazwe eJapan phambi kwabameli bamanye amazwe kwimingcelele yoqhankqalazo ngokunxamnye nebhombu ebakho minyaka le eHiroshima.
Ngaba Ngokwenene Babenazo Izizathu Zokubulala?
Intiyo ekrakra ngemfazwe ihleli ezintliziyweni zabantu abaninzi abasindayo nabangamangqina okuzibonela okwenzekayo kwiZibuko iPearl, eHiroshima naseNagasaki. Bekhangela emva, bambi bayazibuza enoba amazwe abo ayenezizathu zokwenene zokufuna ukuba abathandekayo babo banikele ngobomi babo ekulweleni ilizwe labo kusini na.
Khon’ ukuze axhokonxe inzondelelo ngemfazwe nokuze athethelele ukubulala, omabini la macala akwavelise iintlaselo zomlomo. AmaMerika awabiza amaJapan ngokuba “zii-Japs eziqubulayo.” Ibe akufumanisa kulula ukuvusa umoya wentiyo nowokufuna ukuziphindezelela ngamazwi athi “Khumbula IZibuko IPearl!” EJapan abantu babefundiswe ukuba amaNgesi namaMerika ayeziikichiku, okuthetha “amarhancwa anobudemon.” Abantu abaninzi eOkinawa bakhokelelwa kwanasekuzibulaleni kunokuwela ezandleni ‘zamarhamncwa.’ Ngokufanayo, emva kokuba amaJapan enikezele, xa imikhosi ehlaselayo yamaMerika yagaleleka kwizibuko elikufutshane, uItoko oselula, okhankanywe ngaphambilana, wanikwa ngumphathi weqela lakhe amagaqa amabini etyhefu ebulalayo. Wayalela oku, “Ungazenzi into yokudlala yamajoni asemzini.”
Noko ke, ngoncedo lwabahlobo bakhe abangamaJapan abahlala eHawaii, ngokuthe ngcembe uItoko waziphangalalisa iimbono zakhe waza waqonda ukuba amaMerika namaBritani anokuba nobuhlobo, abe nobunene yaye alunge. Wadibana noGeorge, indoda engumIrish eyazalelwa eSingapore, uyise owabulawa ngamaJapan. Bazana baza batshata. Bangumzekelo nje omnye kwemininzi yabo bafuma-nisa ukuba iintshaba zabo zangaphambili zingabantu abanobuhlobo. Ukuba bonke babezibone “iintshaba” ngembono engaphenjelelwanga ngabakhuthazi bemfazwe, kodwa ngamehlo abo angenamkhethe, ngebabebonakalise uthando kubo kunokuba babonakalise intiyo.
Ewe, uxolo phakathi kwabantu olusekelwe ekuqondaneni lubalulekile kuxolo lwehlabathi. Kodwa ngenxa yeemfazwe ezininzi eziye zaliwa ukususela ngowe-1945, kucacile ukuba abantu abasifundanga esi sifundo sisisiseko kwiZibuko iPearl naseHiroshima. Noko ke, kwanoxolo oluphakathi kwabantu ngabanye alwanelanga ekuziseni uxolo lwehlabathi. Kanye kanye luya kubangelwa yintoni? Inqaku elilandelayo liza kukuchaza oku.
[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 7]
Ngoxa ibinzana elithi “Khumbula IZibuko IPearl!” liwabuyisela iinkumbulo ezingemyoli amaMerika athile, amaJapan akhumbula iintlungu zawo ngomkhwazo othi “Asizifuni Kwakhona IiHiroshima!”
[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 8]
Uxolo phakathi kwabantu ngabanye olusekelwe ekuqondaneni lubalulekile ukuze kubekho uxolo lwehlabathi
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 7]
Abavangeli basemazweni beWatch Tower Society, uLloyd Barry noAdrian Thompson phambi kweSikhumbuzo Soxolo SaseHiroshima ngowe-1950
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 8]
Amabhodlo aseHiroshima emva kokudubula kwebhombu yeathom
[Inkcazelo]
U.S. Army/Courtesy of The Japan Peace Museum