Bathengi Lumkani! Ukukhohlisa Kunokusuba Ubomi Benu
AMAXHOBA angaqeqeshwanga, akholelwa yonke into kunokudlalwa ngawo. Iwotshi ebonakala iyeyexabiso oyinikwa ngumntu othengisa esitratweni ngesiqingatha sexabiso layo—ngaba yeyokwenene okanye yeyomgunyathi? Ngaba uya kuyithenga? Idyasi yoboya yexabiso oyibona kwifestile yenqwelo-mafutha ecaleni kwendlela ithengiswa—umthengisi encoma isikhumba sayo. Ngaba umtsalane nexabiso layo eliphantsi lingakwenza ungabi sakwazi ukukhetha? Umsesane wedayimani osemnweni webhinqa elisandul’ ukuqhawula umtshato—ngoku elingenamali nekhaya, elilindele uloliwe kwisikhululo sikaloliwe esingaphantsi komhlaba esiseNew York—unokuwufumana ngemalana nje encinane. Ngaba unokucinga ukuba esi sisisulu ongenakusiyeka sidlule? Ekubeni le mibuzo ibuziwe kula manqaku axubusha ngenkohliso nangenxa yeemeko ezibangelayo, mhlawumbi unokuphendula uthi “UNOTSHE!”
Noko ke, masitshintshe iindawo neemeko size sibone ukuba uya kuphendula uthini. Kuthekani ngebhegi ephathwayo, yomyili wodumo ethengiswa kwivenkile esemthethweni ngexabiso elinomtsalane eliphantsi kakhulu? Kuthekani ngohlobo olwaziwa kakhulu lwegrangqa ethengiswa kwivenkile ethile yotywala esekoneni? Ngokuqinisekileyo akukho ngxaki apha. Kwakhona, khawucinge ngeefilimu ezinegama olaziyo ezithengiswa ekhemesti okanye kwivenkile yeekhamera. Ngoku uthengiselwa iwotshi yexabiso exabisa amawaka eerandi, ingathengiswa ngumntu othengisa esitratweni, kodwa ithengiswa yivenkile yodumo. Ixabiso layo lithotywe ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuba ubusevenkileni ufuna ukuthenga iwotshi yexabiso enjalo, ngaba ubuya kuyithenga? Kwandule kubekho izihlangu ezinamagama awaziwayo ezibiza imalana encinane kwenye ivenkile ethile oyiboniswe ngabahlobo. Uqinisekile ukuba asingomgunyathi nje ongekho mgangathweni?
Kwezobugcisa, kwizindlu ezaziwayo zokugcina imifanekiso, kukho iifandesi ezinkulu apho kuthengiselwa abaqokeleli bezinto zobugcisa. “Lumka,” yalumkisa enye ingcali yezinto zobugcisa. “Iingcali ezineminyaka yamava ziyaqhathwa. Njengoko kunjalo ngabathengisi. Kunjalo nangabo banyamekela iimyuziyam.” Ngaba ulumke gqitha ukuba ungamelana nabakhohlisi abasenokubakho? Lumka! Zonke ezi zinto zibonisiweyo zisenokuba zezenkohliso. Zidla ngokuba njalo. Khumbula, ukuba into inqabile yaye inexabiso, umntu othile ndaweni ithile uza kuzama ukwenza eyenkohliso.
Ukukhohlisa ngeempahla zokurhweba kuxabisa iirandi ezingamawaka angama-725 ezigidi kushishino lwehlabathi lonke ibe “kukhula ngokukhawuleza kunamanye amashishini empahla,” latsho njalo iphephancwadi iForbes. Iintsimbi zomgunyathi zeenqwelo-mafutha zenza abenzi beenqwelo-mafutha baseMerika nabashishina ngazo balahlekelwe ziidola ezingamawaka ali-12 ezigidi (iirandi ezingamawaka angama-43 ezigidi) kwingeniso yabo yonyaka ehlabathini lonke. Eli phephancwadi lathi: “Ishishini leenqwelo-mafutha laseUnited States lithi belinokuqesha abanye abantu abangama-210 000 ukuba nje belinokukwazi ukuphelisa ishishini labenzi beentsimbi zomgunyathi.” Kuthiwa malunga nesiqingatha semizi-mveliso eyenza izinto zenkohliso ingaphandle kwelaseUnited States—ikho kuyo yonke indawo.
Izinto Zenkohliso Ezinokubulala
Ezinye iimveliso zenkohliso ziyenzakalisa. Iinathi, iibholithi nezikrufu ezisuka kumazwe asemzini zenza ama-87 ekhulwini eedola ezingamawaka amathandathu ezigidi (iirandi ezingamawaka angama-22 ezigidi) kurhwebo lwaseUnited States. Noko ke, ubungqina obukhoyo bubonisa ukuba ama-62 ekhulwini ezi zikhonkwane aye asebenzisa amagama omyili othile ngobuqhetseba okanye izitampu ezingekho mgangathweni njengezisemgangamthweni. Ingxelo yowe-1990 yeGeneral Accounting Office (GAO) ubuncinane yafumanisa ukuba eMerika ama-72 “amaziko aphehla umbane ngamandla enyukliya ayefakelwe izikhonkwane ezingekho mgangathweni, ezinye zifakelwe kwizixhobo ezifanele zivale isixhobo sokwenza umbane ngamandla eatom xa kukho undonakele kwinyukliya. Le ngxaki ihambela phambili, itsho njalo i-GAO. . . . Awaziwa umlinganiselo wale ngxaki, weendleko ezibangelayo kwabo bahlawula irhafu okanye iingozi ekunokuzibangela ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezinjalo [ezingekho mgangathweni],” yanikela loo ngxelo iForbes.
Kuye kwenziwa iibholithi zentsimbi zomgunyathi, ezingenamandla awaneleyo okumelana noko zisetyenziselwa kona, zaza zangeniswa ngondlela-mnyama eUnited States ziikontraki ezingenasazela. Ngokutsho kweAmerican Way, “Zinokuba sisisongelo kwizakhiwo zeeofisi, kumaziko aphehla umbane, kwiibhulorho nakwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa emkhosini.”
Kuthiwa ziziqhoboshi zomgunyathi ezabangela ukuwa koduladula eKhanada kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo okwasuba ubomi babantu abali-15. Ngokwengxelo kuthiwa iintsimbi zomgunyathi ziye zafunyanwa kwiindawo ebezingalindelekanga njengakwiinqwelo-moya zomkhosi nakoosomajukujuku baseUnited States. Omnye umphandi odumileyo ngezokukhohlisa wathi: “Isimo sengqondo sabathengi abathile siba yinto enye xa uthetha ngewotshi yomgunyathi iCartier okanye iRolex, kodwa xa impilo nokhuseleko lwakho lusesichengeni, izinto ziyaguquka.”
Uluhlu lwezinto zenkohliso ezinokuba yingozi ziquka izixhobo zombane ezincedisa ukubetha kwentliziyo ezathengiselwa izibhedlele ezingama-266 eUnited States; iipilisi zokucwangcisa zomgunyathi ezafikelela kushishino lwaseMerika ngowe-1984; imichiza ethintela ukungunda, ngokuyintloko eyenziwe ngetshokwe, yonakalisa isivuno sekofu saseKenya ngowe-1979. Kukho amayeza kwiindawo zonke anokubeka impilo yabathengi esichengeni. Kusenokothusa ukufa okubangelwa ngamayeza enkohliso ehlabathini lonke.
Kukho inkxalabo eyandayo ngezixhobo zombane ezincinane zenkohliso ezisetyenziswa emakhaya. IAmerican Way yathi: “Ezinye kwezi mveliso zinamagama obuxoki okanye avunyiweyo njengoUnderwriters Laboratory. Kodwa azenziwanga ngomlinganiselo ofanayo wezokhuseleko, ngoko zinokudubula, zitshise indlu yaye zibangele ukuba zonke ezi zinto zifakelweyo zingakhuseleki,” yatsho enye injineli yezokhuseleko.
EUnited States naseYurophu, amaqela enza iinqwelo-moya ngokufanayo ame nematha. Ngokomzekelo, eJamani, abasebenza kwiinqwelo-moya baye bafumana iintsimbi zenjini neziqhoboshi zomgunyathi kwizinto zabo. Kwenziwa uphando “eYurophu, eKhanada nakwiUnited Kingdom, apho iintsimbi ezingekho mgangathweni (iinathi zephiko lenqwelo-moya) ziye zabangela ukuwa kwenqwelo-moya okwabulala abantu,” atsho njalo amagosa ezothutho. IFlight Safety Digest yanikela le ngxelo: “Amagosa aye athimba intaphane yeentsimbi zenjini yenqwelo-moya enkulu, neziqhoboshi, iibholithi nezikhonkwane ezingekho mgangathweni, izinto zokugalela amafutha neentsimbi ezikubuxhakaxhaka bokubhabha, izinto zokuqhuba inqwelo-moya nezinto zekhompyutha ezilawula inqwelo-moya ezingenakukwazi ukuyenza ibhabhe ngokukhuselekileyo.”
Ngowe-1989 inqwelo-moya eqeshwayo isendleleni yayo esingise eJamani isuka eNorway yawa ngephanyazo isuka phezulu kwindawo eziimitha ezingama-6600 ukuphakama. Umsila waba ziingceba, oko kwabangela ukuba le nqwelo-moya ihle ngokungalawulekiyo nto leyo eyabangela ukuba ophuke omabini amaphiko ayo. Yanabel’ uqaqa yonke imiphefumlo engama-55 eyayikhwele apho. Emva kophando olwathabatha iminyaka emithathu, iingcali zeenqwelo-moya zaseNorway zafumanisa ukuba yawiswa ziibholithi ezingomelelanga, ezibizwa ngokuba zizikhonkwane zokudibanisa iintsimbi, ezidibanisa umsila kwisiqu senqwelo-moya. Uhlolisiso lwabonisa ukuba ezi bholithi zazenziwe ngesinyithi esibuthathaka gqitha ukuba zingamelana noqhwithela xa isemoyeni. Ezi zikhonkwane zokudibanisa iintsimbi zazizezenkohliso—gama elo liqheleke gqitha kuphela kwiingcali zokhuseleko kwiinqwelo-moya kwindawo yonke, ekubeni inkohliso iyingxaki eyandayo ibeka ubomi babo basebenza nabakhwele inqwelo-moya esichengeni.
Xa ijelo likamabonwakude lesizwe ladlan’ indlebe nomhloli jikelele weSebe Lezothutho kwelaseUnited States, wathi: “Zonke iinqwelo-moya zineentsimbi zomgunyathi. Zonke zinazo. Zonke zinengxaki.” Walek’ umsundulo ngelithi, ishishini lazo liyavuma ukuba, “linezinto elingazisebenzisiyo mhlawumbi ezixabisa iidola ezingamawaka amabini okanye amathathu ezigidi [iirandi ezingamawaka asi-7 ukuya kwezili-11 lezigidi].”
Kudliwano-ndlebe olufanayo, ingcali yokhuseleko kwiinqwelo-moya, eye yacebisa i-FBI ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enonyawo lwemfene equka iintsimbi zenkohliso, yalumkisa ngelokuba iintsimbi zenkohliso zibangela ingozi yokwenene. Yathi: “Ngenxa yoko ndicinga ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo sifanele silindele intlekele enkulu yenqwelo-moya kwixesha elizayo elingekude.”
Ugalelekile umhla wokugwetywa kwabo ukubawa kubenza babeke izilangazelelo zabo zokuzingca ngaphezu kobomi babanye. ILizwi likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo lilikhupha litsole elokuba abantu ababawayo abayi kubuzuza ilifa uBukumkani bukaThixo.—1 Korinte 6:9-10.
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 29]
Iimpahla, izinto zamatye anqabileyo, imifanekiso, iintsimbi zenqwelo-moya—nantoni na ekhoyo unokuyisebenzisa umkhohlisi
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 30]
Iintsimbi zenjini zenkohliso, iibholithi ezingekho mgangathweni, izixhobo zendawo ahlala kuyo umqhubi wenqwelo-moya, iintsimbi zekhompyutha nezinye iintsimbi zenkohliso ziye zabangela ukuwa okusuba imiphefumlo