Kodwa Ngaba Yeyokwenene?
INTO enokwenziwa ngomnye umntu kakuhle, omnye umntu unokuyenza ngenkohliso. Loo nto uyinikwayo isenokubonakala iyiloo nto uyifunayo kanye, kodwa ngaba yeyokwenene? Maxa wambi, kuye kwasetyenziswa iindlela ezingqongqo zokuthoba isantya sokuqhatha. Ngenkulungwane ye-14 omnye umgcini wendlu yabahambi waseJamani waxhonywa ngenxa yokuthengisa iwayini yexabiso eliphantsi esithi yiRüdesheimer yokwenene. Kwiminyaka eli-140 ngaphambi kowe-1832, eBritani, abantu abangaphezu kwama-300 baxhonywa ngenxa yokuqhatha. Ngowe-1597 abantu ababini ababesebenza ngegolide babethelelwa ngeendlebe kumgoqo wokubophelela isela ngenxa yokubhala ngenkohliso umbhalo wegolide ongenaxabiso.
“Umdla ogqithiseleyo wokuthenga wabazisela uchulumanco abathengisi abanganyanisekanga,” utsho uMark Jones, owayesebenza kumboniso owenziwa kwiMyuziyam yaseBritani owawusithi Fake? The Art of Deception. Kwanabona bantu bazi kakuhle baye bangamaxhoba. “Iifosili” zendoda yasePiltdown zabunjwa ibe zakhohlisa ezenzululwazi kangangeminyaka. “Iincwadi zeziganeko zemihla ngemihla” zikaHitler zibubungqina obunamandla bokuba abakhohlisi banako ukuqhatha kwanabo bantu bafanele ukuba banolwazi olungakumbi.
UMark Jones uthi, “Eyona nkohliso yandayo namhlanje, yinkohliso . . . enkulu eyenziwa kwiimpahla ezinophawu.” Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1987, kwathelekelelwa ukuba ukusuka kwi-10 000 ukusa kwi-15 000 leekhompyutha zakwa-Apple zenkohliso zazithengiswa nyanga nganye eUnited States. Kutshanje kuye kwabhencwa inkohliso eyenziwe kwiiglasi zakwaWaterford ezixabisa ama-R90,75 ezigidi. IThe Sunday Times yaseBritani yathi, “Imifanekiselo yeeglasi ezithandwa kakhulu ehlabathini lonke yayisenziwa kumzi-mveliso okwidolophana ekwanti yaseFransi.”
Esi sizukulwana sirhalela ubunewunewu. UVincent Carratu, igqala kwimfazwe nxamnye nokuqhatha uthi, umkhohlisi wezorhwebo “namhlanje uya kuvelisa iziqholo zakwaChanel zobuxoki, ngomso uya kutshintshela kwiihempe ezinxitywa ngabadlali zakwaFila zenkohliso, aze kamva eze namaphini okudlala intenetya akwaDunlop enkohliso.” Nantoni na efunwa ngumthengi, umkhohlisi uyayenza. Kodwa, Iqela Elichasene Nenkohliso laseBritani liyalumkisa, “ngokufuthi . . . iwotshi engayiwayo ‘ethengiswa ngexabiso elithotyiweyo’ lama-[R245] elona xabiso layo lokwenene ngama-[R24,50].”
Inkohliso Esongela Ubomi
IAnti-Counterfeiting News ikwalatha nenye ingxaki, ingozi yempahla zexabiso eliphantsi: “Iimveliso eziyingozi nezomgangatho ophantsi ziyalusongela ngokwenene ukhuseleko lwabathengi.” Esi sisongelo siyingozi kangakanani? ITrademark World inikela le mizekelo: “Iingozi zeenqwelo-moya ezilishumi elinesine nokufa kwabantu ababini ubuncinane kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kubangelwe ziintsimbi zenqwelo-moya zenkohliso.” IBhunga Lesizwe Labathengi laseBritani labhenca indlela amawaka eeplagi zombane ezingekho mgangathweni kunye neesilinda zeziqhoboshi zenqwelo-mafutha zenkohliso ezinerabha zomgangatho ophantsi ezafikelela ngayo kubathengi. Lathi, “Zonke ezi zinto zinokubangela ingozi kubathengi.”
Abona bantu batshelwe zizazela ngabo benza iziyobisi zenkohliso. IQela Elichasene Nenkohliso laseBritani lithi, “Malunga nama-70% azo zonke iziyobisi ezithengiswa kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika zezenkohliso.” Ngokomzekelo, amayeza amehlo afumaneka eNigeria ayengenazo izithako zonyango yaye ayenziwe ngamanzi angcolileyo. Ayesenokubenza iimfama abantu. Ngowe-1987, uMbutho Wezempilo Wehlabathi wathi: “Ukuba abantu baza kuthembela ngamayeza ‘azizibulala-zintsholongwane’ angenazo izibulala-zintsholongwane baza kufa yaye ngoko inkohliso ingumbulali wabantu.”
Kwanemali engamaphepha oyiphetheyo isenokuba yeyenkohliso. Kutshanje, kunyaka omnye kuphela, ngama-539 ezigidi zeerandi zenkohliso ezathinjwa ehlabathini jikelele. Ii-$100 (R275) zenkohliso ezazijikeleza eIreland yayizezomgangatho ophakamileyo “kangangokuba ezili-155 zadluliselwa kuzo zonke iibhanki eziphambili,” itsho njalo iThe Irish Times.
Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uzikhusele ekuqhathweni? Enye ingcaphephe yemicimbi yabathengi ithi, “Olona khuselo lokwenene nxamnye nokukhohliswa kukuba ngumthengi onolwazi.” Yongeza ngelithi: “Ukuba ivakala ngokungathi ilunge gqitha ukuba ibe yinyani, ngoko mhlawumbi injalo.”
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 14]
“Iifosili” zendoda yasePiltdown zaziyinkohliso eyalahlekisa izazinzulu kangangeminyaka