Ziyanda Iintsapho Ezinomzali Omnye

“Ebusuku ndandidla ngokuthandaza kuThixo ndilila ndisithi: ‘Andazi ukuba ndiza kuthini ngomso.’”—UGLORIA, UMAMA ONGENAQABANE ONABANTWANA ABATHATHU.

IINTSAPHO ezinomzali omnye zixhaphakile kwiindawo ezininzi namhlanje.a Iingcali ezihlolisisa inani labemi neengcali kwimicimbi yezentlalo azisazi isizathu sokuba iintsapho eziqhelekileyo ezinomyeni, inkosikazi nabantwana zithatyathelw’ indawo lolunye uhlobo lweentsapho.

Iingcali kwimicimbi yezentlalo uSimon Duncan noRosalind Edwards zithi “iya itshintsha ngokupheleleyo indlela ezisekwe ngayo iintsapho nendlela ajongana ngayo amadoda namabhinqa.” Yintoni ebangela oko? Abanye abakhi mkhanya bathi oku kubangelwa yindlela abantu abakhetha ukuphila ngayo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemeko yezoqoqosho neyezentlalo.

Makhe siqwalasele olunye lolu tshintsho, nokhetho olwenziwa ngabantu. Iingxaki zobomi zinegalelo elikhulu kwindlela abantu abaphila ngayo. Evuka nje umntu, uyachaphazeleka zezi meko. Ixesha elalidla ngokuchithwa kwimibandela yentsapho ngoku lichithwa kwi-Internet, kumabonwakude, emnxebeni, kwinqwelo-mafutha okanye kwezinye izinto.

Enye ingxaki yimeko yezoqoqosho. Yonke into namhlanje ifuna imali, ngenxa yoko abazali abaninzi bayasebenza. Abantu banamhlanje bayakuthanda ukutshintshatshintsha iindawo abasebenza nabahlala kuzo, yaye oku kubangela ukuba amalungu eentsapho ezininzi ahlale aze asebenze kude nezalamane ezidla ngokuwanceda yaye kwezinye iimeko ade ahlale kude nakumaqabane omtshato. Kumazwe amaninzi, iindlela ezixhaphakileyo zokuzonwabisa ziyaluchitha umanyano olubangela imvisiswano emtshatweni nasentsatsheni.b

Oomama Abangenamaqabane Kule Mihla

Xa kuthethwa ngomama ongenaqabane namhlanje akuthethwa ngentombazana ekwishumi elivisayo engatshatanga, ephila ngenkxaso yemali karhulumente. Into yokuba nomntwana ungatshatanga ayiselohlazo namhlanje yaye abantu abadumileyo bayenza ikhangeleke njengento entle. Ngapha koko, amabhinqa amaninzi afundile yaye ayakwazi ukuzixhasa—ngoko akasaxhomekekanga emtshatweni ukuze akwazi ukukhulisa abantwana.

Abanye oomama abangenamaqabane, ingakumbi abo bakhuliswe ngabazali abaqhawule umtshato, bakhetha ukungatshati kuba bengafuni ukuba abantwana babo batyhubele kwintlungu yokushiywa ngumzali. Amanye amabhinqa aba ngoomama abangenamaqabane kungekhona ngenxa yokuzikhethela, kodwa ngenxa yokushiywa ngamaqabane. IJoseph Rowntree Foundation yaseBritani ithi: “Ngokuqhelekileyo, abanye abazali abazikhetheli ukukhulisa abantwana ngaphandle kweqabane ngeenjongo zokuzingca, yaye abantwana babazali abangenamaqabane abasoloko bengahoywanga okanye beziinjubaqa.”

Sekunjalo, ukwanda kweentsapho ezinomzali omnye kuyaxhalabisa, ngenxa yokuba abazali abangenamaqabane kunye nabantwana babo basenokungonwabi, bathwaxwe ziingxaki zezoqoqosho baze babe nezinye iintswelo. Abanye abantu basenokuzibuza enoba umzali ongenaqabane angakwazi kusini na ukukhulisa abantwana bakhe ngokuphumelelayo. Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezilucelomngeni kubazali abangenamaqabane? UmKristu unokuhlangabezana njani nocelomngeni lokukhulisa umntwana engenaqabane?

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 4]

Amabinzana Asetyenziswe Apha

Ehlabathini ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa amabinzana awahlukahlukeneyo ukuchaza oomama abakhulisa abantwana ngaphandle kwamaqabane. Kwamanye amazwe kusetyenziswa ibinzana elithi “umama ongenaqabane” xa kuthethwa ngomama ongazange atshate, ngoxa kwamanye kusetyenziswa elithi “umama ohlala yedwa” elibhekisela kubo bonke oomama abakhulisa abantwana ngaphandle kweqabane eliyindoda. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba abo mama baqhawule umtshato, bahlukene namaqabane abo omtshato, ngabahlolokazi okanye abazange batshate kwaukutshata.

Kolu ngcelele lwamanqaku, sisebenzise ibinzana elithi “umzali ongenaqabane” nelithi “umama ongenaqabane” xa sibhekisela kubazali abakhulisa abantwana ngaphandle kweqabane.

[Ibhokisi/Imaphu ekwiphepha 4, 5]

ABAZALI ABANGENAMAQABANE—BAXHAPHAKILE KUMAZWE AMANINZI

EUnited States: “Phakathi kowe-1970 nowama-2000, inani loomama abangenamaqabane landa ukususela kwizigidi ezi-3 ukusa kwezili-10; yaye kwangelo xesha, nenani lootata abangenamaqabane landa ukususela kuma-393 000 ukusa kwizigidi ezi-2.”—IU.S. Census Bureau.

EMexico: Ngokutsho kwephephandaba iLa Jornada, kubantu abakhulelweyo kwelo lizwe, abamalunga nama-27 ekhulwini ngoomama abakwishumi elivisayo.

EIreland: Iintsapho ezinabazali abangenamaqabane ziye zanda ukususela kwi-5.7 ekhulwini ngowe-1981 ukusa kwi-7.9 ekhulwini ngowe-1991. “Uqhawulo-mtshato lusengoyena nobangela wokubakho koomama abangenamaqabane.”—ISingle Mothers in an International Context, yowe-1997.

EBritani: “Kule minyaka ingama-30 idluleyo, iintsapho ezinomzali ongenaqabane ziye zanda zaya kutsho ngaphaya kwama-25 ekhulwini, nto leyo ebonisa ukwanda koomama abangatshatanga nemitshato eqhawulwayo.”—IThe Times, yaseLondon, kaMatshi 2, 2000.

EFransi: “Ukususela ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, iintsapho ezinomzali omnye ziye zaya kutsho ngaphaya kwama-50 ekhulwini.”—ISingle Mothers in an International Context, yowe-1997.

EJamani: “Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idluleyo, inani labazali abangenamaqabane liye laphindaphindeka kabini. Phantse kuzo zonke ezi ntsapho . . . loo mzali ngumama.”—ISingle Mothers in an International Context, yowe-1997.

EGrisi: “Ukususela ngowe-1980, inani loomama abangatshatanga [eGrisi] liye landa ngama-29.8 ekhulwini. Yaye ngokutsho kohlolisiso olwenziwa yiEuropean Union, ngowe-1997 abantwana abazalwa ngabantu abangatshatanga babesisi-3.3 ekhulwini, ngoxa ngowe-1980 babesisi-1.1 ekhulwini.”—Iphephandaba laseAthene iTa Nea, kaSeptemba 4, 1998.

EJapan: ‘Ukususela ngeminyaka yee-1970, ziye zanda iintsapho ezinomzali omnye.’ Ngowe-1997, kwiintsapho ezili-17 ekhulwini bekukho umama kuphela.—ISingle Mothers in an International Context, yowe-1997; iThe World’s Women 2000: Trends and Statistics.

EOstreliya: Umntwana om-1 kwaba-4 akahlali nabazali bakhe bobabini. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa luqhawulo-mtshato okanye ukuxabana kwabazali. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwisithuba seminyaka engama-25, iintsapho ezinomzali omnye ziza kwanda ngama-30 ukusa kuma-66 ekhulwini.—IAustralian Bureau of Statistics.