Ngaba Imilinganiselo Yokuphila Iyawohloka?
ESONA sipho sixabisekileyo sinokudluliselwa ngabazali kubantwana babo luthando lwabo olugqibeleleyo nemilinganiselo yokuphila, leyo banganeli nje ukufundisa abantwana babo ngayo kodwa nabo baphile ngayo.
Xa imilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokuphila ingekho, ubomi buba nzima. Imilinganiselo ibangela ubomi bube nentsingiselo. Yenza umntu azazi izinto eziza kuqala ebomini. Ibangela umntu akwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle yaye abe nesimilo.
Sekunjalo, imilinganiselo emininzi esekelwe kwisithethe iguquka ngesantya esiphakamileyo. Ngokomzekelo, uNjingalwazi Ronald Inglehart uthi “imilinganiselo yabantu ngokuphathelele isini ibanika inkululeko yokuzifica ngesini nokuzingca.” Kuhlolisiso lukaGallup olwenziwa ngowe-1997 kumazwe ali-16, kwabuzwa abemi oko bakucingayo ngokuphathelele ukuzalwa kwabantwana ngaphandle kweqhina lomtshato. UGallup uthi: “Abantu abayamkelayo le ndlela intsha yokuphila baba ngama-90% nangaphezulu kwimimandla ekumazwe aseNtshona Yurophu ukanti eSingapore naseIndiya baba ngaphantsi kwe-15%.”
Abanye bayiqhwabel’ izandla le nkululeko intsha ngokuphathelele isini. Noko ke, incwadana ethi, The Rise of Government and the Decline of Morality, ebhalwe nguJames A. Dorn, ithi “ukwanda kwabantwana abazelwe ngaphandle kweqhina lomtshato” kunye “nokuqhekeka kweentsapho” “ngumqondiso wokuwohloka kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha.”
Eminye Imilinganiselo Ewohlokayo
Neminye imilinganiselo ekudala ikho iyawohloka. IWorld Values Survey, eyayiququzelelwa nguNjingalwazi Inglehart, ithi kumazwe afumileyo “iya iphela intlonelo ngegunya.”
Enye into ebigqalwa njengomlinganiselo wokuphila, kukuzibhokoxa emsebenzini. Noko ke, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba nalo mlinganiselo uyawohloka. EUnited States, iNational Federation of Independent Business yenza uphando kubaqeshi abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi. “Abangama-31 ekhulwini kwabo kwakubuzwa kubo bathi kunzima ukufumana abaqeshwa, yaye abangama-21 ekhulwini bathi indlela abasebenza ngayo abantu ayikho mgangathweni.” Omnye umqeshi uthi: “Kuya kusiba nzima ukufumana abasebenzi abeza emsebenzini yonke imihla, abafika ngexesha nabafika benganxilanga.”
Into enokuba negalelo kule ngxaki yimeko yezoqoqosho. Njengoko ingeniso yeshishini isihla, abaqeshi banokunciphisa inani labasebenzi okanye baphelise amalungelo athile ebefudula exhamlwa ngabasebenzi. Ulindixesha obizwa ngokuba yiEthics & Behavior uthi: “Abasebenzi abakubonayo oku kunganyaniseki nokungabikho kwesiqinisekiso sokuhlala emsebenzini baye baqalise ukurhuq’ iinyawo. Abazibhokoxi emsebenzini ngenxa yokuba basenokugxothwa nakusasa.”
Enye inkalo ekuye kwaphawuleka kuyo ukuwohloka kwemilinganiselo yokuphila, sisimilo nenkcubeko. Uhlolisiso olwenziwe eOstreliya lwabonisa ukuba: “Abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-87.7% bathi bakrwada abantu abasebenza eziofisini.” Kuhlolisiso olwenziwe koosomashishini abavunyiweyo baseUnited States, “abangama-80 ekhulwini bathi buya busanda ubukrwada kwezoshishino.” Ngokutsho kweziko leendaba iCNN, “ukungabi nankathalo ngabathengi kuye kwaxhaphaka gqitha kangangokuba malunga nesiqingatha sabantu ekuye kwabuzwa uluvo lwabo ngalo mbandela bathi kunyaka ophelileyo baye baphuma bahamba evenkileni bengathenganga ngenxa yokungakhathalelwa. Isiqingatha sabo sithi sidla ngokuva abantu bethetha kwii-cellular phones bekhwaza okanye bephazamisa abanye. Yaye abaqhubi bezithuthi abathandathu kwabali-10 bathi badla ngokubona abantu abaqhuba kakubi okanye ngokungakhathali.”
Buxabiseke Kangakanani Ubomi Bomntu?
Kwezinye iimeko, abantu bathi bayayihlonela “imilinganiselo” ethile, kodwa izenzo zabo zibonisa okwahlukileyo koko bakuthethayo. Ngokomzekelo, i-Institute for Global Ethics yenza uhlolisiso kubameli bamazwe angama-40. Phakathi kweyona “milinganiselo ibalulekileyo” mihlanu, abangama-40 ekhulwini bakhankanya “intlonelo ngobomi.”a
Noko ke, yintoni eyenzekayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla? Ngokuqinisekileyo, amazwe ahambele phambili kwezoqoqosho anayo indlela yokuphelisa ukucinezeleka kwabantu. Kodwa incwadi ebhalwe nguCarol Bellamy, ongumalathisi oyintloko weUnited Nations Children’s Fund, yathi ngowe-1998, “kubantwana abamalunga nezigidi ezili-12 abafayo nyaka ngamnye, abangaphezu kwesiqingatha kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu abahlala kumazwe asakhasayo” babulawa kukungondleki, “yaye akuzange kufe abantu abaninzi ngolo hlobo ukususela ngexesha loKufa Okumnyama okwabulala izigidi zabantu eYurophu kwinkulungwane ye-14.” Ezo ngxelo ziyothusa kuye nabani na onoxabiso ngobomi bomntu. Lo kaBellamy uthi: “Ukanti, le ngxaki yokungondleki ithwaxa lonke ihlabathi ayikhange ibangele nkxalabo ebantwini, nangona kukho ubungqina obucacileyo obubonisa ubungozi bale meko. Kunikelwa ingqalelo kakhulu kushishino lwehlabathi kunokuba kunikelwe ingqalelo kubungozi bokungondleki—okanye kwiingenelo zokutya ukutya okunezondlo.”
Enye imbono egqwethekileyo ngobomi ibonakala kwezonyango. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1970, umntwana ozelwe emva kweeveki ezingama-23 esesibelekweni wayengafane aphile. Namhlanje, baqikelelwa kuma-40 ekhulwini abantwana abazelwe ngaphambi kwexesha abaye baphile emva kokuba bezelwe. Noko ke, into efik’ ixake kukuba, nyaka ngamnye, ehlabathini lonke zithelekelelwa kwizigidi ezingama-40 ukusa kwezingama-60 iimveku eziqhomfwayo! Inkoliso yezi mveku, zingaphantsi kancinane kwiimveku ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ezo oogqirha bazabalazela ukusindis’ ubomi bazo! Ngaba ezi ngxelo zingasentla azibonisi ukudideka okungummangaliso kwindlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo?
Abantu Bafuna Ulwalathiso Ngokuphathelele Imigaqo Yokuziphatha
Xa yabuzwa ukuba, “Yiyiphi eyona nto ingabalulekanga kakhulu ebomini?” inkoliso yabantu ekwakubuzwa kubo ngumbutho kaGallup yathi “ukunyaniseka kunqulo” yenye yezona zinto zimbini zingabalulekanga ebomini. Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba, inani labantu abahamba icawa lincipha ngokuncipha. UNjingalwazi Inglehart uthi impumelelo ekhoyo kumazwe aseNtshona iye “yenza abantu baziva benqabiseke ngeyona ndlela” yaye oku “kuye kwabangela abantu abayibona imfuneko yentuthuzelo eyayifudula ifumaneka kunqulo.”
Abantu abasenantembelo kunqulo kanye njengokuba bengasenantembelo eBhayibhileni. Kolunye uhlolisiso olwenziwe ehlabathini jikelele, abantu babuzwa ukuba ngubani abamthembayo ngokuphathelele imilinganiselo echanileyo yokuziphatha. Abantu abaninzi bathi bathembele kwiziqu zabo. Ingxelo yolu hlolisiso ibonisa ukuba “ilizwi likaThixo lagqalwa njengelo liza kwindawo yesibini nelingabalulekanga kangako.”
Yiloo nto ke ibangela ukuba imilinganiselo yokuphila iwohloke! Ukungabikho kolwalathiso ngokuphathelele imigaqo yokuziphatha, ukuthanda izinto eziphathekayo nokuzingca, kuye kwangunobangela wokubawa nokungabi nankathalo ngendlela abavakalelwa ngayo abanye. Ziziphi izinto abaye baphulukana nazo abantu ngenxa yolu tshintsho?
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, iUnited Nations yamkela iUniversal Declaration of Human Rights. IGatya loku-1 lesi Sindululo lithi: “Bonke abantu bazalwa bekhululekile, benamawonga namalungelo alinganayo.”
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 4, 5]
Iinkalo ezibonisa ukuwohloka kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kukuqhekeka kweentsapho, ukungabi nankathalo kwabasebenzi nobukrwada babantu
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 6]
Izigidi zeemveku, ezingaphantsi kancinane kolu sana luzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ziyaqhomfwa nyaka ngamnye