Ukuthwaxwa Kukudodobala Kwezoqoqosho
“OKONA kudodobala kwezoqoqosho kwakha kwaqatha kwimihla yethu.” IEncyclopædia Britannica Online yakuchaza ngolo hlobo ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho okusandul’ ukuthwaxa ihlabathi. Ukuwa kwezoqoqosho okwaqala eUnited States ngowama-2007 bekuqatha yaye kuye kwachaphazela amazwe amaninzi kangangokuba kude kwakhumbuza abantu abaninzi ngokudodobala kwezoqoqosho okwenzeka ngeminyaka yee-1930.
Kubangelwe yintoni? Iphephancwadi iNewsweek lisichaza ngamagama alula isizathu, lisithi: “Kukuvula amatyala ongenandlela yakuwahlawula.” Kodwa kwakutheni ukuze abantu baboleke imali yokuthenga izinto ngetyala nangona babengenandlela yokuhlawula?
Mhlawumbi nawe uyavuma ukuba oko kwabangelwa yinkqubo yezoqoqosho yeli hlabathi ekhuthaza ukunyoluka. Eyona nto yayixelelwa abantu kukuba: “Thengani! Thengani! Thengani! enoba niza kukwazi ukuhlawula okanye akunjalo.” Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The New Frugality, uChris Farrell oyingcali yezoqoqosho uthi: “Isizukulwana sethu siye safunda isifundo esibuhlungu ngeengozi zokuba namatyala amaninzi.”
Ezoqoqosho zamazwe amaninzi zawa ngenxa yoku kudodobala kwezoqoqosho kwehlabathi. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, inqaku eliphambili kwiphephandaba laseMzantsi Afrika iSunday Times lathi: “Nangona kubonakala ngathi izinto ziyatshintsha kwakhona, abantu . . . basakufumanisa kunzima ukondla iintsapho zabo.” Eli phephandaba lathi “abantu [baseMzantsi Afrika] abamalunga nezi-3 000 000 baneenyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu bengawahlawuli amatyala abo; yaye abantu abakumgangatho ophakathi abamalunga nama-250 000 baye baphelelwa yimisebenzi kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.”
Bangamashumi ezigidi abantu abaye balahlekelwa yimisebenzi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Xa ithetha ngamathemba okutshintsha kwezinto eUnited States, iFinancial Times yathi: “Inkoliso yabantu iye yaphoxeka kuba ibicinga ukuba izinto ziza kuba bhetele ukususela ngoJuni 2009.” Eli phepha lahlabela mgama lisithi: “Iingcali zezoqoqosho ezininzi zicinga ukuba kuseza kukhe kudlule iminyaka eliqela abantu bengathengi kakhulu ize nemeko yezoqoqosho ime ndawonye kuba abantu beza kube behlawula amatyala abo.”
Ukuba nawe uye walixhoba lokuwa kwezoqoqosho, ngokuqinisekileyo uyavumelana noko kwabhalwa ngumbhali uDavid Beart, xa wathi: “Kubonakala ngathi kuthethwa kakhulu ngeengxaki zezoqoqosho zeli hlabathi kunokuba kuthethwe ngendlela yokuzicombulula.”
La manqaku alandelayo abhalelwe ukunceda abantu abaneengxaki zamatyala. Kuza kuphendulwa le mibuzo: Ziziphi iingenelo zokonga imali? Yintoni onokuyenza xa unamatyala? Unokukwazi njani ukuyisebenzisa kakuhle imali yakho?