Isahluko Seshumi Elinesihlanu

Ookumkani Abangquzulanayo Bangena Kwinkulungwane Yama-20

1. Omnye umbhali-mbali uthi yayingoobani ababekhokela kwiYurophu yenkulungwane ye-19?

UMBHALI-MBALI uNorman Davies ubhala esithi: “IYurophu yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ibibalasele kwizinto ezininzi kunanini na ngaphambili.” Walek’ umsundulo esithi: “IYurophu ibikhonya kunanini na ngaphambili: kwezobugcisa, kwezoqoqosho, kwezenkcubeko nakwimicimbi yamanye amazwekazi.” UDavies uthi ilizwe elalitshatshele “‘kwinkulungwane yokusukuzana ngegunya’ ekuqaleni yayiyiBritani . . . kwaza kumashumi eminyaka amva yayiJamani.”

‘BATYEKELE EKWENZENI OKUBI’

2. Njengoko inkulungwane ye-19 yayiphela, ngawaphi amagunya awaba ‘ngukumkani wasemntla’ ‘nokumkani wasemzantsi’?

² Njengoko inkulungwane ye-19 yayisondela esiphelweni, uBukhosi baseJamani baba ‘ngukumkani wasemntla’ yaza iBritani yaba ‘ngukumkani wasemzantsi.’ (Daniyeli 11:14, 15) Ingelosi kaYehova yathi: “Aba kumkani babini baya kuhlala phantsi etafileni enye, babhunge, iintliziyo zabo zityekele ebubini, bekhohlisana.” Yahlabela mgama isithi: “Kodwa abayi kuphumelela, kuba isiphelo sesexesha elimisiweyo.”—Daniyeli 11:27.

3, 4. (a) Yayingubani umlawuli wokuqala woBukhosi baseJamani, ibe bubuphi ubuhlobo awabakhayo? (b) Yiyiphi inkqubo eyalandelwa nguKaiser Wilhelm?

³ NgoJanuwari 18, 1871, uWilhelm I waba ngumlawuli wokuqala woBukhosi baseJamani. Wabeka uOtto von Bismarck njengenkulumbuso. Ejonge ukwakha ubukhosi obutsha, uBismarck wakuphepha ukulwa namanye amazwe waza wenza isivumelweno neAustria-Hungary neItali, esasibizwa ngokuba yiTriple Alliance. Kodwa kungabanga thuba lide zangquzulana iimbono zalo kumkani wasemntla omtsha nezokumkani wasemzantsi.

⁴ Emva kokufa kukaWilhelm I nowangena esihlalweni sakhe, uFrederick III, ngowe-1888, isihlalo sobukhosi sathatyathwa nguWilhelm II owayeneminyaka engama-29 ubudala. UWilhelm II, okanye uKaiser Wilhelm, wanyanzela uBismarck ukuba arhoxe esihlalweni sakhe waza waqalisa ukwandisa impembelelo yeJamani ehlabathini lonke. Omnye umbhali-mbali uthi: “Xa yayiphantsi kukaWilhelm II, [iJamani] yaqalisa ukuzingca yaza yaneengcwangu.”

5. Aba kumkani babini bahlala njani ‘etafileni enye,’ ibe yintoni eyayibadibanisa apho?

⁵ Xa uCzar Nicholas II waseRashiya wabiza inkomfa yokukhuthaza uxolo eThe Hague, eNetherlands, ngoAgasti 24, 1898, amazwe ayejongene ngezikhondo zamehlo. Kule nkomfa nakwenye eyalandelayo ngowe-1907 kwasekwa iPermanent Court of Arbitration (iNkundla Esisigxina Yokulamla) eThe Hague. UBukhosi baseJamani kunye neBritani zabonakala ngathi ziyaluxhasa uxolo ekubeni zazingamalungu ale nkundla. Zazihlala “etafileni enye,” zisenza ngathi zingabahlobo, ngoxa ‘intliziyo yazo yayityekele ebubini.’ Iqhinga loonozakuzaku ‘lokuthetha ubuxoki etafileni enye’ alizange likhuthaze uxolo lokwenene. Phofu ke iminqweno yabo yezobupolitika, yezorhwebo neyezomkhosi ‘ayizange iphumelele’ kuba isiphelo saba kumkani babini ‘isesexesha elimisiweyo’ nguYehova uThixo.

“NXAMNYE NOMNQOPHISO ONGCWELE”

6, 7. (a) Kungayiphi indlela awathi ukumkani wasemntla ‘wabuyela elizweni lakhe’? (b) Ukumkani wasemzantsi wasabela njani akubona ukumkani wasemntla enempembelelo engakumbi?

⁶ Ihlabela mgama, ingelosi kaThixo yathi: “Wobuyela ke [ukumkani wasemntla] ezweni lakhe enempahla eninzi, kodwa intliziyo yakhe iya kuwuchasa umnqophiso ongcwele. Kwaye uya kuphumelela kuko oko, andule ke ukubuyela ezweni lakhe.”—Daniyeli 11:28.

⁷ UKaiser Wilhelm wabuyela ‘kwilizwe,’ okanye kwimeko yasemhlabeni, yokumkani wasemntla wamandulo. Njani? Ngokwakha ulawulo olunjongo yalo ikukukhulisa uBukhosi baseJamani aze andise impembelelo yabo. UWilhelm II wazenzela amathanga eAfrika nakwezinye iindawo. Ezimisele ukucel’ umngeni ulongamo lweBritani elwandle, waqalisa ukugaya umkhosi onamandla waselwandle. IThe New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi: “Amandla omkhosi waselwandle waseJamani asuka kokungeni aza aba ngawesibini emva kweBritani kwithuba elingaphezulu nje kancinane kwiminyaka elishumi.” Nayo izimisele ukuhlala yongamile, iBritani yawandisa umkhosi wayo waselwandle. IBritani yaba nothethathethwano oluphathelele ientente cordiale (isivumelwano sobuhlobo) neFransi kunye neRashiya kwaza kwasungulwa iTriple Entente. Ngoku iYurophu yayahlulelene kubini—iyiTriple Alliance ngapha ize ibe yiTriple Entente ngaphaya.

8. UBukhosi baseJamani baba nazo njani ‘iimpahla ezininzi’?

⁸ UBukhosi baseJamani baqhubeka buhlasela amanye amazwe, ibe loo nto yabangela ukuba iJamani ifumane ‘impahla eninzi’ ekubeni iyiyo eyayikhonya kwiTriple Alliance. IAustria-Hungary neItali zazingamazwe amaRoma Katolika. Ngenxa yoko, iTriple Alliance yaxhaswa nangupopu, ngoxa ukumkani wasemzantsi, kunye naloo Triple Entente yakhe, ubukhulu becala eyayiwachasile amaKatolika, engazange axhaswe.

9. Kungayiphi indlela eyathi intliziyo yokumkani wasemntla ‘yanxamnye nomnqophiso ongcwele’?

⁹ Kuthekani ngabantu bakaYehova? Kwakusele kukudala bevakalisa ukuba “amaxesha amisiweyo eentlanga” ayeza kuphela ngowe-1914.a (Luka 21:24) Ngaloo nyaka, uBukumkani bukaThixo bamiselwa emazulwini, bulawulwa yiNdlalifa kaKumkani uDavide, uYesu Kristu. (2 Samuweli 7:12-16; Luka 22:28, 29) Emva phayaa ngoMatshi 1880, iphephancwadi IMboniselo (yesiNgesi) lanxibelelanisa ulawulo loBukumkani bukaThixo kunye nesiphelo ‘samaxesha amisiweyo eentlanga,’ okanye “samaxesha eeNtlanga.” (King James Version) Kodwa intliziyo yokumkani wasemntla ongumJamani ‘yawuchasa umnqophiso ongcwele.’ Kunokuba alwamkele ulawulo loBukumkani, uKaiser Wilhelm ‘waphumelela’ ngokuqhubeka namaqhinga akhe okufuna ukulawula ihlabathi. Noko ke, ngokwenjenjalo waqhwaya IMfazwe Yehlabathi I.

UKUMKANI ‘UYADAKUMBA’ EMFAZWENI

10, 11. Yaqalisa njani iMfazwe Yehlabathi I, ibe yaqhambuka “ngexesha elimisiweyo” ngayiphi indlela?

¹⁰ Ingelosi yaxela kwangaphambili isithi: “Ngexesha elimisiweyo [ukumkani wasemntla] uya kubuya kwakhona ahlasele elasemzantsi; kodwa akasayi kuphumelela njengasekuqaleni.” (Daniyeli 11:29) ‘Ixesha elimisiweyo’ likaThixo elaliza kuphela ngalo ulawulo lweeNtlanga emhlabeni lafika ngowe-1914 xa wamisela uBukumkani basezulwini. NgoJuni 28 waloo nyaka, iTshawe uFrancis Ferdinand waseOstriya kunye nomkalo bagwintwa ngumgrogrisi waseSerbia eSarajevo, eBosnia. Yaba ke iyaqalisa iMfazwe Yehlabathi I.

¹¹ UKaiser Wilhelm wathofiyela iAustria-Hungary ukuba iziphindezele kwiSerbia. Iqinisekile ukuba iJamani iza kuyixhasa, ngoJulayi 28, 1914, iAustria-Hungary yahlasela iSerbia. Kodwa iRashiya yayixhasa iSerbia. Xa iJamani yafunz’ esiqwini kwiRashiya, iFransi (eyayilihlakani leTriple Entente) yema neRashiya. Hay’ ke iJamani yafunza kwiFransi. Ukuze ingene lula eParis, iJamani yahlasela iBelgium, eyayiqinisekiswe yiBritani ukuba ayithabathi cala kule nquleqhu. Kuthe kwakuba njalo ke iBritani yafunza kwiJamani. Nezinye iintlanga zangenelela, ibe i-Itali yachasana namahlakani ayo. Ebudeni bemfazwe, iBritani yenza iYiputa yalilizwe eliphantsi kokhuselo lwayo ukuze ithintele ukumkani wasemntla anganqumli uMjelo weSuez aze ahlasele iYiputa, ilizwe elalifudula lingukumkani wasemzantsi ngaphambili.

12. Ebudeni bemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, kungayiphi indlela ezathi izinto ‘azaba njengasekuqaleni’?

¹² IThe World Book Encyclopedia, ithi: “Nangona la Mazwe Amanyeneyo ayemakhulu yaye enamandla, iJamani yabonakala isondele ekuliphumeleleni elo dabi.” Kwiimfazwe zangaphambilana ezaziphakathi kwaba kumkani babini, uBukhosi baseRoma, obabungukumkani wasemntla, babusoloko busoyisa. Kodwa ngoku ‘kwakungayi kuba njengasekuqaleni.’ Ukumkani wasemntla woyiswa kule mfazwe. Ichaza isizathu soko, ingelosi yathi: “Ziya kuza kuye iinqanawa zaseKitim, zimxine, ade adakumbe.” (Daniyeli 11:30a) Ziziphi ezi “nqanawa zaseKitim”?

13, 14. (a) Ubukhulu becala yayizezaphi “iinqanawa zaseKitim” ezahlasela ukumkani wasemntla? (b) Zafika njani inqanawa zaseKitim ezingakumbi njengoko imfazwe yokuqala yehlabathi yayiqhubeka?

¹³ Ngomhla kaDaniyeli iKitim yayiyiSipro. Ngasekuqaleni kwemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, iSipro yathinjwa yiBritani. Ngaphezu koko, ngokutsho kweThe Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, igama elithi Kitim “liye liquke [neNtshona] iphela, ngokukodwa [iNtshona] egudle ulwandle.” INew International Version iguqulele ibinzana elithi “iinqanawa zaseKitim” ngokuthi “iinqanawa zemimandla yasentshona egudle ulwandle.” Ebudeni bemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, iinqanawa zaseKitim zangqineka, ubukhulu becala, izezaseBritani ezazimi ngakunxweme olukwintshona yeYurophu.

¹⁴ Njengoko le mfazwe yayiqhubeka, uMkhosi Waselwandle waseBritani womelezwa ziinqanawa ezingakumbi zaseKitim. NgoMeyi 7, 1915, inkwili yaseJamani iU-20 yazikisa inqanawa eyayithwele abantu iLusitania kunxweme olusemzantsi weIreland. Phakathi kwabo bafayo kwakukho abemi baseMerika abali-128. Kamva, iJamani yagqugqisa nakwiAtlantiki ngeenkwili zayo. Ekugqibeleni, ngoAprili 6, 1917, uMongameli waseUnited States uWoodrow Wilson wafunza umkhosi wakhe kwiJamani. Exhaswa ziinqanawa zaselwandle nangamajoni aseUnited States, ukumkani wasemzantsi—ngoku owayesele eliGunya Lehlabathi LamaNgesi NamaMerika—waziphosa nofele kulo kumkani wayelutshaba lwakhe.

15. ‘Wadakumba’ nini ukumkani wasemntla?

¹⁵ Ephethelw’ imbengwana liGunya Lehlabathi LamaNgesi NamaMerika, ukumkani wasemntla ‘wadakumba’ waza waxhom’ izandla ngoNovemba 1918. UWilhelm II wabhacela eNetherlands, ibe iJamani yaba yiriphabliki. Kodwa ke wayeseza kubuya ukumkani wasemntla.

UKUMKANI WENZA ‘UYAPHUMELELA’

16. Ngokutsho kwesiprofeto, ukumkani wasemntla wayeza kusabela njani akoyiswa?

¹⁶ “Ekubuyeni kwakhe [ukumkani wasemntla] uya kuwuqalekisa umnqophiso ongcwele, kwaye uya kuphumelela; asuke azimanye nabo bawushiyileyo umnqophiso ongcwele.” (Daniyeli 11:30b) Yaprofeta yatsho ingelosi, yaye kwaba njalo kanye.

17. Yintoni eyakhokelela ekubeni uAdolf Hitler aqalise ukulawula?

¹⁷ Emva kwemfazwe, ngowe-1918, aMazwe Amanyeneyo awoyisayo enza isivumelwano sokohlwaya iJamani. AmaJamani ayevakalelwa kukuba noko eso sivumelwano sasiqatha, kwaye loo riphabliki intsha yaba buthathaka kwazisuka nje. IJamani yatsala nzima kangangeminyaka ethile yaza yakrwitshwa kukuDodobala Okukhulu Kwezoqoqosho okwathi ekugqibeleni kwashiya abazizigidi ezithandathu bengenamsebenzi. Ngasebutsheni beminyaka yee-1930, uAdolf Hitler wayesele esitsha ziintambo. Waba yinkulumbuso ngoJanuwari wowe-1933 waza kunyaka olandelayo waba ngumongameli woko amaNazi ayekubiza ngokuba buBukhosi Besithathu.b

18. UHitler ‘waphumelela’ ngayiphi indlela?

¹⁸ Zisuka nje emva kokuthabath’ iintambo, uHitler wawuhlasela ngolunya “umnqophiso ongcwele,” owawumelwe ngabazalwana abathanjisiweyo bakaYesu Kristu. (Mateyu 25:40) Oku wakwenza ‘ngokuphumelelayo’ nxamnye namaKristu anyanisekileyo, elutshutshisa ngenkohlakalo uninzi lwawo. UHitler wenza inkqubela kuqoqosho nakuzakuzo, yaye ‘waphumelela’ nalapho. Kwiminyaka nje engephi, wayenza iJamani yaligunya elibalwa phakathi kwamagunya ehlabathi.

19. Ngubani owarhwetyeshwa nguHitler xa wayefuna inkxaso?

¹⁹ UHitler ‘wanikela ingqalelo kwabo bawushiyayo umnqophiso ongcwele.’ Yayingoobani abo? Ngokutsho kobungqina, ziinkokeli zeNgqobhoko ezazizibanga zenze umnqophiso noThixo kodwa ziyekile ukuba ngabafundi bakaYesu Kristu. UHitler waphumelela ekugayeni inkxaso ‘yabo bawushiyayo umnqophiso ongcwele.’ Ngokomzekelo, wenza isivumelwano nopopu eRoma. Ngowe-1935, uHitler waseka iSebe Lemicimbi YeeCawa. Enye into awayenosukelo lwayo yayikukufaka iicawa zeVangeli phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente.

“IINGALO” ZIPHUMA KUKUMKANI

20. Ziziphi “iingalo” ezasetyenziswa ngukumkani wasemntla, ibe wayezisebenzisa nxamnye nabani?

²⁰ Kungekudala uHitler waqubul’ iintonga, njengoko ngokuchanileyo ingelosi yayixele kwangaphambili isithi: “Iingalo zakhe zosuka ziyihlambele ingcwele, inqaba, ziwuphelise umbingelelo owenziwa rhoqo.” (Daniyeli 11:31a) “Iingalo” ngumkhosi owasetyenziswa ngukumkani wasemntla xa wayesilwa nokumkani wasemzantsi kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. NgoSeptemba 1, 1939, “iingalo” zamaNazi zahlasela iPoland. Kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva, ngelokunceda iPoland, iBritani neFransi zayihlasela iJamani. Hay’ ke yasuka IMfazwe Yehlabathi II. IPoland yangqulwa phantsi ngoko nangoko, kwaza kungekudala emva koko, imikhosi yaseJamani yathimba iDenmark, iNorway, iNetherlands, iBelgium, iLuxembourg neFransi. IThe World Book Encyclopedia ithi: “Wathi uphela owe-1941, yabe iJamani yamaNazi ikhonya kwelo zwekazi.”

21. Izinto zamjikela njani ukumkani wasemntla ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ibe waba yintoni umphumo?

²¹ Nangona iJamani yayenze iSivumelwano Sobuhlobo, Sentsebenziswano, Nesokumiswa Kwemida neSoviet Union, uHitler wawuhlasela ummandla waseRashiya ngoJuni 22, 1941. Loo nto yabangela ukuba iSoviet Union ime kwicala leBritani. Umkhosi waseRashiya waxhathisa kwema ngawo nangona umkhosi waseJamani wawukhe wawududula ngamandla ngaphambilana. NgoDisemba 6, 1941, umkhosi waseJamani enyanisweni woyiswa eMoscow. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ihlakani leJamani, iJapan, laqhushumbisa iZibuko iPearl, eHawaii. Uthe akuva oku, uHitler waxelela amaphakathi akhe esithi: “Ngoku asinakoyiswa kule mfazwe.” NgoDisemba 11 ngobutyhakala wafunza umkhosi wakhe kwiUnited States. Kodwa ke kwathi kanti akawaqondanga amandla eSoviet Union neUnited States. Ekubeni umkhosi waseRashiya wawufunze kuye uvela ngasempuma, nowaseBritani nowaseMerika usondela uvela ngasentshona, uHitler womelwa ngumqa ephinini. Imikhosi yaseJamani yaqalisa ukududulwa ngokududulwa. Emva kokuba uHitler ezibulele, iJamani yatarhuzisa kuMazwe Amanyeneyo, ngoMeyi 7, 1945.

22. Kungayiphi indlela awathi ukumkani wasemntla ‘wahlambela ingcwele waza wasusa nombingelelo owenziwa rhoqo’?

²² Ingelosi yathi: “[Iingalo zamaNazi] zosuka ziyihlambele ingcwele, inqaba, ziwuphelise umbingelelo owenziwa rhoqo.” Kwilizwe lamandulo lakwaYuda ingcwele yayiyinxalenye yetempile eyayiseYerusalem. Noko ke, xa amaYuda amhesha okomshologu uYesu, uYehova wawalahla kunye naloo tempile yawo. (Mateyu 23:37–24:2) Ukususela ngenkulungwane yokuqala yeXesha lethu Eliqhelekileyo, itempile kaYehova ibiyeyokomoya, ibe ingcwele yengcwele yayo ibingamazulu yaye intendelezo yokomoya isemhlabeni, apho bakhonza khona abazalwana abathanjisiweyo bakaYesu, uMbingeleli Omkhulu. Ukususela ngeminyaka yee-1930, “isihlwele esikhulu” siye sanqula kunye nentsalela ethanjisiweyo ibe ngoko kuthiwa sikhonza ‘kwitempile kaThixo.’ (ISityhilelo 7:9, 15; 11:1, 2; Hebhere 9:11, 12, 24) Kumazwe awayephantsi kwakhe, ukumkani wasemntla wayihlambela intendelezo esemhlabeni yetempile ngokuyitshutshisa ngokungenalusini intsalela ethanjisiweyo namaqabane ayo. Le ntshutshiso yayiqatha kangangokuba “umbingelelo owenziwa rhoqo”—idini lendumiso eyenziwa ekuhleni kwigama likaYehova—wasuswa. (Hebhere 13:15) Noko ke, kunzima kunjalo, amaKristu athanjisiweyo athembekileyo ekunye “nezinye izimvu” aqhubeka eshumayela ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II.—Yohane 10:16.

‘KUBEKWA INTO ELIZOTHE’

23. Yayiyintoni “into elizothe” ngenkulungwane yokuqala?

²³ Xa imfazwe yehlabathi yesibini yayisiya ngasekupheleni, kwenzeka enye into, kanye njengokuba ingelosi kaThixo yayixele kwangaphambili. “Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kubeka into elizothe lesiphanziso.” (Daniyeli 11:31b) NoYesu wayethethile ‘ngento elizothe.’ Ngenkulungwane yokuqala, yayingumkhosi wamaRoma owafika eYerusalem ngowama-66 C.E. uye kuphelisa imvukelo yamaYuda.c—Mateyu 24:15; Daniyeli 9:27.

24, 25. (a) Iyintoni “into elizothe” kule mihla? (b) Le ‘nto elizothe yabekwa’ nini yaye njani?

²⁴ Yiyiphi “into elizothe” eye ‘yabekwa’ kule mihla yethu? Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngumhanahanisi ‘olizothe’ ozenza uBukumkani bukaThixo. YayiluManyano Lwezizwe ke olo, irhamncwa elimfusi elangena enzonzobileni, okanye layeka ukuba ngumbutho olwela uxolo lwehlabathi, ekuqhambukeni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. (ISityhilelo 17:8) Noko ke, eli ‘rhamncwa laliza kunyuka liphume enzonzobileni.’ Ibe lenjenjalo xa, ngo-Oktobha 24, 1945, kwasungulwa iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, ezazinamalungu angama-50 kuquka nelo lalisakuba yiSoviet Union. Ngaloo ndlela “into elizothe” eyaxelwa yingelosi kwangaphambili—iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo—yabekwa.

²⁵ IJamani iye yalolona tshaba luphambili lokumkani wasemzantsi ebudeni bezi mfazwe zimbini kwaye ibingukumkani wasemntla. Ibe ngubani oza kuthabath’ indawo yayo?

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

UZUZE NTONI?

• Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, ngawaphi amagunya awaba ngukumkani wasemntla nokumkani wasemzantsi?

• Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi I, kungayiphi indlela olwathi ungquzulwano olwaluphakathi kwaba kumkani babini ‘alwaba njengasekuqaleni’ kukumkani wasemntla?

• Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, uHitler wayenza njani iJamani yaligunya elinokubalwa phakathi kwamagunya aphambili ehlabathi?

• Waba yintoni umphumo wobutshaba obabuphakathi kokumkani wasemntla nokumkani wasemzantsi ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II?

[Isicangca/Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 268]

OOKUMKANI ABAKUDANIYELI 11:27-31

[Umfanekiso]

UMongameli uWoodrow Wilson noKumkani uGeorge V

[Umfanekiso]

AmaKristu amaninzi atshutshiswa kwiinkampu zoxinaniso

[Umfanekiso]

Iinkokeli zeNgqobhoko zazixhasa uHitler

[Umfanekiso]

Inqwelo-mafutha elagwintelwa kuyo iTshawe uFerdinand

[Umfanekiso]

Amajoni aseJamani, ngeMfazwe Yehlabathi I

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 257]

EYalta ngowe-1945, iNkulumbuso yaseBritani uWinston Churchill, uMongameli waseUnited States uFranklin D. Roosevelt kunye neNkulumbuso yaseRashiya uJoseph Stalin bavumelana ngamalungiselelo okuthimba iJamani, bamise urhulumente omtsha ePoland, baze babize ingqungquthela ukuze kusekwe iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 258]

1. ITshawe uFerdinand 2. Umkhosi waselwandle waseJamani 3. Umkhosi waselwandle waseBritani 4. I-“Lusitania” 5. Isindululo SeUnited States sokungenelela kwimfazwe

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 263]

UAdolf Hitler waziva eqinisekile ukuba uyiphumelele imfazwe emva kokuba ihlakani leJamani eliyiJapan liqhushumbise iZibuko iPearl