Imibuzo Evela Kubafundi
◼ KweyabaseRoma 8:27, iNew World Translation iguqulela igama lesiGrike elithi phroʹne·ma njengelithetha “ingcamango,” kodwa kwindinyana yesithandathu neyesixhenxe, liguqulelwe ngokuthi “ingcinga.” Kutheni igama elinye lesiGrike liguqulelwe ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo nje?
Ngenxa yomongo wazo zibonakala zifanelekile ezi nguqulelo zimbini zikhethiweyo.
Intshayelelo yeNew World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (yowe-1950) ithi: “Kwigama ngalinye elibalulekileyo kwisivakalisi sinentsingiselo enye kwaye siye sabambelela kuloo ntsingiselo lo gama umongo usasivumela.” Bambi bebengayi kuligqala igama elithi phroʹne·ma njengegama elibalulekileyo, ekubeni livela izihlandlo ezine kuphela. Noko ke, linxibelelana namagama asetyenziswa ngokufuthi ngakumbi. Elokuqala lelithi phro·neʹo, elithetha “ukucinga, ukuba nengcinga ngandlela ithile.” (Mateyu 16:23; Marko 8:33; Roma 8:5; 12:3; 15:5) Amanye amagama esiGrike anxibeleleneyo anikela imbono yokusebenzisa ubulumko, ingqiqo, okanye ukuqonda okusebenzisekayo.—Luka 1:17; 12:42; 16:8; Roma 11:25; Efese 1:8.
IThe Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures ibonisa ukuba igama elithi phroʹne·ma livela izihlando ezine kwabaseRoma 8:6, 7, 27 (NW) nokuba intsingiselo yalo yokoqobo ngokungaguquguqukiyo ithetha “ingcinga.” Abaphengululi abangamaGrike uBauer, Arndt noGingrich balichaza igama elithi phroʹne·ma njengelithetha: ‘Indlela yokucinga, ingqondo (ukumilisela), injongo, umnqweno onamandla, ukuzabalazela.’—A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature.
KwabaseRoma isahluko 8, umpostile uPawulos wawaluleka amaKristu ukuba angahambi ngokwenyama yabantu abangafezekanga. Ukuze aphumelele koku, afanele azilinde nxamnye notyekelo okanye iminqweno yenyama, ndawonye neengqiqo zentliziyo engafezekanga. ‘Ukumilisela iingcinga’ kwizinto ezivisisana nomoya oyingcwele kaThixo kuya kunceda koku.—Roma 8:1-5.
UPawulos wanikela la mazwi achaseneyo: “Ingcinga yenyama ikukufa, kodwa ingcinga yomoya bubomi noxolo; ngokokuba ingcinga yenyama ibubutshaba kuThixo, kuba ingawululameli umthetho kaThixo.” (Roma 8:6, 7, NW) Ngabantu aba kuthethwa ngabo kwezi ndinyana zimbini. Abantu, ngokukodwa amaKristu, awamele amilisele iingqondo zawo, okanye ‘acinge,’ ngezinto zenyama enesono. Endaweni yoko, amele amilisele iingqondo zawo, okanye ‘acinge,’ ngezinto ezivisisana nezishukunyiswa ngumoya.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Ro 8 indinyana 27 ithetha ngoThixo. Sifunda oku: “Kanti yena [uYehova] oziphengululayo iintliziyo uyazazi iingcamango zomoya, ngokuba ubathethelela abangcwele ngokukaThixo.” (NW) Ewe, igama elithi “yena” apha libhekisela kuYehova, uMphulaphuli womthandazo.
Igama elithi phroʹne·ma elikwindinyana 27 lalinokuguqulelwa ngokuthi “ingcinga.” Kodwa umoya oyingcwele awungomntu ngokwenyaniso ocingayo okanye onengcinga yakhe. Umoya ngamandla kaThixo asebenzayo, oyaziyo indlela umoya wakhe oyingcwele osebenza ngayo ekuphumezeni ukuthanda kwakhe. Ngaphezu koko, imbaluleka yale ndinyana yahlukile kuleyo yabaseRoma 8:6, 7. Ezo ndinyana zingaphambilana zibalaselise imfuneko abanayo abantu ukuze balawule ingcinga nezenzo zabo. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokuba uYehova asebenze, okanye enze umgudu, wokuzilawula. Uyakwazi oko kwakubhalwe eBhayibhileni phantsi kokuphefumlelwa, njengamabinzana eBhayibhile abonisa ukuthanda kwakhe ngabakhonzi bakhe abasemhlabeni. UGqr. Heinrich Meyer ugqabaza esithi ngokuphathelele eyabaseRoma 8:27: “UYehova ebeya kuyazi nangayiphi na indlela injongo yoMoya.”
Ngenxa yoko, inguqulelo yegama elithi “ingcamango” ivisisana nomongo weyabaseRoma 8:27, yaye oku kuvumelekile kwisiGrike. IThe Translator’s New Testament iguqulela ngale ndlela: “Lowo uziphengululayo iintliziyo uyakwazi oko kuthethwa nguMoya.”
◼ Kutheni iNew World Translation maxa wambi iguqulela igama lesiGrike elithi pi·steuʹo ngokuthi “kholwa” (njengezinye iinguqulelo ezininzi) ize ngamanye amaxesha iliguqulele ngokuthi “bonakalisa (okanye yiba nokholo) ukholo”?
Oku kwenziwa ukuze kuboniswe iintsingiselo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezivakaliswa ligama lesiGrike elithi pi·steuʹo.
Ngokomzekelo, incwadi ethi A Grammar of New Testament Greek, ebhalwe nguJames Moulton, ithi amaKristu okuqala ayekuqonda ngokucacileyo “ukubaluleka komahluko ophakathi kokukholwa nje . . . nokukholosa ngothile.” Zombini ezi ngcamango zinokudluliselwa kusetyenziswa igama lesiGrike elithi pi·steuʹo.
Ngokufuthi, iintsingiselo ezahlukahlukeneyo zegama elithi pi·steuʹo zimele ziqondwe ngokomongo. Noko ke, maxa wambi, iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ezakhiwe ngazo izivakalisi ngokomgaqo-ntetho ziyasinceda sibone oko umbhali wayecinga ngako. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba igama elithi pi·steuʹo lilandelwa nje sisibizo esiyinjongosenzi engacacanga, iNew World Translation ngokuqhelekileyo iliguqulela nje ngokuthi “kholwa”—ngaphandle kokuba umongo unikela ingcamango eyahlukileyo. (Mateyu 21:25, 32; kodwa bona eyabaseRoma 4:3.) Ukuba eli gama lithi pi·steuʹo lilandelwa lelithi e·piʹ, elithi “on” ngesiNgesi, ngokuqhelekileyo liguqulelwa ngokuthi “kholwa ku-.” (Mateyu 27:42; IZenzo 16:31) Ukuba lilandelwa lelithi eis, elithetha “to” ngesiNgesi, ngokuqhelekileyo liguqulelwa ngokuthi “bonakalisani ukholo ku-.”—Yohane 12:36; 14:1.
Le nguqulelo yokugqibela (esikhumbuza ukuba igama elithi pi·steuʹo lithatyathwe kwelesiGrike elithi piʹstis, elithetha “ukholo”) ivisisana namagqabaza akwincwadi ethi An Introductory Grammar of New Testament Greek, nguPaul Kaufman. Le ncwadi ithi: “Enye indlela yokwakha isivakalisi eqhelekileyo kwiTestamente Entsha (ngokukodwa kwincwadi yeVangeli kaYohane) kukusetyenziswa kwelithi πιστεύω [pi·steuʹo] nelithi εἰς [eis] kunye nenjongosenzi ecacileyo . . . Sonke isakhi esithi εἰς kunye nenjongosenzi ecacileyo zimele ziguqulelwe ngaphandle kokuzama ukuguqulela umbekwa-phambili (preposition) othi εἰς njengegama elahlukileyo. Ukholo lugqalwa lungumsebenzi othile, njengento eyenziwayo ngabantu, oko kukuthi ukuba nokholo [ku-thile].”