Isonto LamaKatolika ESpain—Kungani Kunesimo Esibucayi?
“Bahlwanyela umoya, bayakuvuna isishingishane.”—Hoseya 8:7, “The Jerusalem Bible.”
NGOMAY 20, 1939, esontweni laseSanta Bárbara, eMadrid, uJenene Franco wanikeza uMbhishobhi omkhulu uGomá waseSpain inkemba yakhe yokunqoba. Amabutho empi nesonto kwagubha ndawonye umkhosi wokunqoba lokho upapa akuchaza ngokuthi “ukunqoba okufiselekayo kobuKatolika.” Impi yangaphakathi yayisiphelile, futhi ngokusobala kwakuqalisa inkathi entsha yobuKatolika baseSpain.
Ukunqoba kwesonto kwamukela ukuxhaswa uMbuso ngesihle, ukulawula imfundo, namandla okucusumbula abanzi phezu kwanoma yini engelona usizo ebuKatolikeni besizwe. Kodwa impi yenkolo enonya eyayiphumelela yayitshale futhi nembewu yokuwohloka kwesonto.
Kubantu abaningi baseSpain, isonto lalihilelekile ezenzweni zobudlova zamabutho anqobayo. Yiqiniso, phakathi neminyaka eyalandela ngokushesha ngemva kwempi, iningi lezakhamuzi laya eMiseni. Ukuze uthole umsebenzi noma ukwenyuswa esikhundleni, kwakuwukuhlakanipha ukuba ube umKatolika okhuthele. Kodwa ingabe ukholo lwangempela lwalulondolozwe ngamandla empi nangokucindezela okungokombangazwe?
Iminyaka engamashumi amane kamuva, uchungechunge lwezimo ezibucayi lwaluzoyiphendula leyomibuzo.
Isimo Esibucayi Sokholo: Ngo-1988 abantu abathathu kuphela kwabangu-10 eSpain ababeyiqhuba njalo inkolo yobuKatolika, futhi abantu abaningi babezicabangela “njengabapholile ngokwenkolo kunokuba babenjalo eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.” Ukuhlola okwenzelwa iGlobo, ephuma masonto onke yaseSpain, kwabonisa ukuthi nakuba iningi labantu baseSpain likholelwa kuNkulunkulu, abangaphansi kwengxenye babo bakholisekile ngokuthi kukhona ukuphila ngemva kokufa. Okumangalisa kakhulu ngisho nangaphezulu kwakuwukuthola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-10 alabo ababezicabangela njengabaqhuba ubuKatolika athi ayengakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ongumuntu.
Isimo Esibucayi Sobizo: ISpain ibivame ukuthumela abapristi emagumbini amane omhlaba. Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule abangu-9 000 babegcotshwa unyaka ngamunye. Manje, lelonani liye lehla lafinyelela inkulungwane, futhi izikole eziningi zokufundela ubupristi zikhala ibhungane. Ngenxa yalokho, inani labapristi asebekhulile baseSpain liyanda—amaphesenti angu-16 manje angaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 ubudala, kuyilapho amaphesenti amathathu kuphela engaphansi kweminyaka engu-30 ubudala.
Isimo Esibucayi Sezimali: Umthetho omusha omisiwe waseSpain wahlukanisa iSonto noMbuso. Ngaphambili, izimali zokuxhasa zoMbuso eziyisipho zazinikwa iSonto lamaKatolika ngokuzenzekelayo. Uhulumeni wanamuhla uye wasungula inqubo entsha lapho amaphesenti athile ezintela zomuntu ngamunye zinikezwa isonto noma inhlangano engokwezenhlalo efanelekayo, kuye ngokwezifiso zokhokha intela. Ngokumangalisayo, oyedwa kuphela kwabathathu abakhokhi bentela baseSpain owathanda ukuba isonto lamukele imali yakhe. Leli kwakuyigalelo ezikhulwini zamaKatolika, ezazicabangele ukuthi cishe ingxenye ephindwe kabili yalelonani yayizoyabela isonto ‘lentela engokwenkolo.’ Kusho ukuthi isonto elizisekelayo lisekude kakhulu nokuxhaswa.
Okwamanje, kubonakala ukuthi uhulumeni uyoba madolo-nzima ekuqhubekeni exhasa isonto ngokwezimali ngemali elinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-R312 ngonyaka. Akuwona wonke amaKatolika ajabulayo ngalesisimo. Esinye isazi senkolo saseSpain, uCasiano Floristán, waveza ukuthi “isonto elingayitholi iminikelo eyanele evela kwabathembekile lokho kusho ukuthi alinabo abathembekile noma akulona isonto.”
Isimo Esibucayi Sokulalela: Lesimo esibucayi sithinta kokubili abapristi nabantu besonto. Ngokuvamile abapristi abasebasha nezazi zemfundiso yenkolo bakhathalela kakhulu izindaba zenhlalo kunezenkolo. Ukuthambekela kwabo “okuqhubekayo” kuyangqubuzana nohulumeni wesonto waseSpain osadla ngoludala kanye futhi neVatican. Isibonelo salokhu uJosé Sánchez Luque, umpristi ovela eMálaga, onomuzwa wokuthi “iSonto alinawo amandla okulawula iqiniso” nokuthi kumelwe “libuyisane nezakhamuzi, kodwa ngaphandle kokuzibusa.”
AmaKatolika amaningi aseSpain acabanga ngendlela efanayo—ingxenye eyodwa kuphela kwezintathu zamaKatolika aseSpain evumelana nalokhu upapa akushoyo. Futhi uhulumeni wesonto waseSpain ubhekwa njengongathandeki kangako. KumaKatolika okwaxoxwa nawo ekuhloleni kwamuva, ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yachaza ukuthi “yayinendaba” nababhishobhi, kuyilapho amaphesenti ayi-18 athi ayengabaqondi.
“Ukushumayela Ivangeli Kwesibili”
Naphezu kwalesisimo esikhungathekisayo, ngo-1985 ababhishobhi baseSpain banyathelisa uchungechunge lokuvunywa kwezono olungavamile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, bavuma:
“Kunokuba sibembule siye sabufihla
ubunjalo bukaNkulunkulu bangempela.”
“Mhlawumbe siye saligoqa
iZwi likaNkulunkulu.”
“Akuthina sonke esiye sachaza
isigijimi esingonakalisiwe sikaJesu.”
“Siye sathembela kancane kuNkulunkulu
futhi sathembela kakhulu emibusweni yalelizwe.”a
Ababhishobhi bavuma futhi ukuthi izwe laliba elingenasithakazelo ngokwengeziwe enkolweni. Batusa “ukushunyayelwa kwevangeli kwesibili” kwaseSpain. Nokho, abambalwa baluzwa ubizo lwabo. Abesifazane ababili bamaKatolika ababengena indlu ngendlu babemangele. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi bechaza kubanikazi bezindlu ukuthi babengebona oFakazi BakaJehova kunesikhathi abasichitha benikeza isigijimi sabo sobuKatolika.
Lokhu kwakungamelwe kumangalise, ngenxa yokuthi oFakazi BakaJehova basebenzisa amahora angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-18 ngonyaka odlule bevakashela amakhaya abantu eSpain ekushumayeleni ivangeli okungokoqobo ezweni kabanzi. Bonke oFakazi—njengamaKristu ekhulu lokuqala—bazizwa benesibopho ‘sokwenza umsebenzi womvangeli.’ (2 Thimothewu 4:5) Futhi nakuba bengase bathole ukungabi nasithakazelo okwandile ngesonto, ivangeli, noma izindaba ezinhle ngokuphathelene noMbuso kaNkulunkulu, lokho abakudluliselayo kulalelwa abantu abaningi.
Enye indoda esikhulile abahlangana nayo kwakunguBenito. Lapho kugqashuka impi yangaphakathi, wazithola esendaweni elawulwa amabutho empi aphikisa uhulumeni. Waphoqelelwa ukuba ahlanganyele empini njengesosha, kodwa enhliziyweni yakhe waba nomuzwa wokuthi kwakungalungile ukuthatha izikhali. Wenqaba ukukwamukela ukuthi “kwakuyimpi engcwele.” Kunokuba abulale umakhelwane wakhe, wazidubula ngamabomu esandleni ukuze angakwazi ukudonsa inganono.
Iminyaka engamashumi amane kamuva, yena nomkakhe baqala ukutadisha iBhayibheli noFakazi BakaJehova. UBenito wajabula ukufunda ukuthi uNkulunkulu ngokwakhe unxusa abantu bakhe ukuba ‘bakhande izinkemba zabo zibe-ngamakhuba,’ njengoba nje unembeza wakhe wawumnxuse ukuba akwenze iminyaka eminingi ngaphambili. (Isaya 2:4) Naphezu kwempilo ebuthaka, ngokushesha naye futhi wayenza umsebenzi womvangeli.
“Igwebu Elihle”
UGloria wayengumKatolika owayeseyekile ukuze akhulekele uNkulunkulu ngendlela yakhe siqu. Iminyaka eminingi wayenikezele ukuphila kwakhe esontweni njengendela eliyisithunywa sevangeli eVenezuela. Kodwa wasanguluka lapho ehluleka ukuthola izimpendulo emibuzweni yakhe ngokuphathelene nezimfundiso zesonto, njengokuZalwa KukaMariya Ocwebileyo, isihlanzo, noZiqu-zintathu.
Lapho efuna izincazelo, njalo wayetshelwa ukuthi kwakuyimfihlakalo. ‘Kungani uNkulunkulu enza izinto kube nzima kangaka ukuziqonda?’ wazibuza. Ngesinye isikhathi waxwayiswa ngokuthi ukuba wayephile ngesikhathi sokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki, ngabe washiswa. ‘Futhi mhlawumbe lokho kuyiqiniso,’ wacabanga.
Ngenxa yokujabhiswa okunjalo, wayenokungabaza lapho oFakazi BakaJehova bemvakashela. Kodwa lapho eqaphela ukuthi konke ababekufundisa kwakuvumelana nemiBhalo, ukuthi ekugcineni wayengaqonda isigijimi sikaNkulunkulu ngesintu, wachichima injabulo. Manje uchitha isikhathi esiningi ekushumayeleni izindaba ezinhle zoMbuso kaNkulunkulu.
“Manje, lapho ngicabanga ngayo yonke imikhosi engokwenkolo yeSonto lamaKatolika,” kusho uGloria, “ngiyifanisa negwebu elihle, elibenyezela imibala eminingi, kodwa elingenalutho—uma uzama ukujula kancane kulo, limane nje linyamalale.”
UBenito, uGloria, nezinkulungwane zoFakazi BakaJehova ezifana nabo eSpain, ziye zathola ukuqabuleka kwangempela okungokomoya ngokuphendukela emanzini eqiniso angonakalisiwe asemiBhalweni eNgcwele. Ukuqabuleka okunjalo kwakungekho enhlanganweni endala yaseIberia, isonto laseSpain—elicebe kakhulu emasikweni kodwa elimpofu kakhulu emongweni ongokomoya, ebelinamandla kakhulu emakhulwini eminyaka kodwa manje elingenalusizo ngempela lokuqeda ukungabi nasithakazelo komhlambi walo onciphayo.
UJesu Kristu lapho ebhekisela esidingweni sokubona nokugwema iphutha elingokwenkolo wake wathi: “Xwayani abaprofethi bamanga abeza kini bembathise okwezimvu, kepha ngaphakathi bayizimpisi eziphangayo. Niyakubazi ngezithelo zabo. . . . Njalo-ke niyakubazi ngezithelo zabo.”—Mathewu 7:15-20.
Sikushiyela kumfundi ukuba azibonele ngokwakhe izithelo zobuKatolika baseSpain.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Okunye ukuvuma izono kwenziwa emhlanganweni owawubumbene wabapristi nababhishobhi ngo-1971. Nakuba iningi lezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu elalilindelekile lingazange livume, abangaphezu kwengxenye bavumelana nalamazwi: “Siyaqaphela futhi sicela intethelelo ngokuzithoba ukuthi besingazi ukuthi singaba kanjani, lapho kwakudingeke khona, ‘izinceku zeqiniso zokubuyisana’ phakathi kwabantu bethu abahlukaniswe impi yasekhaya.”
[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 12]
Ababhishobhi bamaKatolika benza ubizo lokushunyayelwa kwevangeli kwesibili eSpain. Abambalwa balwamukela ubizo lwabo
[Isithombe ekhasini 9]
Kubantu baseSpain abayishumi, abathathu kuphela ababa khona njalo esontweni
[Isithombe ekhasini 10]
ISonto leSagrada Familia eBarcelona namanje alikapheli ngemva kweminyaka eyikhulu yokwakha nokunxusa iminikelo
[Umthombo]
Photo: Godo-Foto