Isimangaliso Sikavolo

Ngumlobeli wePhaphama! eAustralia

YINI efudumele ngokuntofontofo ebusika kodwa ephole ngokumangalisayo ehlobo? Yini emahhadla kunokotini, kodwa eyenza izindwangu ezilula? Yini evikela abantu abashibilika eqhweni neyindwangu eyiphupho lomklami wemfashini? Yini enganwetshwa icishe ibe isigamu sesithathu sobude bayo bese iphindela ebudeni bayo bakuqala lapho idedelwa?

Impendulo yayo yonke lemibuzo iwuvolo​—⁠ungenziwa noma yini, uyinguga! Yebo, uboya obumangalisayo bemvu emnene benza enye yezindwangu ezingasetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi umuntu angazithola.

Usunamakhulu Eminyaka Usetshenziswa

Lapho abantu bakuqala abahlola amazwe befika eNingizimu Melika, bathola abantu abaningi bakhona, njengabantu basePeru, begqoka izingubo zakhona ezenziwe ngovolo wemvu okuthiwa ialpaca. Ngisho nasemuva impela, ezikhathini zasendulo zeBhayibheli, kwakufuywa imihlambi emikhulu yezimvu, futhi izingubo zazenziwa ngovolo odayiwe futhi walungiswa.​—⁠Eksodusi 26:⁠1; Levitikusi 13:⁠47.

Umlando wanamuhla ugxila ezimvini zaseSpain ezinkulu zohlobo lwemerino, ezingavelele nje kuphela ngokukhiqiza kwazo uvolo omningi, noweqophelo eliphezulu kodwa futhi nangokuba kwazo zinkulu kanye nekhono lazo lokusinda ezimweni zezulu ezimbi. Amamerino amakhulu ayesifanelekela isimo sezulu esuwugwadule saseAustralia, okuyizwekazi eliyisiqhingi. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka le-⁠18, abatholi bekoloni elisha babefuna okuthile okungaphezu nje kokudla. Babedinga into abangayithumela kwamanye amazwe enika ithemba ababengakhela kuyo umnotho.

Bakhetha uvolo ngenxa yokuthi ukhula ngokoqobo esilwaneni esiphilayo. Izimvu zazehla zenyuka zinganakiwe isikhathi eside, futhi umsebenzi mncane owawudingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe uvolo ngobuningi. Wawupakisheka kalula futhi ungagugi lapho ugciniwe. Ukumelana kwawo nesikhutha kwakuwenza ubekezelele uhambo olude lwezinyanga eziyisithupha lokuya eNgilandi ngomkhumbi. Enye inzuzo enkulu yayiwukuthi uvolo wawungashi kalula.

“Ukugibela Emhlane Wezimvu”

Ngakho-ke, ikhulu leminyaka nengxenye ngemva kokufika kwamamerino okuqala ngo-1797, iAustralia yasinda ngokomnotho ikakhulu ngenxa yokuthumela kwayo uvolo kwamanye amazwe. Nokho, ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I, njengoba izimboni ezincane zazithuthuka, futhi kwanda ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezenziwe ngepulasitiki esikhundleni sikavolo, kwancipha ukusetshenziswa kwamazwi athi iAustralia ngokwezimali “igibele emhlane wezimvu.” Lokho kusho ukuthi, kwaba kanjalo kwaze kwaba sengxenyeni yokugcina yawo-1980, lapho ukuhweba kweAustralia ngovolo kufinyelela iqophelo eliphezulu ngendlela eyayingakaze ibonwe. Ngaleso sikhathi inani lezimvu zaseAustralia lama ezigidini ezingu-166​—⁠izimvu ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kumuntu ngamunye ezweni, futhi uvolo okhiqizwa ngonyaka wawusufinyelele amakhilogremu angu-845 000 000.

Nokho, ngo-1990, izinga lokuhweba ngovolo lehla kakhulu. Ukufunwa kukavolo kwehla futhi kwashiya abanini-zimvu baseAustralia abangu-70 000 benezimvu eziningi​—⁠ezingu-20 000-​000 ngobuningi, ngokusho kweSunday Correspondent yaseLondon, eNgilandi.

Kungani Umangalisa Kangaka?

Ukuvumelana kukavolo nanoma yiziphi izimo kanye nokuba kwawo yinzuzo ngokuqinisekile kuyamangalisa, njengoba ukubukeza izici zawo kafushane kubonisa. Uvolo ukhula ngendlela efanayo nezinwele zomuntu, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezimvu zinezinwele ezinde ezixubene novolo wazo. Lezi ziye zavezwa uhlu lwamamerino, okushiya uvolo wangaphansi ofunwa kakhulu. Nakuba uvolo umahhadla kunokotini noma ilineni, ukungasindi kwawo kwenza ukuba kwenziwe ngawo izindwangu ezilula. Ukungabexwayi kwawo odayi nakho kwandisa ukusetshenziselwa kwawo izinjongo ezihlukene. Uma ubona owesifazane osemusha egqoke isikhafu esibomvu ngokugqamile esiphephuka kalula emoyeni, kungenzeka senziwe ngovolo ongaxutshwe nalutho.

Kodwa ingabe wake wazama ukunqamula umucu kavolo ngeminwe yakho? Uqinile, akunjalo? Yebo, umucu owodwa kavolo ungamelana nokunqanyulwa okwenziwa amandla avela kumagremu asukela kwangu-15 kuya kwangu-30​—⁠ngakho uyodinga isikele ukuze usike izinto ezenziwe ngovolo. Imicu kavolo futhi iyishoba, okwenza usebenziseke kalula, futhi lapho unwetshwa ube amaphesenti angu-30 obude bawo, uyophindela ebudeni obufanele lapho udedelwa. Yilesici esenza uvolo ungashwabani uma womile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya ophakathi kwemicu eyingqayizivele kavolo onesici sokushisa owenza ufudumale ebusika kodwa uphole ehlobo. Ingaphandle lawo futhi liyamelana namanzi, kangangokuba ijezi elenziwe ngovolo eliswakeme ngeke likugodolise ngokuba lome ngokushesha, njengoba kungaba njalo ngolunye uhlobo lwezindwangu. Empeleni, izimvu zihlala zinawo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesimo sezulu futhi aziphathwa imikhuhlane.

Kungenzeka awuqapheli ukuthi indwangu eyakhiwa ngovolo (felt)​—⁠esetshenziselwa ukwenza amakhulu ezinto, kusukela kokhaphethi kuye emabholeni ethenisi⁠—​empeleni iwuvolo oye wanqwatshelaniswa ngokushisa futhi wacindezelwa. Futhi indwangu eyinsonte, esetshenziselwa amasudi abesilisa nabesifazane kanye nezingubo zabesifazane ezithambile, ezicolekile, yenziwa ngento yokuphotha uvolo ngendlela ethile ekhethekile.

Usuka Emvini Uze Kuwe

Emazweni amakhulu akhiqiza uvolo, inqolobane yokugunda iyingxenye ebalulekile yendawo yasemaphandleni. Ngokuvamile, izimvu zigundwa kanye ngonyaka, kodwa kwezinye izimo zezulu ezifudumele, ukugunda kungenziwa kabili ngonyaka.

Abagundi bezimvu bayiqembu labantu abayizidlakela, abanezikhwepha kanye namaqolo aqinile. Esebenzisa imishini yokugunda kagesi, umgundi uzimisela ukususa uboya buyinto eyodwa. Umgundi owumakad’ ebona angagunda izimvu ezicishe zibe ngu-200 ngosuku. Uqale agunde uvolo ongaphansi kwesisu, eqala ngaphakathi komlenze, bese enyuka eza emhlane, entanyeni, nasemahlombe bese ehlela ngakolunye uhlangothi. Uvolo ongcono kakhulu uvela emahlombe nasezinhlangothini zemvu.

Njengoba izimvu ezisanda kugundwa zikhishwa enqolobaneni, kuyajabulisa ukuzibona zitshakadula ngenjabulo njengoba sezinenkululeko entsha ngemva kokususwa koboya bazo obukhulu obusindayo.

Ngokulandelayo, uvolo uyahlungwa futhi ubekwe ngokwamazinga awo. Abahlungi bama phezu kwamabhodi afika okhalweni ngokuphakama, bahlole ukugqama, ukungashwabani, ubumsulwa, ukucoleka, ukuthamba, kanye nobude bukavolo. Umhlaziyi kavolo onekhono angasebenza amakhilogremu angu-⁠4 500 kavolo ngesonto. Ngokulandelayo uvolo uyahlanzwa womiswe, bese kukhishwa iwax, noma amafutha ilanolin. Uvolo ogundwe emvini ephilayo ungcono kakhulu.

Ukuwunakekela Ngokuphelele Ukuze Uhlale Isikhathi Eside

Ngokunokwenzeka awudingi ukukhunjuzwa ukuthi inundu iyawuthanda uvolo. Izalela amaqanda ayo ukuze amacimbi asanda kuchanyuselwa abe nokudla okuningi. Ithanda uvolo onongwe ngomjuluko noma izinto ezithile ezichithekele kuwo. Ngakho ungasongi izinto ezenziwe ngovolo ezingcolile uzibeke. Uma ungase ukwazi ukuthenga ezinesivikelo senundu, lokho kuyisivikelo esengeziwe. Beka izingubo ezenziwe ngovolo ezintweni ezivalwayo uma lezozingubo ugazigqoki njalo. Futhi ngisho nezinto zikavolo ozigqoka njalo kufanele zithintithwe njalo, ngenxa yokuthi uvolo uyawuthanda umoya.

Ezobuchwepheshe banamuhla ziye zasiza kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi namuhla uvolo omningi odayiswayo uye wafakwa izinto ezivimbela izinambuzane kanye nesikhutha futhi ngokuvamile awufinyeli futhi awushi kalula. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele uqaphele lapho uwasha. Imishini eminingi yesimanje iyakwazi ukuwasha ngokukhethekile izinto ezenziwe ngovolo. Kodwa uma uwasha ngezandla, bhucabhuca nje kancane ingubo ize ihlanzeke, uwashe izandla zingaphansi kwamanzi, okufanele afudumale noma aphole. Izinsipho zokuwasha uvolo ngokusobala zingcono kunensipho evamile, kodwa uma zingekho, ncibilikisa insipho yakho eyimpumpu ngaphambi kokuba uqale. Ungazisebenzisi izikhucululi, njengoba ngokuvamile zinealkali futhi zingaze ziyone ingubo. Sebenzisa amanzi anezinga elifanayo lokushisa ekuyakazeni, uqikelele ukuthi yonke insipho iphumile ngokusebenzisa amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile. Beka ingubo emanzi phezu kwethawula bese uyivoma.

Enye yezinzuzo zezinto ezenziwe ngovolo iwukuthi akuvamile ukuba zidinge ukuayinwa. Nokho, uma ufuna ziluleke kahle kakhulu, sebenzisa iayini yesitimu noma iayini kanye nendwangu emanzi kodwa ngemva kokuba lokho sekome ngokuphelele. Ukuthi nje shwi-shwi ngeayini kuvimbela ukucwebezela okungekho muntu okufunayo, futhi kungcono ukuphakamisa nokwehlisa iayini kunokuyihudula.

Uvolo Uyisimangaliso

Kufanele uvume ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uvolo uyinto ethakazelisayo. Kusukela emajazini kuye emabholeni ethenisi, usinikeza imikhiqizo eyinguga. Abahlali bakuqala baseAustralia ngokuqinisekile benza ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile ngokukhetha izimvu. Siyababonga ngalokho njengoba siqhubeka sijabulela izinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezenziwa ngalomkhiqizo omangalisayo, uvolo.

[Izithombe ekhasini 24]

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