Ukuhlola Izindaba Eziqanjiwe Zesayensi Zanamuhla

IZIMOTO, izingcingo, ama-computer—ingabe kwakungenzeka ukuba othile abikezele ukusungulwa kwazo eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-130 edlule? Umlobi wezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi (SF [science fiction]) uJules Verne wakubikezela! Lokhu kuqonda okumangalisayo okungokwesayensi kutholakale muva nje embhalweni wesandla wenoveli kaJules Verne enesihloko esithi Paris in the Twentieth Century. Kulencwadi eyayinganyatheliswanga ngaphambili, uVerne wachaza ngisho nomshini ofana ngokumangalisayo nomshini wanamuhla we-fax!a

Nokho, ngisho nabalobi abahlakaniphile bezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi basilela kakhulu ekubeni abaprofethi beqiniso. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyathakazelisa ukufunda i-Journey to the Center of the Earth kaJules Verne, kodwa ososayensi sebeyazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthatha uhambo olunjalo. Futhi akubonakali kuyokwenzeka ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2001 abantu bathathe uhambo oluya kuyi-Jupiter noma kwamanye amaplanethi, njengoba abanye basikisela ngaphambili.

Abalobi bezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi baye bahluleka futhi ukubikezela intuthuko enkulu emangalisayo engokwesayensi eye yenzeka. Esihlokweni esithile esavela kuyi-Atlantic Monthly, umlobi wezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi uThomas M. Disch uyavuma: “Cabanga ngokuhluleka kwe-SF ukubikezela inkathi yama-cybernetic [ama-computer] . . . , ukushisa okubabazekayo noma ukubhujiswa kongqimba lwe-ozone noma ingculaza. Cabangela ukuntenga okusha kwamandla ezombangazwe. Cabangela zonke lezi zinto, bese uzibuza ukuthi i-SF iye yathini ngazo. Cishe iye yathula dú.”

Izindaba Eziqanjiwe Zesayensi—Ibhizinisi Elikhulu

Yiqiniso, kubathandi bazo, izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi aziyona isayensi engokoqobo kodwa ziwukuzijabulisa. Nakuba kunjalo, bakhona abakubekela inselele ukubaluleka kwazo nakuleso sici. Idumela lokuthi izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi ziyizincwadi eziyize laqala ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka ngokunyatheliswa komagazini bezinga eliphansi ababekhuluma ngezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi kuphela. Owokuqala kulaba, umagazini i-Amazing Stories, waqala ukuthengiswa ngo-1926. Umsunguli wawo, uHugo Gernsback, uhlonishwa ngokuthi waqamba igama elithi “izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi.” Abaningi baba nomuzwa wokuthi lezi zincwadi zezindaba zokuzidela ezishukumisayo zazingazuzisi nakancane.

Izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi zaqala ukuthathwa ngokungathi sína ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Indima ephawulekayo eyafezwa isayensi kuleyompi yenza isayensi yaba nethonya elisha. Izibikezelo zabalobi bezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi zaqala ukubonakala zinokwethenjelwa. Ngakho kwaqala ukwanda kwezincwadi zamahlaya, omagazini, nezincwadi ezinoqwembe oluthambile zezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi. Kwadlondlobala ukudayiswa kwezincwadi ezinoqwembe oluqinile zezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi. Kodwa njengoba izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi zilwela ukwanelisa umphakathi, izincwadi zezinga eliphezulu—nokunemba okungokwesayensi—ngokuvamile azitholakali. Umlobi wezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi uRobert A. Heinlein ukhala ngokuthi sekunyatheliswa “noma yini efundekayo ngisho nejabulisa ngokusesilinganisweni,” kuhlanganise “namanoveli amaningi angelutho aqagelayo.” Umlobi u-Ursula K. Le Guin unezela ukuthi ngisho “nezincwadi zezinga eliphansi” ziyanyatheliswa.

Naphezu kwalokhu kugxekwa, izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi ziye zathandwa kakhulu, ziye zasekelwa kakhulu, hhayi ososayensi, kodwa imboni yamabhayisikobho.

Izindaba Eziqanjiwe Zesayensi Ziba “Amabhayisikobho”

Amafilimu ezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi abelokhu ekhona kusukela ngo-1902 lapho uGeorges Méliès enza ifilimu ethi A Trip to the Moon. Isizukulwane esalandela sentsha ethanda amabhayisikobho sakhangwa i-Flash Gordon. Kodwa ngo-1968, unyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokuba umuntu aye enyangeni, ifilimu ethi 2001: A Space Odyssey yaqashelwa kwezobuciko futhi yathengiswa ngokuphumelelayo. IHollywood yabe isiqala ukuxhasa amafilimu ezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi ngesabelo sezimali esikhulu.

Ekupheleni kwawo-1970 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1980, amafilimu anjengethi Alien, Star Wars, Blade Runner, nethi ET: The Extraterrestrial angenisa ingxenye yemali yawo wonke amathikithi amabhayisikobho e-United States. Ngempela, izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi zaqhamuka nenye yamabhayisikobho adl’ ubhedu, i-Jurassic Park. Kanye nalefilimu kwaba khona inqwaba yemikhiqizo engaba ngu-1 000 ye-Jurassic Park. Akumangalisi ukuthi ne-TV yahamba kuwo lomkhondo. Uhlelo oludumile oluthi Star Trek lwabangela inqwaba yezinhlelo ezikhuluma ngomkhathi.

Nokho, abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi ngokukhathalela ukuthandwa, abanye abalobi bezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi baye bazishaya indiva izici ezabangela ukuba izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi zibaluleke ngandlela-thile. Umlobi waseJalimane uKarl Michael Armer uthi ‘izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi azithandwa ngenxa yalokho ezikuqukethe kodwa ngenxa yamasu okuthengisa.’ Abanye bakhala ngokuthi “izilomo” zangempela zamafilimu anamuhla ezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi azibona abantu, kodwa ziyimisindo ekhethekile nezithombe ezenezelwe. Umcusumbuli othile uze athi izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi “ziyenyanyeka futhi zingezezinga eliphansi ezicini zazo eziningi.”

Ngokwesibonelo, amafilimu amaningi okuthiwa awezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi awaphathelene nakancane nesayensi noma nekusasa. Ngezinye izikhathi izenzakalo zesikhathi esizayo zimane zisetshenziswe njengesigubuzelo sobudlova obusobala. Umlobi uNorman Spinrad uphawula ukuthi ezindabeni eziningi zanamuhla eziqanjiwe zesayensi, othile “uyadutshulwa, agwazwe, anyamalale, abulawe nge-laser, antwengulwe ngezinzipho, abanjwe ngesihluku, noma ashaywe ngebhomu.” Lokhu kuboniswa ngemininingwane esabekayo emafilimini amaningi!

Esinye isici okudingeka siqashelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo ezincwadini eziningi ezingamaphupho namafilimu esayensi. Nakuba abanye abantu bengase babheke izindaba ezinjalo njengezimpi ezingokomfanekiso phakathi kobuhle nobubi, eminye yalemikhiqizo kubonakala idlulela ngalé kokuba ngokomfanekiso futhi ikhuthaza imikhuba yokusebenzisa imimoya.

Isidingo Sokulinganisela

Yiqiniso, iBhayibheli alikulahli ukuzijabulisa ngokusungula izinto ngokwako. Emfanekisweni kaJothamu wemithi, kuvezwa izitshalo ezingaphili zikhulumisana—zihlela ngisho nokuhlela. (AbAhluleli 9:7-15) Ngokufanayo umprofethi u-Isaya wasebenzisa isu lokusungula izinto lapho echaza ababusi bezwe okwase kuyisikhathi eside bafa njengabakhulumayo ethuneni. (Isaya 14:9-11) Ngisho neminye imifanekiso kaJesu yayiqukethe izici ezazingenakwenzeka ngokoqobo. (Luka 16:23-31) Amasu anjalo okusungula izinto awazange afeze indima yokujabulisa kodwa ayeyala futhi efundisa.

Abanye abalobi namuhla bangase basebenzise ngokusemthethweni izenzakalo zesikhathi esizayo ukuze bayale noma bajabulise. Nokho, abafundi abangamaKristu aphapheme bayakhumbula ukuthi iBhayibheli lisiyala ukuba sigxilise ingqondo ezintweni ezimsulwa futhi ezinempilo. (Filipi 4:8) Futhi liyasikhumbuza: “Lonke izwe lisemandleni omubi.” (1 Johane 5:19) Amanye amafilimu nezincwadi zezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi kuqhubezela imibono namafilosofi angavumelani neBhayibheli, njengokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ukungafi komuntu, nokuphind’ ukuzalwa. IBhayibheli lisixwayisa ngokuthi singabi izisulu ‘zefilosofi nenkohliso eyize.’ (Kolose 2:8) Ngakho kudingeka ukuqapha lapho kuziwa ezindabeni eziqanjiwe zesayensi, njengoba kunjalo nangazo zonke izinhlobo zokuzijabulisa. Kufanele sikukhethe lokho esikufundayo noma esikubukayo.—Efesu 5:10.

Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni, amafilimu amaningi athandwayo anobudlova. Ingabe ukuchitha igazi ngaphandle kwesizathu kungamjabulisa uJehova, okuthiwa ngaye: ‘Othanda ubudlwangudlwangu umphefumulo wakhe uyamzonda’? (IHubo 11:5) Futhi njengoba imiBhalo ikulahla ukusebenzisa imimoya, amaKristu ayofuna ukusebenzisa ukwahlulela okuhle lapho kuziwa ezincwadini noma emafilimini anemilingo noma ukulumba. (Duteronomi 18:10) Qaphela futhi ukuthi nakuba umuntu omdala engase alihlukanise kalula iphupho nento engokoqobo, akuzona zonke izingane ezingenza kanjalo. Ngakho-ke, nalapha abazali bayoyiqaphela indlela izingane zabo ezithintwa ngayo yilokho ezikufundayo nezikubonayo.b

Abanye bangase banqume ukuthi bakhetha ezinye izincwadi nezinhlobo zokuzijabulisa. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokuba abanjalo bahlulele abanye kulesi sici noma babange izimpikiswano ezindabeni zokuzikhethela komuntu siqu.—Roma 14:4.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaKristu akhetha ukujabulela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindaba eziqanjiwe njengendlela yokuzilibazisa ngezikhathi ezithile enza kahle uma ekhumbula isixwayiso sikaSolomoni: “Ukwenza izincwadi eziningi akunakuphela, nokufunda okuningi kukhathaza umzimba.” (UmShumayeli 12:12) Abaningi namuhla ngokusobala baye bazishisekela ngokweqile izincwadi namabhayisikobho ezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi. Amaqembu nezinhlangano zezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi kuye kwanda. Ngokukamagazini i-Time, abalandeli be-Star Trek emazwekazini amahlanu baye bazinikela ekufundeni ulimi oluqanjiwe isiKlingon, olwalusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-TV i-Star Trek nakumabhayisikobho. Ukweqisa okunjalo akuvumelani neseluleko seBhayibheli esikweyoku-1 Petru 1:13: “Hlalani nisanguluke ngokuphelele [“hlalani nilinganisele,” qhathanisa nombhalo waphansi we-NW.].”

Ngisho noma zingaba zinhle kangakanani, izindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi azinakulanelisa ilukuluku lomuntu lokufuna ukwazi ngalokho okuphethwe ikusasa. Labo abafuna ukwazi ngempela ngekusasa kumelwe baphendukele emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa. Lokhu sizokudingida esihlokweni sethu esilandelayo.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Isithombe ekhasini 7]

Abazali kufanele bayilawule indlela izingane zabo ezizijabulisa ngayo

[Isithombe ekhasini 7]

AmaKristu kumelwe akhethe lapho kuziwa ezindabeni eziqanjiwe zesayensi