Ukubuka Okwezwe
ImiBhalo Engcwele Ngezilimi Ezingu-2123
UHannah Kickel-Andrae, unobhala wezezindaba we-German Bible Society, umemezele muva nje ukuthi imiBhalo Engcwele ingafundwa ngezilimi ezingaphezu kuka-2100, ngokwe-Wetterauer Zeitung. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi isintu sikhuluma izilimi ezingaba ngu-6000. Lokho kusho ukuthi okungenani izingxenye zeZwi likaNkulunkulu zitholakala ngezilimi ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yazo zonke izilimi ezikhulunywayo. Ngokukamagazini i-Bibelreport, iBhayibheli eliphelele selinyatheliswa ngezilimi ezingu-349. “ITestamente Elisha” litholakala ngezinye izilimi ezingu-841, futhi ezinye izingxenye zeBhayibheli ngezilimi ezingu-933, okwenza ingqikithi yezilimi ezingu-2123. Amaqembu amaningi abahumushi adinga iminyaka engaba mine ukuze ahumushe “iTestamente Elisha” neminyaka engaba ngu-8 ukuze ahumushe “iTestamente Elidala.” Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka kweminye imikhankaso yokuhumusha engu-600.
Umkhomo Onobuthi
Iphephandaba i-International Herald Tribune lilandisa ukuthi i-sperm whale ethile eyatholakala ifile emzileni wemikhumbi omatasa ngasogwini olusenyakatho yeDenmark yayiqukethe inqwaba “yesigidi ne-cadmium kangangokuba amathumbu ayo kwadingeka agqitshwe endaweni ekhethekile yemfucumfucu eyingozi.” Umthombo walezi zakhi ezisansimbi awukaziwa. Lapho uxoxa ngesenzakalo esifanayo, umagazini i-Time wanezela ukuthi nakuba abanye bebheka lokhu njengobufakazi obusobala bokungcola okukhulu kwezilwandle, izazi zesayensi yezilwane zicabangela izimbangela ezingokwemvelo. Isazi semikhomo uCarl Kinze, weCopenhagen Zoological Museum, sibonisa ukuthi ngokuyinhloko ama-sperm whale adla ama-octopus, amanye awo anezinga le-cadmium eliphakeme ngokwemvelo.
Imiphumela Emibi Yokugembula
Esifundazweni sase-Australia iNew South Wales, ukuhlola okuxhaswe uhulumeni kwembula izibalo ezishaqisayo ngokuqondene nemiphumela yokugembula. Ngokwe-Sunday Telegraph, abangamaphesenti angaba ngu-40 okwaxoxwa nabo bathi bagembula masonto onke. Phakathi kwabo, abangaphezu kwababili kwabayishumi bavuma ukuthi bachitha ama-dollar angaphezu kwayikhulu (R350) ngesonto ngenxa yalomkhuba. “Izinsizwa ezingashadile ezikhetha ukudlala imishini yemali noma ukubhejela imijaho” ziyiqembu elisengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zokugembula. Amanye amaqembu asengozini enkulu ayehlanganisa “nabantu abahola imali engaphansi kwama-dollar angu-20 000 [R70-000] ngonyaka kanye nasebethathe umhlalaphansi noma abangasebenzi.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlola kwembula ukuthi “cishe amaphesenti angu-15 emikhaya yaseNSW [New South Wales] aye aba nezinkinga zokugembula ngokweqile.” Ngaphandle kwalokho, kulinganiselwa ukuthi “imilutha yokugembula ibangela iNSW izindleko zomkhiqizo owehlile, ukuphelelwa imali kanye nesehlukaniso ezingaphezu kwama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-50 [amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-180] ngonyaka.”
AmaKatolika Angcolile?
Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka eNdiya, abaningi abazalelwa esizweni okuthiwa esabangcolile baye baguqukela ebuKatolikeni ngethemba lokubalekela isimiso samaHindu sokubandlululana ngokobuzwe. “Kodwa lokho akuzange kusho ukuthi bakwazile ukubalekela izici eziphawula isizwe sakubo,” kusho iphephandaba laseParis i-Monde. AmaKatolika amaNdiya esizwe esiphakeme aye aqhubeka ephatha amaKatolika esizwe esiphansi njengangcolile. “Ngenxa yalokho,” kusho i-Monde, “lapho amaKatolika esizwe esiphakeme nawesizwe esiphansi eya esontweni ukuyothandaza, ahlala emabhentshini ahlukene.”
Iziqu-mbumbulu
E-United States, iziqu ezithi “isazi sokondleka,” “udokotela,” nesithi “isazi sezokudla” ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa abantu bokuzisholo, abangaqeqeshiwe. Ngokwe-Tufts University Diet & Nutrition Letter, ezifundazweni eziningi “noma ubani, kungakhathaliseki izinga lakhe lemfundo, angazisholo ukuthi uyisazi sokondleka engasabi ukuhlawuliswa umthetho.” Muva nje, abacwaningi bahlole izincwadi zocingo ezifundazweni ezingu-32 futhi bathola ukuthi “abangaphansi kwengxenye yalabo okuthiwa ochwepheshe abasohlwini oluthi ‘izazi zokondleka’ noluthi ‘odokotela’ bayimithombo enokwethenjelwa yokwaziswa kwezokondleka okunengqondo, nokusekelwe kuyisayensi.” Kuyi-yellow pages (izinhlu zezingcingo zezentengiselwano), amaphesenti angaba ngu-70 ezazi zokondleka ezisohlwini oluthi “Ph.D’s” atholakala eneziqu-mbumbulu noma enikeza ukwaziswa okukhohlisayo.
Amandla Ezingane
“Izingane zaseBrazil ziyabusa ekhaya, zithonya izinqumo zabazali bazo, futhi zichitha ama-dollar angaba izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50 (U.S.) [amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-215] ngonyaka,” kubika umagazini i-Veja. “Izingane ziyazikhethela izinhlelo ze-TV ngoba abantu abadala bamatasa ngezinye izinto. Zivakasha nesikole ngaphandle kokuqondiswa oyise noma onina. . . . Zishiywa emicimbini futhi zilale emakhaya abangane bazo.” Namuhla, abazali abaningi “bakhetha ukuba nezingane ezizethembayo nezizimele, ngisho noma zingalaleli kunezingane zezizukulwane ezidlule.” Kodwa ngokukachwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo u-Alberto Pereira Lima Filho, “uma belahla indima yabo njengabafundisi, [abazali] abanakuzibekela imingcele ecacile izingane zabo.” Kungase kungamangalisi ukuthi ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi “izingane ezingamaphesenti angu-40 zithanda abadlali bebhola likanobhutshuzwayo ngaphezu kwabazali bazo.”
I-voodoo Ivunyelwa Uhulumeni
Izwe laseNtshonalanga Afrika iBenin liye “lakuqaphela ngokomthetho” “ukusetshenziswa kwe-voodoo,” kubika i-Guardian yaseNigeria. Ngokwaleli phephandaba, “kuyaqala ngqá ukuba uhulumeni” ayiqaphele ngokomthetho “inkolo yesintu yase-Afrika.” Ukuqashelwa okunjalo kusho ukuthi abasebenzisa i-voodoo banelungelo elingokomthetho lokwakha amathempeli okungenzelwa kuwo imihlatshelo yokukhulekela nokushweleza emimoyeni engabonakali. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu baseBenin abangamaphesenti angu-70 basebenzisa i-voodoo.
Ukuncishiswa Kwezikhali Okubizayo
“Phakathi kuka-1985 no-1994, izindleko zezempi emhlabeni wonke zehla ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30, zafinyelela ‘kuphela’ kuma-dollar ase-United States ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-800 [amaRandi ayizigidi zezigidi ezingu-3,5],” ngokwabacwaningi baseJalimane. I-Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) yakhipha lamaqiniso encwadini yayo yokuqala yonyaka, enesihloko esithi Conversion Survey 1996. Phakathi kwamazwe angu-151, angu-82 anciphisa izindleko zawo zezempi, kuyilapho angu-60 azandisa. Ngokukamagazini waseJalimane i-Focus, “ithemba ‘lemivuzo yokuthula,’ okuwukuthi, ukwabiwa kabusha kwezigidi zezinkulungwane zama-dollar ukuze kusungulwe izinhlelo zokunikeza usizo nezenhlalo, alikagcwaliseki.” Ochwepheshe be-BICC bathi: “Ukuncishiswa kwezikhali zempi kuye kwabangela izindleko ezilingana nemali eyalondolozwa emkhakheni wezikhali.”
Izimfaduko Zingakugulisa
Ososayensi baye bathola inani elikhulu lamagciwane ayingozi ezimfadukwini ezisetshenzisiwe nasezipanjini zokugeza izitsha. Ngokwe-UC Berkeley Wellness Letter, ukuhlola okuthile kwamuva nje kwembule ukuthi phakathi kwezimfaduko nezipanji ezimanzi ezingu-500 ezahlolwa, “izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zazinamagciwane angagulisa abantu.” Cishe ingxenye yesine “yayine-salmonella noma i-staphylococcus, okuyizimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuguliswa ukudla” e-United States. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba izipanji zishintshwe njalo nokuthi izimfaduko ziwashwe njalo. “Ungafaka izimfaduko nezipanji emshinini wokugeza izitsha lapho ugeza izitsha ezingcolile, noma emshinini wokuwasha,” kusho i-Wellness Letter. Ngemva kokuzisebenzisela inyama eluhlaza, izithebe zingahlanzwa ngamaphepha okusula kunokusebenzisa izimfaduko nezipanji ezingaphinda zisetshenziswe.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Nge-video
Muva nje isibhedlela esithile saseParis sifeze isenzo sokuqala emhlabeni wonke ngokwenza ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo nge-video kowesifazane oneminyaka engu-30 ubudala, kubika iphephandaba laseParis lansuku zonke i-Monde. Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvamile kudinga ukuba kuvulwe amasentimitha angaba ngu-20 esifubeni ngasovalweni. Nokho, lenqubo entsha idinga imbobo engamasentimitha amane kuphela, kuyilapho kwenye imbotshana kufakwa ikhamera ye-fiber-optic yokuqondisa udokotela ohlinzayo. Ngalendlela, ukopha, ukucindezeleka komzimba ngemva kokuhlinzwa, nengozi yokungenwa izifo kwancishiswa ngokuphawulekayo. Isiguli sakwazi ukudedelwa esibhedlela ngemva nje kwezinsuku ezingu-12 sihlinziwe. Unyaka ngamunye, abantu abangaba isigidi bahlinzwa inhliziyo ngendlela evamile emhlabeni wonke.
Uhlupho Lwesifo Sofuba
“Ingxenye yesithathu yabantu emhlabeni ine-TB [isifo sofuba],” futhi kulindeleke ukuba lesi sifo sibulale abantu abayizigidi ezingu-30 kuleli shumi leminyaka, kubika i-Times yaseLondon. I-World Health Organization igcizelela ukuthi lolu hlupho olusha, njengoba ilubiza kanjalo, luyosakazeka kabanzi futhi lubhubhise kakhulu kunengculaza, luhlasele abantu abangaba izigidi ezingu-300 eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo. Iqiniso lokuthi lamagciwane ahamba emoyeni lisho ukuthi i-TB ithelelana kakhulu. I-TB isiwumqedazwe kakade ezingxenyeni zaseRussia. Kuye kwaqubuka izinhlobo zaleli gciwane ezimelana nemithi ngoba abantu abaningi abane-TB abazange bayiqede imithi yabo yezinyanga eziyisithupha yokulwa namagciwane, kubika inhlangano yaseBrithani enikeza usizo lwezokwelapha. Ngenxa yalokho, lamagciwane amelana nemithi futhi aqhubeke ephila.