Ukunambitha—Isipho SoMdali Onothando

“EMKHAKHENI wezinzwa [ezinhlanu],” kusho uLinda Bartoshuk, umcwaningi wokunambitha ohamba phambili, “eyokunambitha izidlula zonke.” Ukunambitha kuyinto ejabulisayo esivikela ngokusisiza ukuba sihlukanise okwamukelekayo nokulimazayo.

Isimangaliso sokunambitha sisivumela ukuba sijabulele ubumnandi bewolintshi, ukuphola okuqabulayo kuka-ice cream weminti, ukubaba okushukumisayo kwenkomishi yekhofi yasekuseni, nokunongwa okuhlwabusayo kwe-sauce yompheki oyizwa lapho usuyidla. Ukunambitha kunamandla kangangokuthi izici zobuntu ziye zahlanganiswa nakho.

Mhlawumbe uye waphawula abantu abathile njengabanomusa (sweet). Ngakolunye uhlangothi kungenzeka, uye wathi umuntu othile umuncu. Umuntu onolaka kuye kwathiwa uyababa. IBhayibheli likhuluma ‘ngamadoda ababayo emiphefumulweni’ futhi libhekisela ‘emazwini ababayo.’—AbAhluleli 18:25; IHubo 64:3; 2 Samuweli 17:8, NW.

Ukunambitha Nomlando Wezwe

Ukunambitha kwakuyinto ebalulekile lapho kuhanjwa ngomkhumbi kuvubukulwa ekhulwini le-15 ne-16 leminyaka. Eminyakeni engu-500 edlule, uVasco da Gama wazungeza ngomkhumbi edlula enhla ne-Afrika eya eNdiya futhi ebuyela emuva ePortugal, ephethe umthwalo wezinongo. Emakhulwini amathathu eminyaka alandela, amazwe aseYurophu anjengeFrance, iGreat Britain, iHolland, iPortugal, neSpain ayecwile ezingxabanweni ebanga ukulawula imithombo yezinongo.

Ungase uzibuze, ‘Kungani amazwe ayengaze alwe abulalane ngenxa yezinongo?’ Ukuze anelise ukunambitha! Yebo, ukunambitha kwabaseYurophu lezi zinongo kwakunamandla kangako. Kuze kube manje izimboni zanamuhla, ezentengiselwano nezesayensi konke kufuna ukwanelisa ukunambitha.

Kodwa kuyini kona ukunambitha? Futhi kusebenzelana kanjani nezinye izinzwa?

Indima Yolimi

Isitho esiyinhloko senzwa yethu yokunambitha ulimi. Eziningi zezinzwa zethu zokunambitha zikulo, nakuba ezinye zitholakala kwezinye izingxenye zomlomo nakuqhoqhoqho. Ake ubhekisise ulimi lwakho esibukweni. Phawula amaqhuqhuvana amaningi enza ulimi lwakho lube sengathi indwangu yevelvethi. Abizwa ngokuthi ama-papilla. Izinzwa zokunambitha ezincane ziyisixha phakathi kuma-papilla phezu kolimi. “Inzwa ngayinye inamangqamuzana okunambitha ayikhulu noma ngaphezulu,” kusho umagazini i-Science, “athi lapho eshukunyisiwe athinte ingqamuzana yenzwa ehambisa umbiko ebuchosheni.”

Inani lezinzwa zokunambitha lingahluka kakhulu kuye ngomuntu ngamunye futhi lithonye ukunambitha. Ulimi lomuntu lungaba nezinzwa zokunambitha ezingafika ku-10 000 noma zibe ncane zibe ngu-500. U-Inglis Miller, owafunda isayensi yokwakheka kwezinzwa zokunambitha, waphawula: “Abantu abanezinzwa zokunambitha eziningi banambitha kakhulu; abantu abanezinzwa zokunambitha ezimbalwa banambitha kancane.”

Indlela Ukunambitha Okusebenza Ngayo

Ukunambitha kuyinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi ngempela. Uma sikhuluma ngokungagwegwesi, kuyindaba yenqubo yamakhemikhali. Izici zamakhemikhali ezincibilike ekudleni okusemilonyeni yethu zishukumisa amangqamuzana amukela ukunambitheka aphuma ngezimbobo ezisolimini lwethu. Amangqamuzana amukelayo ayasabela futhi ashukumise amangqamuzana ezinzwa (ama-neuron) ukuba athumele imibiko esuka ezinzweni zokunambitha iye engqondweni.

Ngokumangalisayo, inzwa yokunambitha eyodwa ingashukumisa amangqamuzana okunambitha amaningi ahlukahlukene, futhi ingqamuzana yokunambitha eyodwa ingamukela imibiko evela ezinzweni zokunambitha eziningi. Akekho owaziyo ngempela ukuthi amangqamuzana amukela ukunambitheka nesimiso sawo esiyinkimbinkimbi akwenza kanjani lokhu. I-Encyclopedia Americana ithi: “Imizwa ecatshangwa ebuchosheni ngokusobala iwumphumela wenhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yokushukunyiswa injabulo okudluliswa amangqamuzana amukelayo.”

Kunezinye izinzwa ezihilelekile emizweni kangangokuthi sizihlanganisa nokunambitha. I-New Book of Popular Science yaphawula: “Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima ukuba umuntu azi ukuthi uyakunambitha yini noma uyakuhogela okuthile.” Ngokwesibonelo singase sidlule esitolo sokubhaka izinkwa bese sihogela iphunga elimnandi lesinkwa esisanda kubhakwa. Umlomo wethu uqala ukuconsa amathe. Futhi uma singena esitolo sisibona isinkwa mhlawumbe sithinte uqweqwe lwaso, izinzwa zethu zishukumiseka nakakhulu. Silangazelela ukuqala sisilume!

Khona-ke, iyini le nzwa yokunambitha? Umagazini i-Omni uyachaza: “Lokho umuntu ovamile akuchaza njengokunambitha empeleni inhlanganisela eyinxakanxaka yemizwa eminingi: iphunga, ukunambitheka, ukuthinta, isimo, ukubona, ukuthonywa amakhemikhali (ukubaba kukapelepele, ukuphola kweminti) nezinga lokushisa.”

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba lesi sihloko siqhubeka, “ukunambitha . . . kulula kakhulu. Sihlukanisa izinhlobo zokunambitheka ezine (kuphela): okunoshukela, okunosawoti, okumuncu nokubabayo.” Nakuba bekudumile ukukhomba izindawo olimini ezizwela kakhulu ukunambitheka, manje sekukholelwa ukuthi inzwa yokunambitha eyodwa enoma kuphi olimini ingezwa izinhlobo eziningi noma izizwe zonke lezi zinhlobo ezine zokunambitheka.

Nokho, kusekuningi okungaziwa ngenqubo yamakhemikhali okunambitha. Ngokwesibonelo, akuqondakali ukuthi kungani ukwenezela amaconsi ambalwa oketshezi lukalamula kunganezela ukunambitheka kukasawoti ekudleni. Futhi kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokunambitheka, okunoshukela, okumuncu nokunosawoti ziwashukumisa ngenjabulo amangqamuzana okunambitha, kodwa ngokusobala ukubaba kwenza ukuba lawa mangqamuzana akhiqize umyalezo wamakhemikhali.

Ukuzuza Ukunambitheka

Kungenzeka usuzithola zinambitheka izinto ezithile owawungazijabuleli ekuqaleni. Kungaba njalo ngezinto ezinjengezithelo zomnqumo, ushizi onokusazintambo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, u-turnip, izinongo ezibabayo nezinto ezimuncu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo “imifino ebabayo,” njenge-endive ne-chicory, kuye kwenza ukudla namasaladi kwanambitheka kamnandi. Kodwa ukunambitha kwakho kudinga ukuqeqeshe ukuze kujabulele ukubaba.—Eksodusi 12:8.

Ukuhlola kusikisela ukuthi ukuthola ukudla okuthile kunambitheka kuxhomeke ekutheni lokho kudla ukudla ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjani. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye wesifazane wayengakaze ayizwe i-bologna. Wayenyanya nokuyibona ngisho nokuyihogela nje ngoba unina wayengayifuni i-bologna. Kodwa ngolunye usuku lapho eneminyaka esemashumini amabili, lona wesifazane wayelambe kakhulu futhi kwakungekho lutho angaludla ngaphandle kwe-bologna. Ngakho-ke wayidla futhi wamangala ukuthi wayekujabulela ngempela ukunambitheka kwayo!

Ngakho-ke, uma ungathanda ukuthi into ethile oqalayo ukuyidla uyithole inambitheka, yidle lapho ulambe ngempela. Futhi uma ungumzali, khumbula ukuthi kungazithonya izingane zakho ukuthi usabela kanjani ekudleni okuthile, nokuthi uqala ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo ukuzipha kona. Yenza isimo sibe esijabulisayo lapho uqala ukuzipha ukudla okuthile okusha. Zihilele izingane zakho. Omunye umlobi wasikisela:

“Lapho ukulungiselela ukudla, gcina umntanakho noma usana lwakho lusekhishini enqoleni yokudlala noma esitulweni. Luzobona futhi luhogele ukudla komkhaya ngesikhathi lujabule futhi luthokomele—futhi lukwazi ngisho nangaphambi kokuba lukhule ngokwanele ukuba lukudle. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva ungalunikeza okuncane kwalokho okulungiselelayo, kuluhlaza noma kuphekwe kwangavuthwa.”

Wanezela: “Kungase kudinge ukuhlela kusengaphambili nesikhathi esiningi, kodwa ekudleni kwezikhathi ezithile thola izindlela ezilula ingane yakho engakusiza ngazo ukuba ulungiselele ukudla okusha noma okungathandwa. Yikhuthaze ukuba ikuzwe lapho nisakulungiselela. Umsizi wakho uzojabula futhi alambe lapho ekuzwa—izimo ezifanelekayo zokuqala ukudla okuthile ngokuphumelelayo.”

Lapho Ungasanambithi Kahle

Ngokudabukisayo, inzwa yokunambitha ingase iye ngokuncipha lapho usuguga, njengoba umngane weNkosi uDavide owayesegugile uBarizilayi akubonisa lokhu lapho ethi: “Namuhla ngineminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili; . . . Inceku yakho ingezwa ekudlayo nekuphuzayo na?” (2 Samuweli 19:35) Kunezinye futhi izici ezingase zihileleke ekuncipheni kwenzwa yokunambitha noma ekupheleni kwayo.

Inkinga kungase kube ukulimala ekhanda, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ukungenwa igciwane elithile, imithi yokwelapha, ukuba seduze namakhemikhali abulalayo, noma ngisho umkhuhlane nje ovamile. Ukujula kokuphelelwa ithemba kulabo abangasakwazi ukuhogela nokunambitha kwaphawulwa ngokujulile yilowo owalahlekelwa inzwa yokunambitha. Wabhala: “Ave silithatha kalula iphunga elimnandi lekhofi nokunambitheka okunoshukela kwamawolintshi kangangokuthi uma silahlekelwa yilezi zinzwa, kucishe kube sengathi sikhohlwe ukuthi kambe kuphefumulwa kanjani.”

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukunambitha okusengqondweni kuwukuphazamiseka okuyinkinga lapho umuntu ehlale enambitha okuthile okungekho. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyashintsha izinzwa zokunambitha nezokubona zeziguli zomdlavuza ezelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Isibusiso Esisinikwe UNkulunkulu

Yeka ukuthi sijabula kanjani uma ukunambitha kwethu kubukhali! Asebekhulile abaningi bakukhumbula ngenjabulo ukunambitheka ababekujabulela besebasha—izithelo ezivuthiwe ezikhiwe esihlahleni noma izidlo eziphekwe kamnandi. Ukuthi uMdali wethu ufuna ukuba sizijabulele izinjabulo ezinjalo zokunambitha kungabonakala esithembisweni sakhe sedili ‘lokukhulupheleyo okunomnkantsha’ ezweni lakhe elisha lokulunga, lapho ukuhlupheka, ukuguga nokufa kungeke kusaba khona.—Isaya 25:6-9; Jobe 33:25; IsAmbulo 21:3, 4.

Ngempela ukunambitha kwenezela isici sobuntu esicebisayo ekuphileni kwethu. Ngaphandle kwakho, ukudla bekuyoba okungathakazelisi njengokufaka amafutha emotweni. Ngempela, kuyisibusiso esivela kuMdali ohlakaniphile nonothando!

[Isithombe ekhasini 24]

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