Ukubuka Okwezwe

Imidlalo Ye-computer Elimazayo

UMnyango Wezobulungisa waseBrazil “uye wavala ukudayiswa komdlalo we-computer abadlali abazuza kuwo amaphuzu ngokweba izimoto nokubulala amaphoyisa,” kusho umbiko we-Reuters. Lo mdlalo ubhekwa “njengoyingozi ngoba ululaza ubugebengu nokubulala futhi ungakhuthaza abadlali abasebancane ukuba babe nobudlova.” Ngo-1997 lo mnyango wavala umdlalo we-computer “owawuklomelisa abadlali ngokubulala abantu abahamba ngezinyawo, okwakuhlanganisa abesifazane abadala nabesifazane abakhulelwe.” Umkhulumeli wakwa-Procon, inhlangano elwela amalungelo abathengi, wathi: “Lezi zinhlobo zemidlalo ziyingozi futhi ziyalimaza ngoba zibangela ubudlova. Izingane ziqala ukubheka izenzo ezinjalo njengezivamile.”

Ulwandle Olungcolisiwe

“Ukudoba ngokweqile ngokungacabangeli, amakhemikhali anobuthi nodoti onemisebe yenuzi olwandle kubeka engozini isisekelo sokuphila emhlabeni wonke,” kubika iphephandaba i-Nassauische Neue Presse. Ngokwephephandaba i-Kieler Nachrichten, lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi Olwandle Olumnyama. Lubhekwa njengesinye sezimiso zezinto eziphilayo ezisengozini kakhulu emhlabeni, ngoba amaphesenti alo angu-90 awanalutho oluphilayo. Indle echithwa olwandle isiphendule amagagasi asogwini lwase-Ukraine aba udaka olunombala oluhlaza ngokunsundu, futhi amabhishi ase-Odessa avulwa isonto elilodwa kuphela ehlobo nyakenye. Umongameli waseRomania u-Emil Constantinescu wathi: “ULwandle Olumnyama lulimele. Uma siluyeka lufe, siyobhekana nemiphumela emibi kunalokho esikucabangayo.” Inhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene iye yabiza unyaka ka-1998 ngokuthi “Unyaka Wezizwe Ngezizwe Wokulondoloza Izilwandle.”

Imithi Yomgunyathi

I-Figaro Magazine ithi: “Cishe imithi engamaphesenti angu-8 edayiswayo emhlabeni iwumgunyathi.” Ngokwe-World Health Organization, isilinganiso semithi yomgunyathi eBrazil cishe singamaphesenti angu-30, kanti eNigeria kucatshangwa ukuthi singamaphesenti angu-60. Kubikwa ukuthi ukuhweba ngemithi-mbumbulu kuyibhizinisi elingenisa imali engamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-1,5, kulandela ngemva kobugebengu obuhleliwe. Naphezu kwemizamo yezinkampani ezithaka imithi yokuqeda lokhu kuhweba, amaphoyisa nezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke azikalitholi ikhambi lale nkinga. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, imithi yomgunyathi ingelapha ukuphazamiseka kwesiguli ngokwengqondo; kodwa futhi ingase ibulale. “Imithi yomgunyathi idlala ngempilo yabagulayo,” kuphawula i-Figaro Magazine.

Uthando Lwezibhamu E-United States

I-Economist ithi: “Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kweMelika [i-United States] namanye amazwe. Ngo-1996 kwasetshenziswa izibhamu ukubulala abantu ababili eNew Zealand, abangu-15 eJapane, abangu-30 eBrithani, abangu-106 eCanada, abangu-211 eJalimane nabangu-9390 e-United States.” E-United States unyaka ngamunye, kusetshenziswa izibhamu ezenzweni zobugebengu ezicishe zibe yingxenye yesigidi nasekubulaweni kwabantu abangu-35000, kuhlanganise nabazibulalayo nalabo abafa ezingozini. Nokho, lo magazini uphawula ukuthi abantu base-United States abanezibhamu “bafuna ukugcina izibhamu zabo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imiphumela. Esikhundleni sokukhetha iziqondiso eziqinile, njengoba amazwe amaningi eye enza, baye benza okuhlukile.” Manje izifundazwe ezingu-31 zikhipha izimvume zokuba abantu baphathe izibhamu kodwa bazifihle.

Ibhuloho Elide Kunawo Wonke Emhlabeni

Ibhuloho i-Akashi Kaikyo eJapane, elihlanganisa i-Awaji Island nedolobha laseKobe, lavulwa ngo-April futhi ngokushesha laqopha umlando njengebhuloho elide kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Umagazini i-Time uthi: “Njengoba lathatha ishumi leminyaka lakhiwa, leli bhuloho eladla imali engama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-7700 [amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-38 300] linobude obungamafidi angu-6532 (amamayela angu-1,2) [amamitha angu-1991]—okuyibanga eliphakathi kwezinsika zalo ezimbili. Insika ngayinye, ephakeme kunesakhiwo esinezitezi ezingu-90, inezinto ezingu-20 ezimelana nokuzamazama; uma umoya ubangela ibhuloho ukuba lintengantenge, ama-pendulum abuyisela lezi zinsika endaweni yazo.” Leli bhuloho lenzelwe nokuthi limelane nokuzamazama komhlaba okungafinyelela ku-8,0 esikalini sikaRichter. Uma ingalulwa, intambo yensimbi yaleli bhuloho ingazungeza umhlaba izikhathi ezingu-7.

Izitshalo Ezisengozini

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-20 yomsebenzi, izazi zezitshalo nabalondolozi bemvelo emhlabeni wonke baye baphetha ngokuthi amaphesenti angu-12,5 ezitshalo ezingu-270 000 ezaziwayo emhlabeni—esisodwa kwezingu-8—angase ashabalale. I-New York Times ithi: “Izitshalo ezingu-9 kweziyishumi ohlwini zitholakala ezweni elilodwa kuphela, okwenza ukuthi zibe sengozini yokulimala ngenxa yezimo zezomnotho nezenhlalo zezwe noma zendawo.” Ososayensi baveza izizathu ezimbili ezisemqoka zokuthi kungani izitshalo ziba sengozini: (1) ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zasemaphandleni ngenxa yokwakha, ukugawulwa kwezihlahla nezolimo (2) nokwanda kwezitshalo zakwamanye amazwe ezibhubhisa futhi ziminyanise izitshalo zendawo. Lesi sihloko sathi izitshalo “zibaluleke kakhudlwana ekusebenzeni kwemvelo” kunezilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni. Mayelana nezitshalo saqhubeka sathi: “Zisekela okuningi okunye okuphilayo, kuhlanganise nabantu, ngokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ukudla. Izitshalo zenza imithi eminingi futhi ziyisisekelo sezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ezitholakala kwezolimo. Futhi ziyisisekelo sokubukeka kwendawo engokwemvelo, isisekelo sayo yonke into.”

Ukungenwa Izifo Ezibhedlela

Iphephandaba laseFrance i-Figaro lithi: “Ukungenwa izifo ezibhedlela ngemva kokwelashwa noma ukuhlinza isiguli kuyinkinga yangempela yezempilo emphakathini.” EFrance kuphela, abantu abangu-800 000 bangenwa izifo unyaka ngamunye, futhi kufa abacishe babe ngu-10 000. Izinyathelo ezithile zinganciphisa ingozi yokuthelelana izifo: ukubulala amagciwane ngemithi egumbini ngaphambi kokufika kwesiguli esisha, ukuhlola inqubo yokubulala amagciwane nokugezisisa izandla ngaphambi kokulapha isiguli. Nokho, ngokuvamile lezi zinto azinakwa. Ukuhlola okwenziwa esibhedlela esithile eParis kwaveza ukuthi amaphesenti angu-72 kuphela ezisebenzi zasesibhedlela ezisizayo ezathi ziyazigeza ngokoqobo izandla zazo ngemva kokusiza isiguli ngasinye. Kulezi, ezingamaphesenti angu-60 zigeza izandla zazo isikhathi esingaphansi kwesifanele. Iphephandaba laphetha ngokuthi njengoba izibalo zidabukisa kangaka, “kunomsebenzi omkhulu okusamelwe wenziwe.”

Amabhande Ezihlalo Asindisa Ukuphila Endizeni

Njengoba wonke umuntu ojwayele ukuhamba ngendiza azi, izindiza zingase zibhekane nezinkinga emoyeni ngokungazelelwe futhi zilimaze noma zibulale abagibeli. Ochwepheshe bathi okuwukuphela kwesinyathelo sokuphepha ongasithatha siwukuzibopha ngebhande ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho usendizeni. I-U.S.News & World Report ithi: “Kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela inkinga yasemoyeni kusengaphambili, ukuyibona noma ukuyigwema.” Njengoba ososayensi besazama ukwakha imishini ezokwazi ukubona izinkinga ezinjalo kusengaphambili, izindiza eziningi zithembele emibikweni evela ezindizeni ezingaphambili endleleni efanayo. Cishe bonke abantu abalimala phakathi nenkinga eyenzeka besemoyeni babengazibophanga ngamabhande. Lesi sihloko savuma: “Kodwa abezindiza abakayitholi indlela yokuphoqelela abagibeli ukuba bazibophe ngamabhande.”

Yonga Ugesi

Ipheshana i-Apotheken Umschau liyabika: “Amaphesenti angu-11 kagesi osetshenziswa emizini nasemahhovisi aseJalimane adliwa izinto ezingasetshenziswa kodwa ezixhunywe ezintanjeni zikagesi.” Ngokwezibalo ezitholakala eJalimane, ama-TV, imisakazo, ama-computer nezinye izinto zikagesi ezixhunyiwe zisebenzisa cishe ama-kilowatt-hour kagesi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20,5 unyaka ngamunye. Lokhu kungaphezu kukagesi osetshenziswa unyaka wonke eBerlin, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke kuleli lizwe. Kungenzeka ukuba wonge ugesi nemali yakho ngokucima ezinye izinto ngokuphelele kunokuzishiya zixhunyiwe kugesi kodwa zibe zingasebenzi.

ULwandle Olufile Luyanyamalala

ULwandle Olufile, indawo ephansi nenosawoti kunazo zonke emhlabeni, luya lunyamalala ngokushesha. Ngo-1965 amanzi oLwandle Olufile ayengamamitha angu-395 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle. Manje asengamamitha angu-413 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle, futhi sekuvele isiqinti esincane somhlabathi owomile ohlukanisa lolu lwandle kabili. Amahhotela ayakhiwe osebeni lwamanzi manje asephakathi nezwe ngokoqobo. I-Dallas Morning News ithi: “Izinga lamanzi lehla ngamafidi angu-2,5 [amasentimitha angu-80] ngonyaka, ngoba lolu lwandle alugcwali ngenxa yesidingo sabantu nesezombangazwe. Ukufa okungenzeka koLwandle Olufile kubonisa ukuswelakala kwamanzi okukhulu kule ndawo, kuyilapho izithiyo zekhambi zibonisa ukuthi amanzi nokuthula kuhlobene eMpumalanga Ephakathi. . . . Namuhla, umthombo oyisisekelo woLwandle Olufile, uMfula iJordani, cishe usuphambukiswe ngokuphelele . . . elakwa-Israel, iSyria neJordan.” Mayelana nomlando woLwandle Olufile, lesi sihloko sithi: “Indaba ekhanya ngempela ukulandisa kweBhayibheli ngeMizi yasemaThafeni eyayisendaweni evundile kwaze kwaba yilapho uNkulunkulu, edangaliswe ukwephula kwayo izimiso zokuziphatha, ‘enisela phezu kweSodoma neGomora isibabule nomlilo’ okwalenza incithakalo.”