Inqolobane Eyimfihlo Ivuliwe
Ngumlobeli we-Phaphama! e-Italy
“Inqolobane yemilando yeNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki ivuliwe.” Abezindaba bakubika kanjalo-ke ukuthi iVatican isinikeze izazi ilungelo lokubona inqolobane egcine imilando yeBandla Lemfundiso Yokholo, elalaziwa ngokuthi iHhovisi Elingcwele kwaze kwaba ngo-1965.
KWATHIWA lesi sinyathelo kufanele sibhekwe “njengenqubo ende nehlelekile yokubukeza umlando uJohn Paul II afuna ukuyiqeda ngaphambi konyaka ka-2000.”a Kungani abantu benesithakazelo esingaka kule nqolobane? Kucatshangwa ukuthi inaziphi izimfihlo?
IHhovisi Elingcwele lasungulwa uPapa Paul III ngo-1542. Leli thuluzi likapapa lokunqanda “ukuhlubuka” lalibizwa nangokuthi iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yaseRoma, ukuze lihlukaniswe neNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yaseSpain eyaqala ngo-1478.b U-Adriano Prosperi, oyazi kahle le ndaba, uchaza ukuthi isigungu sokhadinali esamiswa ngo-1542 kwakufanele “sibheke ukuhlubuka kulo lonke eLobukholwa.” Phakathi kweziNkantolo Zamacala Ezihlubuki ezazikhona phakathi nekhulu le-16 leminyaka, iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yaseRoma kuphela esekhona, nakuba isinegama elihlukile nemisebenzi ehlukile.
Kwaqoqwa amarekhodi eNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, aba yinqolobane eyimfihlo yokugcina imilando yeHhovisi Elingcwele. Ngo-1559 le nqolobane yaphangwa ezinye zezakhamuzi zaseRoma, ezavukela ukuze “zigubhe” ukufa kukaPapa Paul IV, owayebhekwa njengomsekeli oyinhloko weNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yaseRoma. Ngo-1810, ngemva kokunqoba iRoma, uNapoléon I wathuthela le nqolobane yemilando eParis. Ngaleso sikhathi naphakathi kokubuyiselwa kwayo kupapa kamuva, kwalahleka noma kwashiswa amarekhodi amaningi.
Iquketheni?
Izincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-4300 ezibumba le nqolobane egcine imilando zigcinwe emagunjini amabili aseduze kweSt. Peter’s Basilica. Ngokukakhadinal’uJoseph Ratzinger—ophethe lo mnyango weVatican—imilando equkethwe yile nqolobane ihlobene ngandlela-thile nezindaba ezingokomlando kodwa “ngokuyinhloko iphathelene nemfundiso yenkolo.”
Izazi-mlando ziyavumelana ngokuthi le nqolobane yemilando ayinakwambula izinto eziningi. UProfesa Prosperi uchaza ukuthi imininingwane yemihlangano yeNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yamaRoma ikhona kodwa “imibiko, amarekhodi, cishe nemibhalo yonke yokuqulwa kwamacala akukho. Okuningi kwashiswa phakathi kuka-1815 no-1817 eParis ngeziyalezo zikaMonsignor Marino Marini, owathunyelwa esuka eRoma ukuyolanda amaphepha ayethathwe uNapoléon.”
IVatican inikezé izazi ilungelo lokubona izincwadi ezaqoqwa ngaphambi kokufa kukaLeo XIII ngo-July 1903. Ukuze bathole leli lungelo, abacwaningi kufanele balethe izincwadi ezibachazayo ezivela ezikhungweni zezenkolo noma zezemfundo.
Ukugxeka
Nakuba iningi lazishayela izandla izindaba zokutholakala kwale nqolobane, babekhona ababegxeka. Sizibuza izizathu ezenza ukuba kukhishwe izincwadi zangaphambi kuka-1903 kuphela, isazi semfundiso yenkolo esingumKatolika uHans Küng siyabuza: “Kungenzeka yini ukuthi unyaka ka-1903 uyiso kanye isikhathi lapho izindaba ziqala khona ukuthakazelisa, njengoba ngalowo nyaka uPapa Pius X, owayesanda kugcotshwa njengopapa, waqala umkhankaso wokumelana nabashisekeli beSimanje, owabulala izazi zenkolo eziningi futhi wababangela izinkinga ababhishobhi base-Italy, eFrance naseJalimane, waxosha abantu abaningi esontweni?”
Ngokwesazi-mlando sezomthetho u-Italo Mereu, naphezu kokushintsha igama nokuvula le nqolobane, “umsebenzi owenziwa [yiBandla Lemfundiso Yokholo] usafana noweNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yasendulo nezindlela zayo ezindala,” njengokwenqabela abantu abaphenywayo ukubona izincwadi ezikhuluma ngabo.
‘Akukho Okusithekile Okungeke Kwaziwe’
Izazi-mlando zizonke azikholelwa ukuthi zizothola okuthile okuyisimanga “enqolobaneni yemilando yeNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki.” Nokho, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iSonto LamaKatolika lizizwa libophekile ukuvumelana nombono womphakathi.
Nokho, umbono obaluleke kakhulu okaNkulunkulu. Ngesikhathi esifanele uyokhipha isahlulelo sakhe enkolweni eyayizisholo ukuthi ingeyobuKristu kodwa eyaphula imiyalo kaNkulunkulu amakhulu eminyaka futhi yalahla umongo wemfundiso kaJesu ngokusebenzisa iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki eyayinonya. Kulezi zenzakalo, kwahlukunyezwa futhi kwabulawa ngesihluku abantu abaningi abangenacala, ngenxa nje yokuthi babengenakuzamukela izimfundiso noma imikhuba yesonto.—Mathewu 26:52; Johane 14:15; Roma 14:12.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwale nqolobane yizazi kuyofinyelelaphi, kuyohlala kungaphelele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, “akukho ndalo engabonakali emehlweni [kaNkulunkulu], kodwa zonke izinto zíze futhi zenekwe obala emehlweni alowo esiyolandisa kuye.” (Heberu 4:13) Yingakho lapho uJesu ekhuluma ngabaholi benkolo ababemphikisa, ayengathi kubafundi bakhe: “Ningabesabi; ngoba akukho okumboziwe okungeke kwambulwe, nokusithekile okungeke kwaziwe.”—Mathewu 10:26.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Bheka INqabayokulinda ka-March 1, 1998, amakhasi 3-7.
b Nakuba izindlela nemiphumela yazo yayihlukile ngandlela-thile, lezi zinhlangano ezimbili zazizintsha uma kubhekwa iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki eyayiqale ngo-1231 e-Italy naseFrance.
[Imithombo Yesithombe ekhasini 12]
Isigodlo seHhovisi Elingcwele, eRoma, e-Italy
Drawings: From the book Bildersaal deutscher Geschichte