Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ukuqothulwa Kwamabhere Ansundu AseYurophu?
I-World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) ithi amabhere ansundu aseNtshonalanga Yurophu asengozini. Inani lawo liye lancipha laba amaqembu ayisithupha nje amancane. I-Daily Telegraph yaseLondon ithi: “Amaqembu ala mabhere ansundu asengozini kakhulu yilawo aseFrance, eSpain nase-Italy, lapho abalondolozi bemvelo bexwayisa ngokuthi angase aphele nyá uma enganezelwa ngamabhere avela kwenye indawo.” Leli phephandaba liyanezela: “E-Italy, kukhona amabhere amane nje kuphela eningizimu ye-Alps.” EGreece, inkinga enkulu ukubulawa ngokungemthetho ngabalimi nabafuyi bezinyosi bethukuthelele ukuthi acekela phansi izinkomo noma izindlu zezinyosi. Ngokuphambene, izingxenye zaseMpumalanga Yurophu zibika ukuthi ayachuma amaqembu amabhere. Ukuthatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokuwavikela eRomania nokuletha amanye kuye kwenza amaqembu amabhere akhula futhi anda. Futhi eRussia, lapho ibhere livikelwe khona, kukhona amabhere angaba ngu-36 000. “Kudingeka isinyathelo esiphuthumayo ukuze kuvikelwe amabhere okugcina aseNtshonalanga Yurophu,” kusho uCallum Rankine, woMkhankaso Wezilwane ZaseYurophu Ezidla Inyama we-WWF. “Ngaphandle kokungenela ngokushesha, la mabhere azoqothulwa.”
Usizo Oludala Izindleko
Izigidi zabantu ziye zazuza ngemithi enikelwa ngezikhathi zezinhlekelele. Nokho, ukuhlola kwamuva kwe-World Health Organization (WHO) kwembula ukuthi imithi enikelwayo ivame ukutholakala ibhalwe amagama angacacile kahle noma isheshe iphelelwe yisikhathi. Nakuba ithunyelwe ngezinhloso ezinhle, imithi eminingi “iyehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zangempela eziphuthumayo futhi, uma isisezweni enikelwe kulo, iminyanisa izindawo zezinhlangano zokwaba izinto ezisuke sezigcwele kakade futhi kube nzima ukuyaba,” kusho isikhulu se-WHO uDkt. Jonathan Quick. Imithi engaphezu kwengxenye yaleyo eyanikelwa eBosnia yayingafaneleki. E-Armenia naseMostar, eBosnia naseHerzegovina kwadingeka kuthunyelwe izinto zokushisa ezikhethekile ukuze kushiswe imithi engalungile. Ukuthumela amathani ayinkulungwane emithi engalungile esuka eCroatia eya kwenye indawo ukuze alahlwe ngokufanele kudla imali ebalelwa ezigidini ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-24 zamaRandi.
Isife Esiwumsindo
Umagazini waseJalimane i-Tier ubika ukuthi nakuba izitshalo eziningi ziheha izilwane ezithutha impova ngombala nangokunuka, i-Mucuna holtoni yasezindaweni ezishisayo yenza lokho ngokubuyisa umsindo. Lesi sihlahla esithandelayo sivakashelwa amalulwane, azibonakalisa ukuthi asekhona ngokwenza umsindo. Ososayensi e-Erlangen University bathola ukuthi umpe lwalesi sihlahla lusebenza “njengehlo lekati,” ngokubuyisela umsindo ongezwakali emuva emalulwaneni. Lo magazini uthi: “Ngale ndlela lesi sihlahla senza kube lula ngamalulwane ukuba athole izimbali.”
Izingozi Zesikhutha
I-Times yaseLondon ibika ukuthi: “EMpumalanga Yurophu nasenyakatho ye-Italy, lapho kuwumkhuba ovamile khona ukukha amakhowe, kufa abantu abaningi futhi abaningi bangenwa ubuthi unyaka ngamunye.” Ngenxa yokuthi ukupheka ngesikhutha sasendle sekwandile, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngezingozi zokudla noma yiluphi uhlobo ezinhlotsheni ezingu-250 eziyingozi ezimila emaphandleni aseBrithani. Izinhlobo zenkowankowane i-death cap ne-destroying angel zingakubulala uma uzidla. Ukuze bazivikele, abakha amakhowe banxuswa ukuba bahambe namaqembu aholwa ochwepheshe. “Ayikho imithetho elula yokwazi ukuthi [isikhunta] asinangozi noma sinayo, ngakho kuwubulima ukuhamba uyozikhelela ngaphandle kukachwepheshe,” kuxwayisa ilungu elidala le-British Mycological Society.
Imiphumela Yengculaza Kwezomnotho
I-Monde ibika ukuthi ingculaza ayiyona nje kuphela inhlekelele esongela impilo yabantu, isongela nezomnotho ngokushesha e-Afrika. Njengoba kunabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-23 abanegciwane lengculaza futhi kufa abangaba yizigidi ezimbili unyaka ngamunye ngenxa yaleli gciwane, “umqedazwe wengculaza ngokushesha uyinyathelela phansi intuthuko e-Afrika.” Izinkampani zase-Afrika zithwele kanzima ngenxa yokuphutha emsebenzini kwezisebenzi noma ukufa ngenxa yalesi sifo. Enye inkampani yezitimela isilahlekelwe izisebenzi zayo ezingamaphesenti ayishumi. Kwenye inkampani enkulu, izisebenzi ezingu-3 400 kwezingu-11 500 zinegciwane lengculaza. Ezolimo ziyantengantenga njengoba abalimi beqedwa ingculaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo iyancipha, futhi ukungafundi kuyadlondlobala ngoba imikhaya ayinayo imali noma isikhathi sokuyisa izingane esikoleni futhi amakhulu othisha aye afa ebulawa yingculaza.
Izazi Zezinkanyezi Zikhalaza Ngomsindo
I-International Herald Tribune ibika ukuthi njengoba izazi zezinkanyezi zilalele izimpawu ezimemezela ukuzalwa kwemithala yokuqala nezinkanyezi, zikhungatheké kakhulu ngenxa “yamathuluzi empucuko yanamuhla.” Iziteshi zethelevishini, imisakazo, ama-satellite okuxhumana nezingcingo eziphathwayo zenza ukuba ungezwakali umsindo osemkhathini labo sosayensi abazama ukuwuzwa. Ukuze ziqhubeke nocwaningo lwazo, izazi zezinkanyezi zifuna indawo ethulile “lapho kuzovinjelwa khona zonke izinhlobo zomsindo wamaza.” Lapho, zihlela ukwakha uchungechunge lwezithungathamaza zomsakazo ezigcwele endaweni engamakhulu amakhilomitha ezoba “namandla ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyikhulu kunamathuluzi asetshenziswa namuhla.” Ososayensi bathemba ukuthi ukwaziswa okuzotholakala lapho kuzosiza ekuphenduleni imibuzo mayelana nokuqala kwesikhathi, umkhathi nezinto.
Inani Lezinyoni Landa Ngokushesha EMexico City
Inani lezinyoni landa ngokungalawuleki eMexico City. Njengoba kwabikwa ephephandabeni i-Reforma, angaba ngu-1 335 000 manje amadada ahlala kuleli dolobha. Amatshe ezikhumbuzo nezithombe eziqoshiwe yizindawo zokuphumula ezithandwa yilezi zinyoni. Ochwepheshe abalawula izinyoni baye babika ukuthi, “izinyoni ezihlala kuleli dolobha zihlukanisa ukuhamba kwazo kwansuku zonke ngezigaba ezintathu,” kusho leli phepha. “Zikhetha enye indawo ezizolala kuyo, enye ezizofuna kuyo ukudla, nenye ezizongcebeleka kuyo, kodwa [indawo ngayinye] ziyiphawula ngesitibhili.” Zibangela nokugula okunhlobonhlobo okusukela ekungazwanini nezinto ezithile kuya ezifweni ezibangelwa ama-bacterium namagciwane. I-International Association for the Ecological Protection and Peaceful Relocation of Urban Doves “iye yacabangela ukusungula umthetho ovimbela ukuphakela izinyoni ezindaweni zomphakathi.” Nokho, icabangela “nokujezisa noma ubani obulala izinyoni ukuze azinciphise.”
“Siyankonkoshelwa”
I-Australian ibika ukuthi: “Esinye sezihlahla ezindala nezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni siyankonkoshelwa.” Isihlahla se-kauri, esisenyakatho ye-Auckland, eNew Zealand, unyaka ngamunye sivakashelwa yizinkulungwane zezivakashi ezigcina isiko lokunkonkoshela isiqu saso esikhulu, zinyakazise izimpande. “Lesi sihlahla singaphezu kwamamitha angu-50 ukuphakama kodwa asikho phakathi kwezihlahla ezinde kunazo zonke emhlabeni,” kusho leli phephandaba. “Nokho, phakathi kwemithi yamapulangwe, siphakathi kwemikhulu kunayo yonke.” Njengoba saziwa “njengendoda endala yehlathi,” ngokomthetho sesineminyaka engu-2 000 ubudala, kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi sidala ngokuphindwe kabili kunalokho. Njengoba sasinda kuyo yonke leyo minyaka yezinhlekelele ezingokwemvelo, izilokazane nosongo lokugawulwa, manje singase sibulawe ukunkonkoshelwa. Isikhulu sezokulondolozwa kwemvelo sithi: “Mhlawumbe siyafa kodwa asazi ukuthi kungavimbeleka yini noma cha.”
Ukuncelisa Kulawula Isisindo?
Abacwaningi bathi bathole enye inzuzo yokuncelisa: Kungase kusize ekuvimbeleni ukuba ingane ikhuluphale kakhulu kamuva ekuphileni. Njengoba kwabikwa kumagazini wezindaba zaseJalimane i-Focus, iqembu labacwaningi baseMunich University bahlola isisindo sezingane ezingu-9 357 ezineminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha ubudala futhi bahlola ukuthi bezidlani lapho zisencane. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi izingane ezazinceliswé izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu zazinamathuba amancane ngamaphesenti angu-35 okukhuluphala ngokweqile lapho zingena esikoleni kunalezo ezazinganceliswanga nhlobo. Eqinisweni lapho ingane yayinceliswé isikhathi eside, kulapho ayeba mancane khona amathuba okuba ikhuluphale ngokweqile. Omunye umcwaningi uthi lesi sici esiyinzuzo sibangelwa yizithako ezisobisini lukamama, ezisiza isimiso sokwakheka komzimba.
Izingane Zidinga Amanzi Angakanani?
Izingane ezinonyaka owodwa kuya kwemine ubudala zivame ukuphuza amanzi amancane kakhulu. Lokhu kwembulwa ukuhlola okwenziwa yi-Research Institute for Child Nutrition, eDortmund, eJalimane, futhi kwabikwa kumagazini wabathengi i-Test. Izingane ezinonyaka owodwa kuya kwezineminyaka emine ziyashesha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kufanele ziphuze cishe ilitha loketshezi ngosuku ngaphandle kwalolo eziluthola ekudleni. Ngokwesilinganiso, ziphuza okungaphansi ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kulokhu—futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziphuziswa ngenkani. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi esimweni esisodwa kwezinhlanu, umzali wenqaba lapho ingane icela okuphuzwayo. Yisiphi isiphuzo esingcono kakhulu? Uma kulondekile, amanzi angcono, kusho i-Test.