Ukubuka Okwezwe
Izinhlekelele Ezaqopha Umlando Ngo-2000
Inkampani egunyaza umshuwalense iMunich Re ibika ukuthi kwaba nenani eliyingqopha-mlando lezinhlekelele zemvelo emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka ka-2000. Sekukonke, kwabikwa izinhlekelele ezingaphezu kuka-850, ezabulala abantu abangu-10 000 zabangela nomonakalo ongamaRandi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-240. Nakuba lalilikhulu inani lezinhlekelele ezingokwemvelo, ukulahlekelwa ngokwezimali nokufa kwabantu kwakuphansi kakhulu kunangonyaka owawandulele. Umbiko wezindaba wale nkampani uthi lokho kungenxa yokuthi izinhlekelele eziningi zenzeka ezindaweni ezingaminyene. Iziphepho zabangela umonakalo wezindleko zomshuwalense ezingamaphesenti angu-73, kanti izikhukhula zabangela ezingamaphesenti angu-23. Lo mbiko uthi “umonakalo obangelwa yizinhlekelele ezingokwemvelo kumelwe kulindelwe ukuba uqhubeke ukhula esikhathini esizayo” ngenxa yokwanda kwenani labantu nokukhuphuka kwentengo yezindawo.
Izimvilophi Eziveza Okuphakathi
Umagazini i-New Scientist ubika ukuthi inkampani ethile yase-United States yenzé isifutho “esenza izimvilophi ezivalekile ziveze okuphakathi,” ngaphandle kokushiya amabala. Lesi sifutho sisebenza ezimvilophini zayo yonke imibala futhi “siwuketshezi olungenangozi, olungenabuthi nolungayilimazi imvelo,” kusho umkhulumeli wale nkampani uBob Schlagel. USchlagel unezela ngokuthi ngaphandle kokushiya iphunga elihlala imizuzu eyishumi noma engu-15, “uyinki osemvilophini noma encwadini awusuleki, akusali mabala amanzi, akusali ngisho nobufakazi obuncane.” Lo mkhiqizo wenzelwa ukusiza izinhlangano zezomthetho zikwazi ukuthungatha izincwadi ezinamabhomu namanye amaphasela angase abe yingozi. Kodwa-ke, lesi sifutho singasetshenziselwa nokufunda izincwadi ezivaliwe, okwaholela esinye isikhulu sokulwelwa kwamalungelo abantu ukuba sithi lo mkhiqizo uphula izimiso.
Ukundiza Kwezinyosi
Ikhono lezinyosi lokundiza zisuke esidlekeni ziye ezimbalini ziphinde zibuye laziwa kahle. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi iqulo lezinyosi ezifudukayo zase-Assam, enyakatho yeNdiya, lihamba amakhulu amakhilomitha, kamuva lingabuyeli nje esihlahleni esifanayo kodwa kulo kanye igatsha elinesidleke izihlobo zalo ezazihlala kuso eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili! Okwenza lokhu kumangalise kangaka ukuthi izinyosi eziyizisebenzi ziphila izinyanga nje ezintathu kuphela noma ngaphansi. Ngakho izinyosi ezibuyela ekhaya zisuke ziyizizukulwane ezithile ngemva kwezinyosi ezakha isidleke sokuqala. Ukuthi ziyithola kanjani indlela ebuyela emuva kuseyimfihlakalo. Iphephandaba i-Sydney Morning Herald libika ukuthi kungenzeka kuhileleke ikhono lokuhogela. Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi uqumbu osuke esaphila ngaleso sikhathi ngandlela-thile uyalela ezinye izinyosi ngokudansa, ezibonisa ukuthi zindize zishone ngakuphi.
Ulimi Nobuchopho
I-Science News ibika ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili zobuchopho ezisetshenziswa abantu abezwayo ukuze baqonde futhi bakhulume ulimi, zibuye zisetshenziswe yizithulu lapho zikhuluma ngezandla. Lo mbiko uthi ukuhlolwa kobuchopho kubonisa ukuthi “lezi zingxenye zobuchopho zisebenza ngokushesha ezithulwini ezikhuluma ngezandla.” NgokukaLaura-Ann Petitto waseMcGill University eMontreal, owayehola kulolu cwaningo, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lezi zingxenye zobuchopho zilawula “izici eziyinhloko zolimi ezingase zivezwe ngokukhuluma ngomlomo noma ngokukhuluma ngezandla.” Lokhu kugcizelela isidingo sokucwaninga ngokwengeziwe ngekhono lobuchopho bomuntu lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ekukhuthazeni ulimi. I-Science News ithi: “Kunokuhlobana okukhulu phakathi kwezingxenye zobuchopho ezithintekayo lapho umuntu ekhuluma ngomlomo nalapho ekhuluma ngezandla.”
Ukwamukela Ubufebe
I-Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung ibika ukuthi inkantolo ethile eJalimane isinqume ukuthi ubufebe “abukona ngempela ukuziphatha okubi,” uma bungahileli ukunxenxa kobugebengu. Inkantolo yomthetho yaseBerlin ikhiphe isinqumo sokuthi isitolo esithile eBerlin-Wilmersdorf singaqhubeka sisebenza, nakuba izifebe zisisebenzisela ukuxhumana namakhasimende azo bese ziqasha amagumbi eduze kwakhona. Amajaji athi isinqumo sawo sibonisa ukushintsha kombono womphakathi ngobufebe. Inhlolo-vo yabantu abangu-1 002 yabonisa ukuthi abangamaphesenti angu-62 babenomuzwa wokuthi ubufebe kufanele bubhekwe njengebhizinisi elivamile. La majaji athi inhlolo-vo yesibili yembula ukuthi iningi lalinomuzwa wokuthi “ukuhileleka kwezinkonzo zobulili emnothweni” waseJalimane kade kwenzeka.
Ukulala Kanye Nenkumbulo
I-Independent yaseLondon ithi abacwaningi bobuthongo bathole ukuthi ukulala kahle ebusuku, esikhundleni sokwephuza ukulala umatasa ngokuthile, “kuyimfuneko eyinhloko yenkumbulo enhle emasontweni alandelayo.” UProfesa Robert Stickgold waseHarvard Medical School wasebenzisa amavolontiya angu-24—isigamu sawo savunyelwa ukulala ebusuku ngemva kokufunda, kuyilapho abanye bagcinwa bephapheme ubusuku bonke. Womabili la maqembu abe eselala kahle ubusuku obubili obulandelayo ukuze iqembu lababengalalanga liphumule. Ukuhlolwa kwenkumbulo kwabonisa ukuthi labo abalala ngobusuku bokuqala “babengcono kakhulu emisebenzini edinga inkumbulo, kuyilapho iqembu lesibili lingazange libonise intuthuko, nakuba lanikezwa ithuba lokulala ukuze liphumule.” Ngenxa yokuthi ukulala kusiza ekuthuthukiseni inkumbulo, le miphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukutadisha esikhundleni sokulala—ikakhulukazi ubuthongo bokuqala obunzima, noma ubuthongo be-“slow wave”—akusizi ngalutho.
Izingozi Zokonakala Kwezakhi EChernobyl
“Izitshalo ezimila eduze kwesikhungo senuzi esonakele eChernobyl e-Ukraine ziye zatholakala zinomonakalo wezakhi ophindwe kasithupha kunezitshalo ezivamile,” kubika i-Independent yaseLondon. Abacwaningi baseSwitzerland, eBrithani nase-Ukraine batshala izilimo ezimbili ezifanayo zikakolweni—esisodwa enhlabathini enobuthi kanti esinye ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angu-30 enhlabathini efanayo kodwa engenabuthi. Base besebenzisa imbewu yalezi zilimo ukutshala izilimo ezengeziwe kuzo zombili lezi zindawo. Nakuba wawuchayeke emisebeni engenamandla kakhulu, ukolweni oseduze kwesikhungo waba nezinga eliphakeme ngokushaqisayo lomonakalo wezakhi. Ososayensi abakhathazekile baxwayisa ngokuthi ukuchayeka ngokuqhubekayo emisebeni enjalo kungaba nemiphumela engakaziwa kuze kube manje. Le miphumela ibangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngezizukulwane ezizayo zezitshalo, izilwane nabantu abachayeka emisebeni ephuma eChernobyl.
Abesilisa Nabesifazane Balalela Ngendlela Engafani
I-Discovery.com News ibika ukuthi abacwaningi batholé ukuthi abesifazane basebenzisa zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ukuze balalele, kuyilapho amadoda esebenzisa uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela lobuchopho bawo. Ocwaningweni, amadoda angu-20 nabesifazane abangu-20 bahlolwa ubuchopho kuyilapho belalele ikhasethi lencwadi eqoshiwe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kobuchopho kwabonisa ukuthi amadoda alalela ngokuyinhloko ngohlangothi lwesokunxele lobuchopho, oluhlobene nokulalela nokukhuluma. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesifazane basebenzisa zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho. UDkt. Joseph T. Lurito, isekela likaprofesa we-radiology e-Indiana University School of Medicine, uthi: “Ucwaningo lwethu lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlaziya ulimi kuhlukile phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ukusebenza kobuchopho kuyahluka.” UDkt. Lurito uthi olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abesifazane “bangakwazi ukulalela izingxoxo ezimbili kanye kanye.”
Inkolo Yokuzakhela
Ithonya lenkolo liyancipha eFrance. Lesi esinye seziphetho zenhlolo-vo eyaxhaswa umagazini wamaKatolika i-Vie. Lapho becelwa ukuba bakhethe ohlwini lwezinto ezingu-14, amaphesenti angu-7 kuphela alabo okwaxoxwa nabo akhetha “ukunxanela okungokomoya” njengento ebalulekile kuwo. Ngaphambi kweminako engokomoya kwakhethwa isikhathi sokungcebeleka, ukuphumelela emsebenzini, inkululeko yomuntu siqu, ukuphila okungokwesiko, ubulili nokuchuma ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngokwezazi zokuhlalisana kwabantu uPierre Bréchon noGérard Mermet, le nhlolo-vo ibonisa ukuthi inkolo ixhomeke kulokho abantu abakukhethayo. Ngamuphi umqondo? Abantu “bahlanganisa” izinkolo ezihlukahlukene, bakhethe “lokho okubonakala kuvumelana nendlela yabo yokuphila nemibono yabo,” kusho uBréchon.
Ukuzibulala Okusemthethweni
I-NRC Handelsblad yaseRotterdam ibika ukuthi ngo-April nyakenye elaseNetherlands laba yizwe lokuqala ekugunyazeni ukuzibulala ngokomthetho ngokucela usizo. ISishaya-mthetho saseNetherlands sagunyaza lokho okuthiwa umthetho wokubulala komusa ngamavoti angu-46 kwangu-28. Lo mthetho uvumela odokotela ukuba basize ekubulaleni iziguli ezigulela ukufa noma ezibhekene “nokuhlupheka” okungapheli nokungabekezeleleki. Izishaya-mthetho zaseNetherlands zifuna ukuba iziguli ezifuna ukuzibulala zihlangabezane neziqondiso ezilandelayo eziqatha: Kufanele kube yisiguli esicela ngokuzithandela. Isiguli nodokotela kumelwe bavumelane ngokuthi alikho elinye ikhambi elinengqondo elingamukeleka kogulayo. Kumelwe kube nomunye udokotela ozimele okungenani oyedwa ohlola isiguli. Futhi ukubulawa kwesiguli kumelwe kwenziwe ngendlela eyamukelekayo kwezokwelapha.