Izwe Eligcwele Iziphethu Ezishisayo

EMINYAKENI engu-2 000, amaCelt akha endaweni eyayineziphethu, futhi ayiqamba ngokuthi i-Ak-Ink, okusho ukuthi “Amanzi Amaningi.” Namuhla, i-Ak-Ink yaziwa ngokuthi iBudapest—inhloko-dolobha yaseHungary futhi engelinye lamadolobha amadala kakhulu eYurophu. Izifiki zokuqala zazijabulela ukubhukuda ngezikhathi ezithile eziphethwini ezinamanzi ashisayo, ayeqabula ethoba futhi adambise izinhlungu.

Ngekhulu lokuqala C.E., le ngxenye yeYurophu yaba ngaphansi kombuso wamaRoma. AmaRoma ayandisa indawo okwakwakhiwe kuyo akha ikamu lamasosha, alibiza ngokuthi i-Aquincum. Leli gama kukholelwa ukuthi lithathwe kwelesiCeltic elisho amanzi noma enkulumweni yesiLatini ethi aqua quinque, esho ukuthi “amachibi ayisihlanu.” AmaRoma akha imihubhe yamanzi, amapayipi okuthutha indle namachibi, kokubili awasezindlini zabantu nawomphakathi. Ngakho-ke iziphethu zaseBudapest zinomlando omude.

Ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka uMbuso WamaRoma uwile la machibi aqala ukuthandwa futhi. Ngekhulu le-15, ababhali bangaleso sikhathi bawancoma amachibi ashisayo aseduze nenhloko-dolobha yaseHungary, ngaleyo ndlela benza leli dolobha lathandwa kakhulu. INkosi uMatthias Corvinus, eyabusa iHungary kusukela ngo-1458 kuya ku-1490, kuthiwa yaxhuma ichibi layo elithandayo, iRácz, nenqaba yasebukhosini ngephasishi elifulelwe. Ngakho leli chibi lalisetshenziswa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani.

Phakathi nekhulu le-16 nele-17, abantu baseTurkey base begcwele endaweni enkulu yaseHungary, kuhlanganise nasenhloko-dolobha. Bakha amachibi akhipha isitimu nawamanzi ashisayo, womabili ayefeza indima ebalulekile emkhosini wamaSulumane wokugeza futhi ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila okuvamile kwabantu baseTurkey. Amachibi okugeza aseTurkey ayenophahla phezulu futhi ezungezwe yizitebhisi. Amanzi ayefinyelela emahlombe. Obhavu nezindawo zokuphumula kwakuzungezwe amachibi futhi kwakusetshenziswa abesilisa nabesifazane ngokuhlukana. Amanye ala machibi asekhona.

Ngo-1673 incwadi yezokuvakasha yachaza amachibi okugeza asendaweni manje eyaziwa ngokuthi iBudapest ngokuthi aphakathi kwamachibi amahle kakhulu eYurophu ngenxa “yeziphethu zawo ezishisayo eziningi namandla okwelapha, kanye nobukhulu bezakhiwo zokugeza nobuhle bazo.” Ekhulwini le-19, ukugeza emachibini kwathandwa kakhulu lapho kufika igumbi lesitimu labaseFinland, noma i-sauna. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwanezelwa amagumbi esitimu namachibi anamanzi abandayo kula machibi aseBudapest.

Ukuma Kwendawo

Iziphethu ezishisayo zaseBudapest ezingu-123 nezingu-400 ezinamanzi ababayo zikhipha amalitha angaba yizigidi ezingu-70 amanzi ngosuku. Kungani zikhipha amanzi amaningi kangaka? Impendulo itholakala ekumeni kwale ndawo.

UMfula iDanube, onqamula eBudapest, uhlukanisa amagquma aseBuda, angasosebeni olusentshonalanga, namathafa aphansi asePest, angasempumalanga yawo. Esikhathini esithile endulo, le ndawo yayimbozwe ulwandle futhi lwashiya izinsalela zegwadle ne-dolomite. La madwala agqitshwa ubumba, i-marlstone, isihlabathi futhi agqitshwa amalahle.

Imifantu esenhlabathini ivumela amanzi emvula ukuba angene aye ekujuleni, lapho eshisiswa khona amadwala ashisayo anamaminerali amaningi. Njengoba la manzi ebila futhi enomfutho, abe esetshaza abuyele phezulu, aphume ngemifantu noma aphumele emachibini.

Lesi simo sokuma kwendawo asitholakali eBudapest kuphela kodwa nakulo lonke elaseHungary. Ngenxa yalokho, izindawo eziningi kuleli zwe zinamanzi anamaminerali amaningi namachibi amahle, abanye abakholelwa ukuthi ayelapha.a

Sekuyisikhathi eside iziphethu ezishisayo zaziswa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Kwaze kwakhulunywa ngokutholakala kwazo ogwadule lwaseSeyiri, phakathi koLwandle Olufile neGulf of Aqaba, ngezikhathi zeBhayibheli zezinzalamizi.—Genesise 36:24.

Kuningi umuntu asazokufunda ngezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zomhlaba esiphila kuwo. UNkulunkulu wazibeka kanjani ngempela izisekelo zomhlaba futhi wenza zonke izinto ezimangalisayo kuwo? Ukuzindla ngemibuzo enjengale kushukumisa abantu abesaba uNkulunkulu ukuba basale bekhexile ngenxa yokuhlakanipha koMdali okungenakulinganiswa.—Jobe 38:4-6; Roma 1:20.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Isithombe ekhasini 24, 25]

Ubhavu onamanzi esiphethu ashisayo eGellért Hotel

[Isithombe ekhasini 24]

AmaChibi aseRudas, akhiwa abaseTurkey

[Isithombe ekhasini 24, 25]

AmaChibi aseSzéchenyi ebusika

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 24]

All photos: Courtesy of Tourism Office of Budapest