Ukukhumuzeka Kwamathambo—Isifo Esikudla Buthule

U-Anna, oneminyaka engu-19, wayelulama kahle esifweni sokuzincisha ukudla lapho ewa engazelele futhi elimala kabi eqolo. Waphuka amathambo amabili omgogodla futhi ubude bakhe bancipha ngamasentimitha amahlanu. Lokhu kwakubangelwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.

IGAMA lesiNgisi lalesi sifo elithi “osteoporosis” ngokwezwi nezwi lisho “ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.” Kuthiwa kuyisifo esidla umuntu buthule ngoba ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu zokuphela kwamathambo kuze kube yilapho esebuthaka kangangokuba umuntu aphuke lapho ephethe into esindayo, engqubuzeka noma ewa. Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu, izimbambo, amathambo omgogodla noma izihlakala. Abantu bavame ukucabanga ukuthi ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kwenzeka kwabesifazane asebekhulile, ababuthaka. Nokho, njengoba isimo sika-Anna sibonisa, ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kungayihlasela nentsha.

Usongo Olukhulu Lwempilo

I-International Osteoporosis Foundation ibika ukuthi “e-European Union, kunothile ophukayo ngenxa yokukhumuzeka kwamathambo njalo ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-30.” E-United States, abantu abayizigidi eziyishumi banalesi sifo, kanti abanye abayizigidi ezingu-34 basengozini yokuba naso ngenxa yokuba namathambo abuthaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-U.S. National Institutes of Health ibika ukuthi “owesifazane oyedwa kwababili nowesilisa oyedwa kwabane abaneminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu bayophuka ngenxa yokukhumuzeka kwamathambo esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo.” Futhi akubonakali ukuthi lesi simo sizoba ngcono.

Iphephabhuku i-Bulletin of the World Health Organization lithi inani labantu abaphuka ngenxa yokukhumuzeka kwamathambo kulindeleke ukuba liphindeke kabili kule minyaka engu-50 ezayo. Kungenzeka lezi zibalo zisekelwe enanini lasebekhulile okulindeleke ukuba lande. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela iyesabisa. Ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kubangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu, ngisho nokufa. Cishe amaphesenti angu-25 abantu abaneminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu abaphuka izinqulu bayafa ungakapheli unyaka ngenxa yezinkinga zokwelashwa.

Ingabe Usengozini?

Ucwaningo lwamuva nje lubonisa ukuthi ufuzo lunomthelela omkhulu. Uma abazali benomlando wokuphuka izinqulu, ithuba lokuba izingane zabo ziphuke ngendlela efanayo lingase liphindeke cishe kabili. Enye ingozi ukungondleki kahle kombungu, okubangela ukungaqini kwamathambo ezinganeni. Bese kuba khona nendaba yokukhula. Njengoba abantu bekhula, ngokuvamile amathambo abo aya ngokuya eba buthaka. Ezinye izifo, njengesifo i-Cushing, isifo sikashukela nokusebenza ngokweqile kwendlala ye-thyroid, nazo zingabangela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.

Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane kubangela ukwehla kwe-estrogen egcina amathambo eqinile. Lokhu kuyisizathu esenza ukuba kube nenani labesifazane eliphindwe cishe kane kunelabesilisa elihlaselwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo. Ukuncipha kwe-estrogen okubangelwa ukuhlinzwa kowesifazane akhishwe amashubhu esizalo kungabangela ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi esifanele.

Izinto ezibangela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo umuntu angase akwazi ukuzishintsha zihlanganisa indlela adla futhi aphile ngayo. Ukudla okungenayo i-calcium novithamini D owanele kunomthelela ekuwohlokeni kwamathambo. Ukudla usawoti kakhulu kungase kuyandise ingozi, ngoba kukhuthaza umzimba ukuba ukhiphe i-calcium. Ukuphuza ngokweqile, okuvame ukwenza abantu bangadli kahle, nakho kunomthelela ekuwohlokeni kwamathambo.

Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni, u-Anna wahlaselwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo ngenxa yokungadli ngendlela efanele. Leso sifo samenza wagcina engondlekile, ezacile futhi engasayi ngisho nasesikhathini. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba wakhe wawungasayikhiphi i-estrogen, okwenza amathambo akhe aba buthakathaka.

Okunye okubangela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo ukungawuvocavoci umzimba. Ukubhema nakho kuyingozi, ngoba kunciphisa amaminerali asemathanjeni. Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-8 ophuka inqulu kusuke kungenxa yokubhema. Nokho, ucwaningo lwembula ukuthi uma umuntu eyeka ukubhema, kuyancipha ukuwohloka kwamathambo nengozi yokuphuka.

Ukuvimbela Ukukhumuzeka Kwamathambo

Isisekelo sokuvimbela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo sibekwa lapho umuntu esemncane. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho amathambo omuntu eqina khona ngamaphesenti angu-90. I-calcium, eyisakhi esibalulekile samathambo aqinile, igcinwa emathanjeni ngokuyinhloko. Eminye imithombo eyinhloko ye-calcium ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo, njenge-yogurt noshizi; inhlanzi usadinsi ne-salmon esethinini (uyidle namathambo); ama-alimondi; i-oatmeal; izinhlamvu ze-sesame; i-tofu; nemifino eluhlaza.

Ukuze umzimba umunce i-calcium, kubalulekile ukuba kube novithamini D. Lo vithamini ukhiqizwa yisikhumba uma sithola ilanga. UManuel Mirassou Ortega, udokotela wezifo zangaphakathi oyilungu le-Mexican Bone and Mineral Metabolism Association, wachaza: “Ukuthamela isigcaki imizuzu eyishumi ngosuku kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo, ngoba kunika umuntu ama-unit angu-600 kavithamini D.” Lo vithamini ungathokalala nasekudleni okunjengamaqanda, inhlanzi edotshwe olwandle nesibindi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvocavoca umzimba ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo. Lapho umuntu esakhula, ukuvocavoca umzimba kusiza ekuqiniseni amathambo, kanti lapho esekhulile kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuwohloka kwawo. Kutuswa kakhulu ukuzivocavoca ngokuphakamisa izinsimbi, okusiza imisipha ukuba isebenze kodwa okungawakhandli amathambo namalunga. Ukuhambahamba, ukugibela izitebhisi ngisho nokudansa kuyizindlela ezilula kodwa eziphumelelayo zokuvocavoca umzimba.a

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo esidla umuntu buthule kungasiza kakhulu ekulweni naso. Njengoba sesibonile, lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukushintsha indlela umuntu adla futhi aphile ngayo ukuze agcine amathambo eqinile futhi enamandla. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kubantu abaningi abangawunyakazisi kakhulu umzimba, kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukushintsha leyo ndlela yokuphila. Kodwa yeka izinzuzo ezitholwa yilabo abenza umzamo wokwenza kanjalo! Phakathi kwezinye izinto, bangase bagweme ukuba phakathi kwezigidi emhlabeni wonke ezinesifo sokukhumuzeka kwamathambo.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 21]

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kungase kuhlanganise ukushintsha indlela umuntu adla futhi aphile ngayo ukuze agcine amathambo eqinile futhi enamandla

[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 19]

Ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kubonakala ngokuwohloka nokuba buthaka kwawo, okuwenza aphuke kalula. Kungahlonzwa ngomshini wokulinganisa izinga lamaminerali emathanjeni, okhipha imisebe enamandla amancane.

[Izithombe]

Ithambo Elinempilo

Ithambo Elikhumuzekayo

[Umthombo]

© BSIP/Photo Researchers, Inc.

[Isithombe ekhasini 20]

Ukuvocavoca umzimba kungasiza ekunqandeni ukuwohloka kwamathambo

[Izithombe ekhasini 20]

Ama-alimondi nemikhiqizo yobisi kuyimithombo emihle kakhulu ye-“calcium”