Umdlavuza Webele—Ongase Ukulindele Nendlela Yokubhekana Nesimo

UCONCHITA wayengenalutho olubonakala lungambeka engozini yokuba nomdlavuza.a Wayeneminyaka engu-40, ewumqemane futhi kwakungenamuntu emkhayeni wakubo owayeke waba nomdlavuza. Ukuhlolelwa umdlavuza ayevame ukukwenza kwakungabonisanga lutho olungajwayelekile. Kodwa ngolunye usuku lapho ehlola amabele akhe njengoba egeza, wezwa kuneguludla. Kwatholakala ukuthi umdlavuza. UConchita nomyeni wakhe babehleli bekhungathekile njengoba udokotela ebachazela izindlela zokwelapha abangakhetha kuzo.

Esikhathini esidlule, udokotela wayevele atshele owesifazane onomdlavuza webele ukuthi into engase imsize i-radical mastectomy—okuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa eshiya izibazi lapho kususwe khona ibele, izindlala zamanzi ezisesifubeni nezisemakhwapheni nezicubu ezisesifubeni. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe kwakuvame ukwenza lolu sizi luqhubeke isikhathi eside. Kungakho abaningi babesaba kakhulu “ukwelashwa” kunesifo ngokwaso.

Impi yokulwa nomdlavuza webele ibilokhu iqhubeka phakathi komzamo wokunqoba lesi sifo nesifiso sokugwema ukuba nezibazi ezingadingekile nezinhlungu ezihambisana nokuselapha. Njengasendabeni kaConchita, namuhla kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha lo mdlavuza iziguli ezingakhetha kuzo.b Kanti nocwaningo oluqhubekayo lwezokwelapha nemibiko yabezindaba kuthembisa ukuthi ukutholakala kwezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha, ukuxilonga umuntu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akekho yini engozini yokuba nomdlavuza nokudla ukudla okuvikela ekungenweni umdlavuza, kuzogcina kusinqobile lesi sifo.

Nokho, naphezu kwentuthuko yezokwelapha, umdlavuza webele usahamba phambili ezinhlotsheni zomdlavuza ezibulala abesifazane.c Amazwe asethuthukile aseNyakatho Melika nawaseNtshonalanga Yurophu anamanani aphakeme abantu abanomdlavuza, kodwa liyanda nenani labanalesi sifo e-Asia nase-Afrika, okuyizindawo ebezinamanani aphansi ngokomlando. Empeleni, izinga lokufa labanalesi sifo e-Asia nase-Afrika liphakeme kakhulu. Kungani? Omunye udokotela wase-Afrika uthi, “Izimpawu zokuqala azinakwa. Abaningi beza kithi lapho umdlavuza usuhambe kakhulu.”

Amathuba okuba nomdlavuza ayanda njengoba umuntu ekhula. Bangamaphesenti angu-80 abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50 abanomdlavuza. Nokho, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umdlavuza webele ungolunye lohlobo lomdlavuza owelaphekayo. Empeleni, amaphesenti angu-97 abesifazane umdlavuza otholakale usaqala kubo basuke besaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu isifo satholakala. Kusanda kuphela iminyaka emihlanu lo mdlavuza watholakala kuConchita.

Incazelo Eyisisekelo Ngomdlavuza Webele

NjengakuConchita, umdlavuza webele uvame ukuba iguludla elingaqondakali. Nokho, ngenhlanhla amaphesenti angu-80 alawo maguludla awayona ingozi noma azimele wodwa, kwamaningi kumane kunoketshezana olufana nobovu.

Umdlavuza webele uqala ngokuba yingqamuzana elizihambela lodwa bese lizalana ngendlela engalawuleki, kancane kancane liphenduke isimila. Isimila siba ingozi noma siba umdlavuza lapho izinhlayiyana zaso zingena kwezinye izicubu. Ezinye izimila zikhula ngokushesha; ezinye zingathatha iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokuba zibonakale.

Ukuze ahlole umdlavuza kuConchita, udokotela wakhe wasebenzisa inaliti encanyana ukuze athathe isampula kuleli guludla liyohlolwa. Kwatholakala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Wabe esehlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila nezicubu zebele ezizungezile nokuba kubonakale ukuthi isimila sase sikusiphi isigaba futhi sikhula ngesivinini esingakanani.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, iziguli eziningi zithola ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi sifo singaqali phansi noma singasabalali. Amangqamuzana omdlavuza angasuka esimileni ahambe ngemithambo yegazi noma yamanzi abese akha isimila kwenye indawo. Ukudlulela komdlavuza ezithweni ezibalulekile nasezicutshini—ubuchopho, isibindi, umnkantsha noma amaphaphu—yikona okwenza lesi sifo sibulale.

UConchita welashwa ngemisebe nangamakhemikhali ukuze kubulawe amangqamuzana omdlavuza azulazulayo eduze nalapho eqale khona nakuwo wonke umzimba. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza olumphethe lubangelwa yi-hormone okuthiwa i-estrogen, ubuye asebenzise nemithi elwa nale hormone ukuze kunqandwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza angakheki kwezinye izingxenye.

Intuthuko eyenziwe ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele inikeza iziguli ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingakhetha kuzo kuye ngobudala bazo, isimo sazo sempilo, umlando walesi sifo nohlobo lwaso. Ngokwesibonelo, kowesifazane okuthiwa u-Arlette, ukuxilongwa kwayiveza ingakadluleli emidugwini yobisi. Ngakho wahlinzwa kwasuswa isimila nezicutshana ezisizungezile, okwenza ibele lakhe langathinteka. U-Alice welashwa ngamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe isimila. Udokotela ohlinzayo kaJanice wasusa nje kuphela isimila nendlala okuthiwa i-sentinel lymph, engeyokuqala okungena kuyo uketshezi lwesimila. Ngenxa yokuthi le ndlala yayingenawo amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ezinye izindlala zayekwa. Lokhu kwanciphisa ingozi yokuba uJanice abe nenkinga yokuvuvukala kwezicubu, ukuvuvukala kwengalo okwenzeka lapho izindlala zamanzi eziningi zikhishiwe.

Kuningi okwaziwayo ngokukhula komdlavuza webele, kodwa umbuzo obalulekile awukaphendulwa, Ubangelwa yini futhi uqala kanjani?

Ubangelwa Yini?

Kuseyindida ukuthi umdlavuza webele ubangelwa yini. Abagxeki bathi kuningi ukucwaninga kanye nokuxilongwa okwenziwayo, okungenisa inzuzo enkulu—kunokuthola izimbangela zawo nendlela yokuvikeleka. Noma kunjalo, kunomhlahlandlela obalulekile ososayensi asebewutholile. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lo mdlavuza ubangelwa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi nenezinyathelo eziningana, kusukela esakhini sofuzo esingafanele esibangela ukuba amangqamuzana enze ngendlela engavamile—azalane ngokushesha okukhulu, angene kwezinye izicubu, agweme ukubulawa amasosha omzimba futhi ahlasele izitho zomzimba ezibalulekile ngesinyenyela.

Zivelaphi lezi zakhi zofuzo ezenza lokhu? Ezimweni ezingamaphesenti amahlanu kuya kwayishumi, abesifazane bazalwa nazo izakhi zofuzo ezibabeka engozini yokuba nalesi sifo. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi ezimweni eziningi, amangqamuzana ofuzo alinyazwa izinto ezivela ngaphandle komzimba—imisebe namakhemikhali kuhamba phambili kulokhu. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo lungase lukuqinisekise lokhu.

Okunye okunomthelela kuba yi-hormone okuthiwa i-estrogen, okubonakala sengathi iyona ebangela ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele. Ngakho, amathuba okuba owesifazane abe nomdlavuza angaba makhulu uma eqale esemncane kakhulu ukuya esikhathini noma ephuzile ukunqamuka kunokujwayelekile, uma eqala ukukhulelwa esemdala noma engakaze nhlobo akhulelwe, noma uma ake elashwa ngokujovwa nge-hormone. Ngenxa yokuthi amafutha akhiqiza i-estrogen, ukukhuluphala kungawandisa amathuba okuba nalesi sifo kwabesifazane asebedlulile enkathini yokuya esikhathini, nakuba izindlala zabo ezikhiqiza amaqanda seziyekile ukukhiqiza ama-hormone. Ezinye izinto ezandisa le ngozi ukuba ne-hormone eningi okuthiwa i-insulin nezinga eliphansi le-hormone ebangela ubuthongo okuthiwa i-melatonin, inkinga evame ukukhathaza abantu abasebenza ebusuku.

Ingabe sekusondele ukuba kutholakale ikhambi lomdlavuza webele eliphumelela kakhudlwana nelingesabeki kangako? Abacwaningi benza izindlela zokwelapha ezihilela ukusetshenziswa kwamasosha omzimba womuntu namaphilisi ahlasela imigudu yamangqamuzana asekela ukwanda komdlavuza. Okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bokuthatha izithombe ze-X-ray kumelwe bubasize abezokwelapha ukuba belaphe ngemisebe ngendlela enembe kakhudlwana nephumelelayo.

Ososayensi nabo bamatasa bacwaninga ngezinye izici zomdlavuza, ezihlanganisa ukuthola imbangela yokusabalala kwawo, indlela yokunqoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza angafi lapho umuntu elashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuphazamisa isimiso esiqondisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana nokuthola ikhambi elinembile lesimila ngasinye.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, izifo azisoze zanqotshwa ezweni lanamuhla futhi abantu bazoqhubeka befa. (Roma 5:12) UMdali wethu kuphela ongaguqula lelo qiniso elidabukisayo. Kodwa ingabe uzokwenza lokho? IBhayibheli lithi yebo uzokwenza! Lithi isikhathi siyeza lapho ‘engekho ohlala khona oyothi: “Ngiyagula.”’d (Isaya 33:24) Yeka impumuzo lokho okuyoba yiyo!

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe emakhasini 24, 25]

IZIMPAWU OKUFANELE ZIBHEKWE

Kubalulekile ukuba usheshe utholakale umdlavuza, kodwa olunye ucwaningo luxwayisa ngokuthi ukuhlola amabele nokuwathwebula nge-X-ray kungase kunganembi ngokwanele kwabesifazane abasebasha, okungaholela ekwelashweni okungadingekile nasekukhathazekeni. Nokho, ochwepheshe baluleka abesifazane ukuba babheke izinguquko emabeleni abo nasezindlaleni zamanzi. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezingase zibhekwe:

● Iguludla noma ukudumba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yekhwapha noma yebele

● Ukuphuma kwanoma yiluphi uketshezi engonweni ngaphandle kobisi

● Noma yiluphi ushintsho lombala noma indlela esizwakala ngayo isikhumba uma usithinta

● Ukushona phakathi kwezingono noma ukuthamba kwazo ngendlela engavamile

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 25]

UMA KUTHOLAKALA UKUTHI UNOMDLAVUZA WEBELE

● Kulindele ukuthi ukwelashwa nokululama kuyothatha isikhathi esingangonyaka noma ngaphezulu.

● Uma kungenzeka, khetha udokotela okahle ozohlonipha izidingo nezinkolelo zakho.

● Wena nomkhaya wakho, nqumani ukuthi ubani enizomtshela nokuthi nizomtshela nini. Lokhu kuyokwenza abangane benu banibonise uthando futhi banithandazise.—1 Johane 3:18.

● Bhekana nokucindezeleka okungokomzwelo ngokufunda iBhayibheli, ukuthandaza nokuzindla ngezinto ezakhayo.—Roma 15:4; Filipi 4:6, 7.

● Xoxa nabanye abake baba nomdlavuza webele futhi abazokukhuthaza.—2 Korinte 1:7.

● Zama ukugxila ekukhathazekeni ngezinto zosuku kunezangosuku olulandelayo. UJesu wathi: “Ningalokothi nikhathazeke ngosuku olulandelayo, ngoba usuku olulandelayo luyoba nezalo izinkathazo.”—Mathewu 6:34.

● Yonga amandla akho. Kudingeka ulale ngokwanele.

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UKUKHULUMA NODOKOTELA WAKHO

● Funda amagama ayisisekelo aphathelene nokwelapha umdlavuza webele.

● Ngaphambi kokuba uyobona odokotela, bhala phansi imibuzo yakho futhi ucele umyeni wakho noma othile akuphelezele ukuze akusize ekubhaleni amaphuzu kadokotela.

● Uma udokotela esho into ongayiqondi, mcele akuchazele.

● Buza udokotela ukuthi bangaki abantu abanomdlavuza wohlobo olufana nolwakho aseke wabasiza.

● Uma kungenzeka, cela umbono womunye.

● Uma odokotela bakho bengavumelani, thola ukuthi imuphi osenesikhathi eside kulo mkhakha. Bacele babonisane ngesimo sakho.

[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 27]

UKUBHEKANA NEZINKINGA EZIHAMBISANA NOKWELASHWA

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza zibangela izinkinga ezinjengesicanucanu, ukuqothuka izinwele, ukucobeka, izinhlungu, ukuba ndikindiki noma ukunsonsotha kwezingalo, imilenze, izandla nezinyawo kanye nenkinga yesikhumba. Ukwenza okulandelayo kungazinciphisa lezo zinkinga:

● Yidla ukudla okunomsoco ukuze uqinise amasosha omzimba.

● Gcina umbhalo wezinga lamandla emzimbeni nendlela ukudla okuhlukahlukene okukuphatha ngayo.

● Phawula ukuthi imithi, ukwelashwa ngokuhlatshwa ngezinaliti noma ngokubhucungwa kuyasidambisa yini isicanucanu nezinhlungu.

● Zivocavoce ngokulinganisela ukuze ube namandla athe xaxa, ulawule isisindo somzimba futhi uthuthukise izinga lamasosha akho omzimba.e

● Phumula kaningana kodwa uqaphele ukuthi ukulala isikhathi eside kungakwenza ukhathale kakhulu.

● Gcina isikhumba sakho sithambile. Gqoka izingubo ezingakumpintshi. Geza ngamanzi afudumele.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 28]

UMA OTHANDEKAYO ENOMDLAVUZA

Ungamsekela kanjani othandekayo onomdlavuza? Sebenzisa lesi simiso seBhayibheli: “Jabulani nabantu abajabulayo; khalani nabantu abakhalayo.” (Roma 12:15) Bonisa ukuthi uyamthanda futhi uyamkhathalela ngokumshayela ucingo, ukumbhalela izincwadi, ukumthumelela amakhadi, i-e-mail nokumvakashela isikhashana. Thandazani ndawonye futhi nifunde nemiBhalo yeBhayibheli eduduzayo. “Ungakhulumi ngalabo ababulawa umdlavuza kodwa khuluma ngalabo abasinda,” kuncenga uBeryl, inkosikazi yesikhonzi esijikelezayo soFakazi BakaJehova. UJenice, owake waba nomdlavuza uyeluleka, “Vele uye kumngane wakho ufike umange. Uma efuna ukukhuluma ngendaba yesifo sakhe, uzokhuluma.” Abayeni ngokukhethekile kudingeka babaqinisekise omkabo ukuthi bayabathanda.

UGeoff uyakhumbula, “Sasivame ukuba nosuku lokungakhulumi nhlobo ngomdlavuza. Umkami wayezimisele ukuba impilo yakhe ingabi ukuphela kwento ebalulekile kithi. Ngakho sanquma ukuthi kuzoba nezinsuku lapho singeke sikhulume ngomdlavuza usuku lonke. Kunalokho, sasigxila ezicini ezinhle zokuphila kwethu. Kwakuba njengokungathi siphumule esifweni.”

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 28]

IZINKUMBULO

Lapho Ethola Ukuthi Unomdlavuza

USharon: Ukuphila kwami kwashintsha ngokuphazima kweso. Ngavele ngathi, “Sekuphelile ngami.”

Ngezikhathi Ezinzima Kakhulu

USandra: Ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo kubi kakhulu kunokwelashwa.

UMargaret: Ngemva kokuyokwelashwa okwesibili uthi, “Angizimisele nhlobo ukwenza le nto.” Kodwa umane ukwenze nje.

Mayelana Nabangane

U-Arlette: Sabatshela abangane bethu ukuze basithandazise.

UJenny: Akukho ukumamatheka, ukunqekuzisa ikhanda noma ukubingelelwa esasingakunaki.

Mayelana Nomyeni Osekelayo

UBarbara: Nganquma ukuzigunda izinwele zami ngaphambi kokuba ziziqothukele. UColin wathi, “Unekhanda elihle nje!” Lokho kwangihlekisa.

USandra: Sabheka isibuko ndawonye. Ngabuka ubuso bukaJoe futhi ngabona ukuthi akanankinga ngalokho ayekubona kimi.

USasha: UKarl wayethi kwabanye, “Sinomdlavuza.”

UJenny: Uthando lukaGeoff lwalungapheli futhi ingokomoya lakhe lalingenza ngiqiniseke futhi lalingashintshi.

[Umdwebo/Isithombe ekhasini 27]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

Amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphikisana neziqondiso ezisemzimbeni ngokuvele azalane futhi angene ezicutshini okungafanele angene kuzo

[Umdwebo]

Imigudu yobisi enamangqamuzana avamile

Isimila endaweni esiqala kuyo emgudwini wobisi

Ukusabalala komdlavuza usuka emgudwini wobisi

[Isithombe ekhasini 28]

Ingxenye ebalulekile yokwelapha abantu abanomdlavuza ukusekelwa ngothando okuvela emkhayeni nakubangane