“Isipho Esikhulu” SePoland
NGO-JULY 6, 1525, iNkosana u-Albrecht yozalo lwakwaHohenzollern yamemezela ukuthi inkolo yobuLuthela yayiyinkolo engokomthetho yoMbuso. Ngakho, isiFundazwe SasePrussia, esasiyisifundazwe sombuso wasePoland ngaleso sikhathi, saba umbuso wokuqala eYurophu ukwamukela ngokomthetho izimfundiso zikaMartin Luther.
U-Albrecht wayefuna ukwenza iKönigsberg—inhloko-dolobha yaseMpumalanga Prussia—ibe isikhungo sobuProthestani. Wavula iyunivesithi edolobheni, waxhasa nokunyatheliswa kwemibhalo kaLuther ngezilimi eziningana. Ngo-1544 le nkosana yamemezela nokuthi abantu bezifunda zayo abakhuluma isiPolish kwakufanele bezwe izingxenye zemiBhalo Engcwele zifundwa ngolimi lwabo. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi yayingekho inguqulo yeBhayibheli ngesiPolish.
Inguqulo “Yolimi Lwansuku Zonke”
Ukuze alungise leso simo, u-Albrecht waqala ukuthungatha umuntu owayengase akwazi ukuhumushela imiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki olimini lwesiPolish. Cishe ngo-1550, waqasha uJan Seklucjan owayengumbhali, umthengisi nomnyathelisi wezincwadi. USeklucjan wayeneziqu zase-University of Leipzig futhi ewuhlupho eSontweni LamaKatolika ngoba wayesakaza izimfundiso zobuProthestani. Empeleni, ngaphambili wayeye eKönigsberg ukuze abalekele ukuquliswa icala lokusakaza izinkolelo zakhe ezingokwenkolo.
UJan Seklucjan wayemagange ukuhumushela imiBhalo olimini lwesiPolish. Ngemva nje konyaka ephathiswe lo msebenzi, kwanyatheliswa amakhophi okuqala eVangeli likaMathewu. Leli Vangeli lalihlanganisa ukukhulunyelwa okuningiliziwe kanye nemibhalo eseceleni ewusizo eyayinezindlela ezihlukile izindinyana ezithile ezazingahunyushwa ngazo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uSeklucjan wengamela ukunyatheliswa kohlelo olwalunamaVangeli womane. Phakathi neminyaka emithathu nje kuphela wayesenyathelise yonke imiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki.
Ukuze le nguqulo inembe, umhumushi wayesebenzise imibhalo yesiGreki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isandulela senguqulo ka-1551 sathi “kwasetshenziswa” nezinguqulo zesiLatini kanye “nezinguqulo zezinye izilimi.” UStanisław Rospond, umbhali we-Studies on the Polish Language of the 16th Century, uthi le nguqulo ihunyushwe “ngolimi oluhle nolushelelayo.” URospond uthi umhumushi akazange azibophe ngokusebenzisa “ulimi olunzima.” Kunalokho, wazama ukusebenzisa amagama esiPolish “ayesondele kakhulu olimini lwansuku zonke.”
Nakuba uSeklucjan ayengumqondisi walo msebenzi, ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi akuyena owahumusha. Ngubani-ke owahumusha lo msebenzi omuhle kangaka? NguStanisław Murzynowski, insizwa cishe eyayisanda kweva eminyakeni engu-20 lapho uSeklucjan eyicela ukuba yenze lo msebenzi onzima kangaka.
UMurzynowski wazalelwa emaphandleni, kodwa lapho esemdala ngokwanele uyise wamyisa eKönigsberg ukuba ayofunda isiGreki nesiHebheru. Ngemva kwalokho, uMurzynowski wabhalisa e-University of Wittenberg, eJalimane, indawo okungenzeka ukuthi wahlangana kuyo noMartin Luther. Lo mfundi osemncane walalela lapho uPhilipp Melanchthon efundisa, okungangabazeki ukuthi nguye owamsiza ukuba asiqonde kahle isiGreki nesiHebheru. Ngemva kokuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe e-Italy, uMurzynowski waphindela eKönigsberg futhi wacela ukusiza iNkosana u-Albrecht.
Encwadini yakhe ethi The Bible in the Polish Language, uMaria Kossowska uthi “uMurzynowski wasebenza ngenkuthalo futhi wenza umsebenzi omuhle, kodwa akazange afune udumo luze kuye, afune isikhundla esiphakeme noma acele ukuba igama lakhe libhalwe ekhasini lokuqala lale nguqulo.” Nakhu okwabhalwa yiyo le nsizwa ngamakhono ayo: “Kuzo zombili lezi zilimi, isiLatini nesiPolish, alukho engilubhala kahle.” Naphezu kokungazethembi, uMurzynowski waba neqhaza elikhulu ekwenzeni ukuba abantu abakhuluma isiPolish bathole iZwi likaNkulunkulu. Uzakwabo, uSeklucjan, wachaza le nguqulo ngokuthi “isipho esikhulu” sePoland.
Esinye Sezipho Ezinkulu Kunazo Zonke
Kusukela kwakhishwa leyo nguqulo yokuqala yeBhayibheli, kuye kwalandela ezinye eziningi. Ngo-1994 kwakhishwa INguqulo Yezwe Elisha YemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki, ngo-1997 kwakhishwa INguqulo Yezwe Elisha YemiBhalo Engcwele ephelele ngesiPolish. Abahumushi abangazifuneli udumo, abagcinanga nje ngokuzama ukuhumusha iZwi likaNkulunkulu ngendlela enembile, kodwa bazama nokuhumusha ngendlela esondele kakhulu olimini olukhulunywa abantu nsuku zonke, hhayi ulimi olwalukhulunywa ngekhulu leminyaka le-16.
Namuhla iBhayibheli litholakala lilonke noma liyingxenye ngezilimi ezingaba ngu-2 400. Uma ukwazi ukuthola inguqulo enembile yeZwi likaNkulunkulu ngolimi lwakho, usuke unesipho esikhulu kunazo zonke, isipho esivela kuJehova uNkulunkulu ukuba sikuqondise.—2 Thimothewu 3:15-17.
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Itshe lesikhumbuzo likaStanisław Murzynowski, owahumusha “iThestamente Elisha” ngesiPolish
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Dziȩki uprzejmości Towarzystwa Naukowego Plockiego
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ISahluko 3 sencwadi kaMathewu eyahunyushwa uStanisław Murzynowski