Imizamo Yokuqeda Ubumpofu

IZIGWILI sezibuqedile ubumpofu, kodwa hhayi obabanye—obazo. Selokhu kwathi nhló, imizamo yokuqeda ubumpofu obukhungethe abantu ayiphumeleli. Kungani? Kungenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile abantu abacebile abafuni muntu othinta noma ophazamisa ingcebo yabo. INkosi uSolomoni yakwa-Israyeli wasendulo yabhala: “Bheka! izinyembezi zabacindezelwayo, kodwa babengenamduduzi; futhi ohlangothini lwabacindezeli babo kwakukhona amandla.”—UmShumayeli 4:1.

Ingabe abantu abavelele nabanegunya emphakathini bangabuqeda ubumpofu emhlabeni? USolomoni waphefumulelwa ukuba abhale: “Bheka! konke kwakuyize nokulwela ukufica umoya. Lokho okwenziwé kwagwegwa akunakuqondiswa.” (UmShumayeli 1:14, 15) Ake sizwe ngemizamo yanamuhla yokuqeda ubumpofu sibone ukuba yiqiniso kwala mazwi.

Amasu Okuchumisa Bonke Abantu

Ngekhulu leminyaka le-19, ngesikhathi amazwe athile ezibuthela umcebo ngokuhweba nangezimboni, abanye abantu abaqavile bayifakela izibuko indaba yobumpofu. Ingabe imikhiqizo yomhlaba yayingabiwa ngokulinganayo?

Abanye baba nombono wokuthi inqubo ye-socialism (amadlela-ndawonye) noma inqubo yobukhomanisi ingaba ikhambi lokuba bonke abantu emhlabeni balingane futhi ingcebo icazwe ngokulinganayo. Njengoba singase sicabange, izigwili azizange ziyenamele le mibono. Nokho, samukelwa kabanzi isiqubulo esithi, “Indlela umuntu asebenza ngayo, makube indlela azuza ngayo kuye ngezidingo zakhe.” Abaningi bafisa ukuba wonke amazwe amukele inqubo yamadlela-ndawonye ukuze umhlaba ube indawo okumnandi ukuhlala kuyo. Kunamazwe ambalwa acebile asebenzisa izici ezithile zenqubo yamadlela-ndawonye futhi asungula izinhlelo zenhlalakahle yomphakathi ezathembisa ukunakekela zonke izakhamuzi “kusukela zizalwa kuze kube yilapho zifa.” Lawo mazwe athi aye akwazi ukuqeda ubumpofu obabusongela ukuphila kwabantu bawo.

Nokho, inqubo yamadlela-ndawonye ayizange iwufinyelele umgomo wayo wokwakha umphakathi wabantu abangebona ogombela kwesabo. Umgomo wokuba abantu basebenzele ukuzuzisa wonke umphakathi kunokuzizuzisa bona, wagcina ungafinyelelwangwa. Abanye bacasulwa indaba yokuthi kufanele basize abampofu, bathi amalungiselelo okuba basizwe enza abanye bavilaphe. Amazwi eBhayibheli aye aba iqiniso: “Akekho umuntu olungileyo emhlabeni oqhubeka enza okuhle futhi angoni. . . . UNkulunkulu weqiniso wabenza abantu beqotho, kodwa bona ngokwabo baye bafuna amacebo amaningi.”—UmShumayeli 7:20, 29.

Enye inqubo eyasungulwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-American Dream—ithemba lokuthi noma ubani ozimisele ukusebenza kanzima angaceba. Emhlabeni wonke, amazwe amaningi asebenzisa lezi zinqubo—ukubusa kwentando yeningi, ukuba namabhizinisi nokuhwebelana ngokukhululekile—futhi kubonakala sengathi yizona ezenza ukuba i-United States icebe. Nokho, akuwona wonke amazwe ayengakwazi ukusebenzisa inqubo yaseMelika ebizwa ngokuthi i-American Dream ngoba umnotho waseNyakatho Melika awuvelanga kwezombusazwe kuphela. Ukunotha kwayo ngemikhiqizo yemvelo nokuba sendaweni ekahle yokuhwebelana nomhlaba wonke yikhona ngokuyinhloko okwayenza yaceba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimiso sezomnotho somhlaba sokuncintisana asigcini ngokuchumisa amanye amazwe, kodwa senza amanye adle imbuya ngothi. Ingabe amazwe acebile angakhuthazwa ukuba asize amazwe asesempofu namanje?

Ingabe UHlelo LukaMarshall Lwalungabuqeda Ubumpofu?

IMpi Yezwe II yacekela phansi iYurophu futhi abantu abaningi besaba ukuthi bazobulawa yindlala. Uhulumeni wase-U.S. wawukhathazekile ngokuthandeka kwenqubo yamadlela-ndawonye emazweni amaningi eYurophu. Ngakho, iminyaka emine wakhipha izizumbulu zemali ukuze kuvuselelwe izimboni nezolimo emazweni ayezimisele ukwamukela imithetho yase-U.S. UHlelo Lokuvuselela iYurophu, olubizwa ngokuthi uHlelo LukaMarshall, lwabhekwa njengoluyimpumelelo. Ithonya lase-U.S. laba namandla eNtshonalanga Yurophu, futhi lwancipha kakhulu usongo lobumpofu. Ingabe lolu hlelo lwalungasetshenziswa ukuze kuqedwe ububha emhlabeni wonke?

Ukuphumelela koHlelo LukaMarshall kwashukumisela uhulumeni wase-U.S. ukuba asize amazwe ampofu emhlabeni wonke ukuba athuthukise ezolimo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ezemfundo nezokuthutha. I-United States yasichaza ngokucacile isisusa sayo—ukuzizuzisa yona. Amanye amazwe nawo azama ukwandisa ithonya lawo ngokusiza amanye amazwe. Eminyakeni engu-60 kamuva, ngemva kokuchithwa kwemali eningi ukudlula leyo eyachithwa oHlelweni LukaMarshall, imiphumela yaba edumazayo. Yiqiniso, amanye amazwe ayempofu ngaphambili akwazi ukuzenzela umnotho omkhulu, ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Asia. Amanye akwazi ukwehlisa inani lezingane ezifayo futhi eziningi zathola imfundo, kodwa amazwe amaningi aqhubeka ekhungethwe ubumpofu obedlulele.

Okwenza Usizo Lwakwamanye Amazwe Luhluleke

Ukutakula amazwe ampofu enhluphekweni kwaba nzima kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokusiza amazwe acebile ukuba asimame ngemva kwempi. IYurophu yayinazo kakade izimboni, ezohwebo nezokuthutha. Umnotho wayo wawudinga nje ukusimamiswa. Nakuba usizo oluvela kwamanye amazwe lwaletha imigwaqo, izikole, imitholampilo, kodwa abantu baqhubeka behlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi lawo mazwe antula imali, imikhiqizo yemvelo nemizila yezohwebo.

Izinkinga zobumpofu ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi akulula ukuzixazulula. Ngokwesibonelo, izifo zibangela ubumpofu nobumpofu bubangela izifo. Izingane ezingondlekile kahle zingase zibe buthaka emzimbeni nasengqondweni okwenza ukuthi lapho sezikhulile zingakwazi ukunakekela ezazo izingane. Kungokufanayo nalapho amazwe acebile elahla ukudla okusele emazweni ampofu ethi “ayasiza.” Abalimi nabathengisi bakulawo mazwe bayawa, okuholela enhluphekweni eyengeziwe. Ukusiza ohulumeni bamazwe ampofu ngemali kungadala enye inkinga: Ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukuyeba, lokho kungadala ukukhwabanisa, futhi ukukhwabanisa kungaholela kobunye ububha. Eqinisweni, okwenza usizo oluvela kwamanye amazwe luhluleke ukuthi aluxazululi imbangela eyinhloko yobumpofu.

Imbangela Yobumpofu

Ubumpofu obedlulele buba khona lapho amazwe, ohulumeni nabantu benza izinto ngobugovu. Ngokwesibonelo, ohulumeni bamazwe acebile abayinaki kangako indaba yokuqeda ububha emhlabeni ngenxa yokuthi bavotelwa abantu, ngakho bafuna ukujabulisa bona. Shono nje benqabela abalimi basemazweni adla imbuya ngothi ukuba bathengise imikhiqizo yabo emazweni acebile ngoba lokho kungenza abalimi basemazweni acebile baphelelwe umsebenzi. Ababusi bamazwe acebile bagidlabeza abalimi babo ngezindodla zemali ukuze babasize balime kakhulu ukwedlula abalimi basemazweni ampofu.

Kusobala ukuthi ngumuntu oyimbangela yobumpofu—isimo sengqondo sabantu nohulumeni sokuzicabangela. Umlobi weBhayibheli uSolomoni wakubeka ngale ndlela lokhu: ‘Umuntu uye wabusa umuntu kwaba ukulimala kwakhe.’—UmShumayeli 8:9.

Likhona-ke yini ithemba lokuthi ubumpofu buyoke buphele? Ingabe ukhona uhulumeni oyoguqula indlela yabantu yokucabanga?

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 6]

UMthetho Owawuhloselwe Ukugwema Ubumpofu

UJehova uNkulunkulu wanikeza isizwe sakwa-Israyeli wasendulo uhlu lwemithetho okwakuyothi uma siyilalela sigweme ubumpofu obedlulele. UMthetho wawuthi umndeni ngamunye kumelwe uthole izwe njengefa. Yisizwe sabapristi, amaLevi, kuphela esasingalitholi leli fa. Ifa lomndeni lalivikeleka ngoba izwe kwakungafanele lithengiswe kuze kube phakade. Uma ukugula, inhlekelele noma ukuvilapha kubangele umuntu ukuba athengise izwe lakhe, kwakufanele libuyiselwe kuye ngaphandle kwenkokhiso ngonyaka weJubili. Njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-50, kwakufanele libuyiselwe kumninilo noma emndenini wakhe. (Levitikusi 25:10, 23) Ngakho, ayikho imindeni eyayingaba nenkinga yobumpofu izizukulwane ngezizukulwane.

Elinye ilungiselelo lomusa elaliseMthethweni kaNkulunkulu lalithi umuntu wayengazithengisa njengesigqila uma ehlupheka. Wayenikwa imali kusengaphambili ukuze akhokhe izikweletu zakhe. Uma engazange akwazi ukuzihlenga ngonyaka wesi-7, kwakufanele akhululwe futhi anikwe okusanhlamvu nemfuyo ukuze akwazi ukuphinde aqale ukulima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ompofu etsheleke imali, uMthetho wawumenqabela umIsrayeli wakubo ukuba ayifune isinenzalo. UMthetho wawuyala nokuba abantu bangavuni emaphethelweni ensimu ukuze abampofu bakwazi ukukhothoza. Ngaleyo ndlela, akekho umIsrayeli owayengazithola eyisinxibi.—Duteronomi 15:1-14; Levitikusi 23:22.

Nokho, umlando ubonisa ukuthi amanye ama-Israyeli ayempofu. Yini eyabangela lokho? Awazange awulalele uMthetho kaJehova. Njengoba siye sibone emazweni amaningi, amanye ama-Israyeli aba nezindawo futhi aceba, kodwa amanye alahlekelwa yizindawo zawo futhi ahlupheka. Aba mpofu ngenxa yokuthi abathile kuwo bawushaya indiva uMthetho kaNkulunkulu futhi bazicabangela bona kunokucabangela abanye.—Mathewu 22:37-40.