Inkantolo YaseYurophu Isekela Ilungelo Lokungayi Empini Ngenxa Kanembeza
OFAKAZI BAKAJEHOVA emhlabeni wonke bayaziwa ngokungathathi hlangothi kwabo ezindabeni zezombusazwe nasezimpini zanoma iliphi izwe. Bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi kumelwe ‘bakhande izinkemba zabo zibe ngamageja’ futhi ‘bangayifundi impi.’ (Isaya 2:4) Ababaphazamisi labo abakhetha ukuya empini. Kodwa kuthiwani uma unembeza kaFakazi ungamvumeli ukuba abuthelwe empini yize kuyisibopho ezweni lakubo? Lesi isimo insizwa egama layo uVahan Bayatyan eyabhekana naso.
Izenzakalo Ezaholela Ukuba Icala Liye ENkantolo YaseYurophu
UVahan wazalelwa e-Armenia ngo-April 1983. Ngo-1996 yena nabakubo baqala ukutadisha iBhayibheli noFakazi BakaJehova futhi lapho eseneminyaka engu-16, wabhapathizwa. Ekufundeni kwakhe iBhayibheli, uVahan waba nenhlonipho ejulile ngezimfundiso zikaJesu Kristu ezihlanganisa isiqondiso asinikeza abalandeli bakhe sokungaziphathi izikhali zempi. (Mathewu 26:52) Ngakho, ngemva kwesikhashana nje ebhapathiziwe, wabhekana nesinqumo esibucayi ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umthetho wase-Armenia uphoqelela zonke izinsizwa ukuba zibuthelwe empini uma ziba neminyaka engu-18. Uma zenqaba, zingase zijeze ngokuvalelwa ejele iminyaka efinyelela kwemithathu. UVahan wayefuna ukukhonza izakhamuzi zakubo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayengafuni ukungawulaleli unembeza wakhe oqeqeshwe ngeBhayibheli. Ngakho, wenzani?
Ngokushesha nje ngemva kokufanelekela ukubuthelwa empini ngo-2001, uVahan waqala ukubhalela iziphathimandla zase-Armenia izincwadi. Ezincwadini zakhe wabonisa ukuthi ukubuthelwa empini akuhambisani nonembeza wakhe nezinkolelo zakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, washo ukuthi uzimisele ukwenza noma imuphi omunye umsebenzi wokusiza umphakathi.
Kwadlula isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka uVahan eqhubeka ecela iziphathimandla ukuba zamukele ukwenqaba kwakhe ngenxa kanembeza. Nokho, ngo-September 2002, waboshwa futhi kamuva wabekwa icala lokwenqaba ukubuthelwa empini. Wagwetshelwa ukuba abhadle izinyanga ezingu-18 ejele. Nokho, umshushisi akazange aneliseke ngaleso sigwebo. Ngemva nje kwenyanga sikhishiwe isigwebo, umshushisi wenza isiphakamiso enkantolo sokuba anikezwe isigwebo esiqatha. Wathi ukwenqaba kukaVahan ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza “kungamanga futhi kuyingozi.” Inkantolo yasamukela isicelo somshushisi, yandisa isigwebo sikaVahan saba izinyanga ezingu-30.
UVahan wadlulisela icala enkantolo ephakeme kunazo zonke e-Armenia. Ngo-January 2003, iNkantolo Ephakeme yasisekela isinqumo senkantolo. UVahan wathunyelwa ejele ngokushesha ukuze aqale ukudonsa isigwebo sakhe kanye nababulali, abashushumbisi bezidakamizwa nabadlwenguli.
Okwenzeka ENkantolo YaseYurophu
Kusukela ngo-2001, i-Armenia ibilokhu iyilungu loMkhandlu WaseYurophu. Ngakho izakhamuzi zayo zinelungelo lokudlulisela amacala eNkantolo Yamalungelo Abantu YaseYurophu (ECHR) uma ziye zazama zonke izinhlobo zomthetho wendawo zangaphumelela. Yilokho kanye uVahan akhetha ukukwenza. Ekudluliseni kwakhe icala wathi ukulahlwa kwakhe ngecala ngenxa yokwenqaba ukuya empini kwaphula iSigaba 9 soMthetho-sisekelo Wamalungelo Abantu BaseYurophu. Wacela ukuba ilungelo lakhe lokwenqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza livikelwe ngaphansi kwalo mthetho—into eyayingakaze yenzeke phambilini.
Ngo-October 27, 2009, i-ECHR yakhipha isahlulelo. Lapho ibukeza umthetho okhona kakade, inkantolo yabambelela ekutheni inkululeko kanembeza njengoba ichazwe eSigabeni 9 soMthetho-sisekelo WaseYurophu, ayiwavikeli amalungelo abantu abenqaba ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uVahan kwase kukudala aphuma ejele, eseshadile futhi esenomntwana womfana. Samdumaza leso sahlulelo. Ngakho kwadingeka akhethe ukuthi uzoliyeka icala noma uzolidlulisela eMkhandlwini Ophakeme we-ECHR. Wakhetha ukulidlulisa. UMkhandlu Ophakeme awamukeli noma imaphi amacala, ngakho uVahan wajabula lapho lo Mkhandlu unquma ukubukeza icala lakhe.
Ekugcineni ngo-July 7, 2011, eStrasbourg, eFrance, uMkhandlu Ophakeme we-ECHR wakhipha isinqumo. Kuyamangaza ukuthi emajajini ale nkantolo angu-17, angu-16 aphetha ngokuthi i-Armenia ayilihloniphanga ilungelo lenkululeko kanembeza likaVahan Bayatyan lapho imlahla ngecala futhi imbophelaa ukwenqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza. Ijaji lase-Armenia kuphela elavuna izwe lakubo.
Kungani leso sinqumo sasibalulekile? Ngenxa yokuthi kwakuqala ngqá emlandweni we-ECHR ukuba ilungelo lokwenqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza libhekwe njengelivikelwa ngokuphelele eSigabeni 9 soMthetho-sisekelo. Ngenxa yalokho, inkantolo ibheka ukubopha umuntu ngenxa yesinqumo sikanembeza njengokungawahloniphi amalungelo ayisisekelo emphakathini obuswa ngentando yeningi.
Nakhu okwashiwo iNkantolo ngoFakazi BakaJehova njengoba benqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza: “Ngakho-ke, le Nkantolo ayinaso isizathu sokungabaza ukuthi lo muntu owenqaba inkonzo yezempi wayeshukunyiswa izinkolelo zakhe, abambelele kuzo ngokuqinile futhi ezingqubuzana kakhulu nesibopho sokubuthelwa empini futhi engeke akwazi ukuziziba.”
Indlela Abasabela Ngayo Esinqumweni
Kula mashumi amabili eminyaka adlule e-Armenia, kuye kwaboshwa oFakazi BakaJehova abangaphezu kuka-450 abaye benqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza. Ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa lesi sihloko, kwakunezinsizwa ezingu-58 kulelo zwe ezaziboshelwe ukwenqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza nezinkolelo zazo. Ezinhlanu kuzo zaboshwa ngemva kwalesi sinqumo esiyingqopha-mlando secala elaliphakathi kukaBayatyan ne-Armenia.a Kwelinye lalawo macala lapho enye insizwa ifaka isicelo sokuba umshushisi wendawo alihoxise icala ebekwe lona lokwenqaba ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza, umshushisi akasamukelanga. Encwadini ayibhala umshushisi waphendula ngokuthi: “Isinqumo esenziwe iNkantolo YaseYurophu ngo-July 7, 2011 ecaleni elaliphakathi kukaBayatyan ne-Armenia, asisebenzi kule ndaba, ngoba kuyacaca ukuthi izimo zabo azifani.”
Kungani umshushisi ayecabanga kanjalo? Lapho uVahan Bayatyan emangalelwa, yayingekho eminye imisebenzi kahulumeni engenziwa ngaphandle kokubuthelwa empini. Uhulumeni wase-Armenia wathi ngenxa yokuthi isikhona leyo misebenzi ezweni labo, abangafuni ukuya empini sebengakhetha ukwenza eminye imisebenzi kahulumeni. Kodwa nale eminye imisebenzi ilawulwa abezempi ngakho ngeke bakwazi ukuyenza labo abenqaba ukubuthelwa empini ngenxa kanembeza.
UVahan Bayatyan wajabula ngalesi sinqumo esiyingqopha-mlando esasimvuna. Isahlulelo manje siphoqelela i-Armenia ukuba iyeke ukushushisa nokubopha labo abanezinkolelo eziqinile ezingabavumeli ukuba benze izinkonzo zempi.
Akuyona injongo yoFakazi BakaJehova ukuguqula indlela yokusebenza komthetho kunoma iliphi izwe. Nokho, njengoba nje insizwa enguVahan Bayatyan yenza, bafuna ukusebenzisa amalungelo abo angokomthetho asekelwe emithethweni ekhona yohulumeni bamazwe abahlala kuwo. Kungani? Ukuze baqhubeke behlala ngokuthula futhi belalela ngokukhululekile yonke imiyalo yoMholi wabo uJesu Kristu.
a Izinsizwa ezimbili zagwetshwa ngo-July 7, 2011, lona kanye usuku i-ECHR eyakhipha ngalo isinqumo.