Ukusetshenziswa Kabi Kokwaziswa
“Ngokusebenzisa inkulumo-ze ngokuhlakanipha nangokuphikelela ngisho nezulu lingenziwa lifane nesihogo kubantu, futhi ngokuphambene ukuphila okubi kakhulu kungenziwa kufane nepharadesi.”—U-ADOLF HITLER, KWETHI MEIN KAMPF.
NJENGOBA izindlela zokuxhumana ziye zanda—kusukela ekusebenziseni imishini yokunyathelisa kuya ekusebenziseni ucingo, umsakazo, ithelevishini kanye ne-Internet—ukugeleza kwemiyalezo ethonyayo kuye kwanda kakhulu. Le nguquko kwezokuxhumana iye yabangela insada yokwaziswa njengoba abantu bethola inqwaba yemiyalezo ivela nxazonke. Abaningi basabela kulokhu kucindezeleka ngokwamukela imiyalezo ngokushesha futhi bayifake engqondweni ngaphandle kokungabaza noma kokuyihlola.
Umsakazi wenkulumo-ze onobuqili uthanda lezo zindlela ezinqamulelayo—ikakhulukazi lezo ezingahileli ukucabanga okunengqondo. Inkulumo-ze ikhuthaza lokhu ngokuphazamisa imizwelo, ngokusizakala ngokungaqiniseki, ngokusebenzisa ulimi oluphicayo nangokuhlanekezela imithetho yokucabanga okunengqondo. Njengoba umlando ukuqinisekisa, amaqhinga anjalo angaphumelela ngokuyingozi.
Umlando Wenkulumo-ze
Namuhla igama elithi “inkulumo-ze” linencazelo engeyinhle, esikisela amaqhinga amabi, kodwa ekuqaleni kwakungahlosiwe ukuba leli gama libe naleyo ncazelo. Elithi “inkulumo-ze” (propaganda) ngokusobala livela egameni lesiLatini leqembu lokhadinali bamaRoma Katolika, i-Congregatio de Propaganda Fide (Ibandla Lokusakaza Ukholo). Le komiti—ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Propaganda uma inqanyulelwa—yasungulwa uPapa Gregory XV ngo-1622 ukuba iqondise izithunywa zevangeli. Kancane kancane, elithi “propaganda” lasho noma yimiphi imizamo yokusakaza inkolelo.
Kodwa umqondo wenkulumo-ze awuqalanga ngekhulu le-17. Kusukela endulo, abantu baye basebenzisa zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo ukuze basakaze imibono noma babe nodumo namandla. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuciko buye bafeza izinjongo zokusakazwa kwenkulumo-ze kusukela ezinsukwini zofaro baseGibithe. La makhosi aklama imibhoshongo yawo ukuze anikeze umqondo wokuthi anamandla futhi aqinile. Ngokufanayo, izakhiwo zamaRoma zafeza injongo engokwezombangazwe—ukukhazinyuliswa kukahulumeni. NgeMpi Yezwe I, igama elithi “inkulumo-ze” lathola incazelo evamile embi lapho ohulumeni beqala ukuhlanganyela ngentshiseko ekulungiseleleni ukusakazwa kokwaziswa kwempi okwakwenziwa yimithombo yabezindaba. Phakathi neMpi YeZwe II, u-Adolf Hitler noJoseph Goebbels bazibonakalisa beyizingcweti zokusakaza inkulumo-ze.
Ngemva kweMpi YeZwe II, inkulumo-ze yaba yithuluzi elikhulu lokugqugquzela inkambiso yezwe. Kokubili amaqembu ezizwe zaseNtshonalanga nezaseMpumalanga ahlanganyela emkhankasweni omkhulu wokuzama ukuzuza inqwaba yabantu ababengekho ngaphansi kweqembu elithile ukuba beze ohlangothini lwawo. Zonke izici zokuphila nenqubo yesizwe kwakusetshenziswa kabi ukuze kusakazwe inkulumo-ze. Eminyakeni yamuva ukuthuthuka kwamasu okusakaza inkulumo-ze kuye kwabonakala emikhankasweni yokhetho nasekukhangiseni okwenziwa yizinkampani zikagwayi. Labo ababizwa ngokuthi ochwepheshe nabanye abaholi baye baqashwa ukuze bakhangise ngokubhema njengento enhle nenempilo, kube sengathi akulona usongo emphakathini kanti kuyilo.
Amanga, Amanga!
Ngokuqinisekile, icebo eliwusizo kubasakazi bezinkulumo-ze ukusebenzisa amanga aluhlaza cwe. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela amanga abhalwa uMartin Luther ngo-1543 ngamaJuda aseYurophu: “Afake ubuthi emithonjeni yamanzi, abulala, athumba izingane . . . Ayizinyoka ezinesihlungu, ezinobutha, eziphindiselayo nezinobuqili, ababulali nezingane zikadeveli ezintinyelayo nezilimazayo.” Wabakhuthaza kanjani labo abangamaKristu okuzisholo? “Wathungeleni ngomlilo amasinagoge noma izikole zawo . . . Izindlu zawo nazo kufanele zibhidlizwe ziphele.”
Uprofesa wezifundo zokuziphatha nenhlalo yabantu owayehlole leyo nkathi uthi: “Ukubandlulula amaJuda ngokuyinhloko akuhlangene ngalutho nezenzo zamaJuda, futhi ngenxa yalokho ngokuyinhloko akuhlangene ngalutho nokuthi lowo owabandlululayo wazi okungakanani ngobuntu bamaJuda.” Uyaqhubeka ephawula: “AmaJuda enziwa amelela yonke into ephume endleleni, ukuze ukusabela ngaphandle kokucabanga enkingeni engokwemvelo nengokwenhlalo kuthiwe kubangelwé ngamaJuda.”
Inkulumo Egigiyelayo
Eliye icebo eliphumelela kakhulu lenkulumo-ze yinkulumo egigiyelayo. Inkulumo egigiyelayo ivame ukusitha amaqiniso abalulekile ngezindaba zangempela okuxoxwa ngazo, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukululaza wonke amaqembu abantu. Ngokwesibonelo inkulumo ethi “AmaGypsy [noma izifiki] angamasela” ivame ukuzwakala kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Kodwa ingabe lokho kuyiqiniso?
URichardos Someritis, umlobeli wephephandaba, uthi kwelinye izwe imibono enjalo yabangela uhlobo “lokwesaba nokuzonda izihambi futhi ezikhathini eziningi [yabangela] ukuqhosha ngohlanga” ezihambini. Nokho, kuye kwabonakala ukuthi uma kuziwa ezenzweni zobuhlongandlebe, izisulu kulelo zwe zingaba yiminsinsi yokuzimilela njengoba kungenzeka nokuba zibe yizihambi. Ngokwesibonelo, uSomeritis uphawula ukuthi ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi eGreece, “ubugebengu obungu-96 kobungu-100 benziwa [ngamaGreki].” Uyaphawula: “Ubugebengu bubangelwa ezomnotho nezenhlalo, abubangelwa ‘ubuhlanga.’” Usola abezindaba “ngokuhlakulela ukwesaba nokuzonda izihambi kanye nobuhlanga ngendlela ehlelekile” ngokusonta imibiko yobugebengu.
Ukukhuluma Amagama Ayiziswana
Abanye abantu bayabadelela labo abangavumelani nabo ngokungabaza izici noma izinjongo zabo esikhundleni sokugxila emaqinisweni. Ukukhuluma amagama ayiziswana kushiya indelelo, okulula ukuyikhumbula ngalowo muntu, ngalelo qembu noma ngalowo mbono. Lowo odelelayo ucabanga ukuthi indelelo izonamathela. Isu lakhe lisuke lisebenzile uma abantu bemenqaba lowo muntu noma umbono ngenxa yendelelo, esikhundleni sokuba bazihlolele ngokwabo ubufakazi.
Ngokwesibonelo, eminyakeni yamuva umbono onamandla wokumelana nehlelo uye wahlasela emazweni amaningi aseYurophu nakwezinye izindawo. Lokhu kuye kwashukumisa imizwelo, kwakha umbono wobutha, futhi kwagxilisa ubandlululo olukhona emaqenjini amancane ezenkolo. Ngokuvamile, elithi “ihlelo” likwenza ucabange okuthile. UProfesa Martin Kriele waseJalimane wabhala ngo-1993 wathi: “‘Ihlelo’ elinye igama elisho ‘imbuka,’ futhi njengakuqala, namuhla imbuka eJalimane [kuthiwa kufanele liqothulwe]—uma lingaqedwa ngomlilo . . . , liqedwe ngokunyundelwa, ukukhishwa inyumbazane noma ukubhujiswa ngokwezomnotho.”
I-Institute for Propaganda Analysis iphawula ukuthi “ukubizwa ngamagama amabi kuye kwaba nengxenye enamandla kakhulu emlandweni wezwe nasekuthuthukeni kwethu ngabanye. Kuye konakalisa idumela, . . . kwabangela ukuboshwa kwabantu, futhi kwathukuthelisa abantu kangangokuba baze balwe babulale ozakwabo.”
Ukusizakala Ngemizwelo
Ngisho nakuba imizwa ingase ingabi nengxenye etheni kulokho okushiwoyo noma ekubeni nengqondo kwempikiswano, ifeza indima ebalulekile ekuthonyeni. Imizamo yokushukumisa imizwelo yenziwa yizintatheli ezinekhono, ezisebenzisa ubuciko zisizakale ngemizwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, ukwesaba kuyisimo somzwelo esingasithibeza ukwahlulela okuhle. Futhi, endabeni yomona, ukwesaba kungase kusetshenziswe. Iphephandaba laseCanada, i-Globe and Mail, ka-February 15, 1999, labika lokhu okulandelayo eMoscow: “Lapho amantombazane amathathu ezibulala eMoscow ngesonto elidlule, umthombo wezindaba waseRussia ngokushesha wasikisela ukuthi ayengabalandeli abashiseka ngokweqile boFakazi BakaJehova.” Phawula igama elithi “abashiseka ngokweqile.” Ngokuvamile, abantu bayayesaba inhlangano yenkolo eshiseka ngokweqile okuthiwa yenza intsha izibulale. Ingabe ngempela la mantombazane ayehlangene noFakazi BakaJehova ngandlela-thile?
I-Globe yaqhubeka: “Amaphoyisa kamuva avuma ukuthi la mantombazane ayengahlangene ngalutho [noFakazi BakaJehova]. Kodwa ngaleso sikhathi isiteshi sethelevishini eMoscow sase siqale igagasi elisha lokuhlasela leli hlelo, sitshela ababukeli ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova babehlangene no-Adolf Hitler eJalimane ngesikhathi samaNazi—naphezu kobufakazi obungokomlando bokuthi izinkulungwane zamalungu abo zaziyizisulu zokubulawa emakamu okuhlushwa amaNazi.” Ezingqondweni zomphakathi othole lokhu kwaziswa okungeyikho futhi okungenzeka uyesaba, kwasala ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova babeyihlelo elizibulalayo noma abahlanganyela namaNazi!
Inzondo yisimo esingokomzwelo esinamandla abasakazi benkulumo-ze abasizakala ngaso. Ulimi olunamazwi aphicayo luphumelela kakhulu ekuyigqugquzeleni. Kubonakala cishe kunenqwaba yamazwi ayiziswana agqugquzela noma asebenzise kabi inzondo ngohlanga, isizwe noma iqembu lenkolo ethile.
Abanye abasakazi benkulumo-ze basebenzisa kabi ukuqhosha. Ngokuvamile singakwazi ukubona izinkulumo ezikhangayo zokuqhosha ngokubheka izinkulumo eziyisihluthulelo ezinjengokuthi: “Noma imuphi umuntu ohlakaniphile uyazi ukuthi . . . ” noma, “Umuntu ofunde njengawe akakwazi ukungayiboni le nto . . . ” Indlela esizosabela ngayo kulokho kuqhosha izonqunywa ukuthi siyesaba ukubonakala siyiziphukuphuku. Ochwepheshe abathonyayo bakwazi kahle kamhlophe lokho.
Iziqubulo Nezimpawu
Iziqubulo yizinkulumo ezinemiqondo ecashile ezisetshenziselwa ukuzwakalisa umbono noma imigomo. Ngenxa yokuthi zinemiqondo ecashile, kulula ukuvumelana nazo.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngezikhathi zezingxabano noma zeziyaluyalu zesizwe, abaholi abangamaphekula bangase basebenzise iziqubulo ezinjengokuthi “Ngisekela izwe lakithi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lenza okuhle noma okubi,” “Izwe Lawobaba, Inkolo, Umkhaya,” noma “Inkululeko Noma Ukufa.” Kodwa ingabe abantu abaningi bazihlaziya ngokucophelela ngempela izinto ezihilelekile esiyaluyalwini noma engxabanweni? Noma bamane bamukele lokho abatshelwa kona?
Ebhala ngeMpi YeZwe I, uWinston Churchill waphawula: “Kudingeka into ezoshukumisa lezi zindimbane zabantu nezisebenzi ezinokuthula ukuba ziphenduke amabutho anamandla azobulalana wodwa.” Waqhubeka waphawula ukuthi uma betshelwa ukuthi benzeni, abantu abaningi basabela bengacabanganga.
Umsakazi wenkulumo-ze unezimpawu eziningi adlulisa ngazo imiyalezo yakhe—ukudedela kanyekanye ithala lezinhlamvu ngezibhamu ezingu-21, indesheni yempi nefulege. Uthando ngabazali nalo lungase lusetshenziswe kabi. Ngakho-ke, izifanekiso ezinjengokuthi izwe lobaba, izwe lendabuko, noma isonto engazalelwa kulo zingamathuluzi abalulekile kumashoshozela angamaqili.
Ngakho-ke ubuqili benkulumo-ze bungase bukhubaze umcabango, buvimbele ukucabanga okucacile nokuqonda futhi kuthonye abantu ukuba benze ngokuvumelana neningi. Ungazivikela kanjani?
[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 8]
Ubuqili benkulumo-ze bungase bukhubaze umcabango, buvimbele ukucabanga okucacile
[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 7]
INGABE UMSEBENZI WOFAKAZI BAKAJEHOVA UNGUKUSAKAZA INKULUMO-ZE?
Abanye abaphikisi boFakazi BakaJehova baye babamangalela ngokuthi basakaza inkulumo-ze yobuZiyoni. Abanye baye babamangalela ngokuthi inkonzo yoFakazi ithuthukisa ubuKhomanisi. Kanti abanye baye bathi umsebenzi woFakazi BakaJehova uthuthukisa izinhloso nezithakazelo “zombuso wamaMelika.” Bese kuba khona labo abagomela ngokuthi oFakazi bangamaphekula, baphehla uthuthuva ngenhloso yokushintsha isimiso sezenhlalo, sezomnotho, sezombangazwe nesezomthetho. Ngokusobala, lezi zimangalo eziphikisanayo azinakuba yiqiniso zonke.
Iqiniso elimsulwa ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova abakona nokukodwa kwalokhu okungenhla. Umsebenzi woFakazi wenziwa ngenxa yokulalela ngokwethembeka umyalo uJesu Kristu awunika abafundi bakhe: “Nizoba ofakazi bami . . . ezingxenyeni eziqhele kakhulu zomhlaba.” (IzEnzo 1:8) Umsebenzi wabo ugxile kuphela ezindabeni ezinhle zoMbuso wasezulwini—ithuluzi likaNkulunkulu lokuletha ukuthula emhlabeni wonke.—Mathewu 6:10; 24:14.
Izingqapheli zoFakazi BakaJehova azikaze zithole bufakazi bokuthi lo mphakathi wamaKristu wake waphazamisa ukuthula kwanoma yiliphi izwe.
Eziningi izintatheli, abahluleli nabanye baye baphawula ngendima enhle efezwa oFakazi BakaJehova emiphakathini abahlala kuyo. Cabangela ezinye izibonelo. Ngemva kokuya emhlanganweni woFakazi BakaJehova, intatheli yaseningizimu yeYurophu yaphawula: “Laba ngabantu abanezibopho zomkhaya eziqinile, bafundiswa ukuba nothando nokuphila ngokuvumelana nonembeza babo ukuze bangalimazi abanye.”
Enye intatheli, eyayikade ingabafuni oFakazi BakaJehova, yathi: “Baphila ukuphila okuyisibonelo. Abazephuli izimiso zokuhle nokulungile.” Omunye usosayensi wezombangazwe naye waphawula okufanayo ngoFakazi: “Baphatha abanye abantu ngomusa, ngothando nangobubele obukhulu.”
OFakazi BakaJehova bafundisa ukuthi kuyinto elungile ukuzithoba emagunyeni. Njengezakhamuzi ezithobela umthetho, balandela izindinganiso zeBhayibheli zokwethembeka, ukukhuluma iqiniso nokuhlanzeka. Bafundisa imikhaya yabo izimiso ezinhle zokuziphatha, futhi basiza abanye ukuba bafunde ukwenza okufanayo. Baphila ngokuthula nabo bonke abantu, abahileleki emibhikishweni ephazamisayo noma ekuvukeleni imibuso kwezombangazwe. OFakazi BakaJehova bafuna ukuba yisibonelo ekulaleleni imithetho yamagunya aphakeme angabantu, kuyilapho belindela ngesineke iGunya Eliphakeme, iNkosi enguMbusi uJehova, ukuba abuyisele ukuthula okuphelele nohulumeni olungile kulo mhlaba.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzi woFakazi uyafundisa. Besebenzisa iBhayibheli njengesisekelo, bafundisa abantu emhlabeni wonke ukucabanga ngezimiso zeBhayibheli futhi ngaleyo ndlela bahlakulele izindinganiso zokuziphatha nokwethembeka. Basekela izimiso ezenza ukuphila komkhaya kube ngcono futhi basize intsha ibhekane nezinselele zayo. Basiza abantu ukuba bathole amandla okunqoba imikhuba emibi nokuhlakulela ikhono lokusebenzelana kahle nabanye. Umsebenzi onjalo ngeke neze ubizwe ngokuthi “inkulumo-ze.” Kunjengoba i-World Book Encyclopedia isho, lapho imibono ivezwa ngokukhululekile, “inkulumo-ze iyahluka emfundweni.”
[Izithombe]
Izincwadi zoFakazi BakaJehova zithuthukisa izimiso zomkhaya nezindinganiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha
[Izithombe ekhasini 5]
Inkulumo-ze ekhangisa ngempi nogwayi iye yabangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi