Ubani Owakwenza Kuqala?
NGO-1973 uDkt. Martin Cooper waba ngowokuqala ukusebenzisa ucingo oluphathwayo. Lwalunebhetri, umsakazo kanye ne-microprocessor (i-computer encanyana). Abantu baseNew York bambuka bemangele lapho bebona uCooper eshaya ucingo emgwaqweni. Kodwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi emuva ngo-1800 u-Alessandro Volta wenza ibhetri elingasheshi ukuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucingo lwase lukhona kusukela ngo-1876, umsakazo ngo-1895, i-computer yaba khona ngo-1946. Ekugcineni, ukwenziwa kwe-microprocessor ngo-1971 kwabangela ukuba kube khona nomakhalekhukhwini. Noma kunjalo, singase sibuze, Ingabe ukuxhumana ngaleli thuluzi lohlobo oluphambili kwakukusha ngempela?
Ithuluzi lokuxhumana ngokuvamile elithathwa kalula, yizwi lomuntu. Kuhileleke izinzwa ezingaphezu kwengxenye yezigidigidi ezisengxenyeni engaphezulu yobuchopho (motor cortex) ethumela imiyalezo ekulawuleni isitho sethu sokukhuluma, futhi kunemisipha engaba yikhulu elawula izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi zolimi, izindebe, imihlathi, umphimbo nesifuba sakho.
Indlebe yakho nayo iyingxenye yesimiso esifanayo sokuxhumana. Ishintsha umsindo ube amaza kagesi ubuchopho bakho obukwazi ukuwaqonda. Ubuchopho buhlaziya imisindo, ukuze wena ukwazi ukuhlukanisa abantu ngamazwi abo. Ubuchopho buyakwazi nokulinganisa ukuthi indlebe ngayinye ingezwa umsindo ngokushesha okungakanani kunenye, ngaleyo ndlela ikwazi ukuthola ngokunembile ukuthi umsindo uvelaphi. Lezi kumane kuyizici ezimbili nje ezikwenza ukwazi ukulalela umuntu oyedwa ngesikhathi, ngisho noma kunabantu abaningi abakhulumayo.
Ngakho, ithuluzi lokuxhumana elingenantambo (elikwazi ukuthola ukuthi ubani okhulumayo) alilisha. Salithola emhlabeni wezinto eziphilayo kuqala—emvelweni.
[Umdwebo/Izithombe ekhasini 3]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
1800
Ibhetri elingasheshi ukuphela
1876
Ucingo
1971
I-microprocessor
1973
UDkt. Martin Cooper wakha ucingo oluphathwayo
[Umthombo]
Dr. Cooper and mobile phone: © Mark Berry
[Izithombe ekhasini 2]
Ngakwesokudla ekhasini 2, ukusuka phambili uya emuva, yizithombe esizenzele zona: UGuglielmo Marconi nomsakazo wakhe; uThomas Edison nesibani sikagesi; uGranville T. Woods, umsunguli wezokuxhumana; izelamani zakwaWright nendiza yazo i-Wright Flyer ka-1903