Nuƒoƒo Ƒe Ablɔɖe—Ðe Wole Eŋudɔ Wɔm Madzemadzeea?

ESUSƆ vie ko míage ɖe ƒe alafa 21 lia me. Ðikekemanɔmee la, ƒe alafa yeye sia ahe mɔkpɔkpɔ yeyewo, dzidzenu yeyewo, agbenɔnɔ yeyewo, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ŋuti nukpɔsusu wɔnukuwo, kple ablɔɖe si de ŋgɔ wu didi vɛ. Nukpɔsusu siwo nɔ dziɖuɖuwo, subɔsubɔhawo, kple amewo si la le tɔtrɔm eye wova le lɔlɔ̃m ɖe nukpɔsusu kple nudidi yeyewo dzi xoxo. Le teƒe geɖe la, amewo le didim vevie be woaɖe se xoxo siwo xe mɔ ɖe nuƒoƒo ƒe ablɔɖe kple nyagbɔgblɔ faa ŋu ɖa, womegatsɔ ɖeke le nusi ado tso eme la me o!

Nusiwo nyɔa ŋu na radio kple television dzi nyadzɔdzɔgblɔlawo kple numetolawo tsã—ŋukpenyawo gbɔgblɔ kple amamaɖeɖenuwɔnawo kple nuwɔna siwo nyɔa dzodzro vɔ̃ ɖe ame me—bɔ ɖe dukɔ geɖe me fifia, wowɔnɛ kple susu be nuƒoƒo ƒe ablɔɖe li ta!

Fifia la, amesiwo nya kɔmpiuta zazã, ame tsitsiwo kple ɖeviwo siaa, te ŋu ɖoa gbɔdɔdɔ dzeakaɖawo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo ɖe anyigba bubuwo dzi le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko me eye woɖoa dze kple amesiwo wonya nyuie be wonye gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe sedzidalawo kple ɖevigbɔdɔlawo, amesiwo xɔa amewo ƒe ŋkɔ kple adrɛswo bene yewoakpe le adzame. Hadzidzi siwo me nyawo gblɔnɛ hedea dzi ƒo be woawu ame ɖokui, ame dzilawo, kpovitɔwo, kple dziɖuɖumegãwo la ɖina gbesiagbe le radio kple television dzi alo wole ha siwo ɖeviwo ƒona la me.

Amesiwo le nuƒoƒo ƒe ablɔɖe si ŋu se metsi tre ɖo o dim la dometɔ ʋee aɖewo koe mawɔ ɖeka kple Ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe Kɔkɔtɔ ƒe Ʋɔnudrɔ̃la Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. o, esi wòŋlɔ le nyametsotso ɖedzesi aɖe me le nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ŋu wu ƒe blaatɔ̃e nye sia be: “Se sesẽtɔ si aɖe mɔ ɖe nuƒoƒo faa ŋu makpɔ amesi ado ɣli be fefewɔƒe lé dzo kple susu be yeatsɔ aflu amewo ado vɔvɔ̃ na woe la ta o.” Míenya nusi ado tso nuwɔna ma me kɔte. Ekema aleke nunya manɔ eme o enye si be ne woatso nya me le nya ma tɔgbe ŋu ɣebubuɣi la, amewo nagbe bubudede eŋu ahatsɔ akpasesẽ adze aglã ɖe eŋu. Holmes gblɔ be: “Nya si le vevie le nya ɖesiaɖe mee nye be, ɖe wozã nya siwo wogblɔ le go sia me be wòazu nusi dze kɔte be ahe dzɔgbevɔ̃e vɛ eye wòahe nu gbegblẽ siwo ŋu Sewɔtakpekpea kpɔ mɔ axe mɔ ɖo la vɛ hã.”

Amamaɖeɖenuwɔnawo Ðeɖefia le Kɔmpiuta Dzi

Time magazine ka nya ta be: “Gbɔdɔdɔ bɔ ɖe afisiafi fifia, ele agbalẽwo, magazinewo, sinimawo, television, video dzi hadzidziwo me kple nɔnɔmetata siwo wotsɔ doa boblo ami ʋeʋẽwo le ʋutɔɖoƒewo dzi. Wotae ɖe telefon dzi gbɔdɔdɔnyawo sese ƒe asitsagbalẽviwo dzi eye wotsɔnɛ dea ʋu ƒe ahuhɔ̃edzitutunu te dzaa. . . . Amerikatɔ akpa gãtɔ kpɔa gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe dzodzronu siwo wowɔna gaglãa la teƒe ɖaa—eye wosea nusita wodea bubu tɔxɛ nya siwo wotsɔ ʋlia etae le Ðɔɖɔɖo Gbãtɔa [nuƒoƒo ƒe ablɔɖe] nu ɖaa—ale gbegbe be womegava nya be eli hã o.” Gake nane le gbɔdɔdɔ ɖeɖefia gaglã kple kɔmpiuta zazã kpe ɖe eŋu me si na nɔnɔme kple gɔmesese yeye va le nya “amamaɖeɖenuwɔnawo” ŋu. Ame geɖe doa vivi ɖe eŋu, ebɔ, eye wòxɔ xexeame katã.

Numekuku aɖe gblɔ be asisi siwo xɔa gbɔdɔdɔ ŋuti nyatakakawo toa kɔmpiuta dzi, siwo lɔ̃ be yewoaxe fe siwo ade $10 va ɖo $30 la le “dugã 2,000 me le [Amerika-du] 50 la katã me kple le dukɔ, anyigbamamã kple nuto 40 me le xexeame godoo—ele dukɔwo abe China, afisi ne wokpɔ amamaɖeɖefotowo le ame si la, woate ŋu atso kufia na ame gɔ̃ hã me.”

Time magazine yɔ amamaɖeɖe ɖeɖefia le kɔmpiuta dzi ƒomevi aɖe be enye “golo si me ‘nudzeakaɖa’ siwo dometɔ aɖewo nye ame babla adɔ egbɔ, gbɔdɔdɔ ŋutasesẽtɔe, aɖuɖɔɖɔɖɔ, afɔdzidede, kple lã ƒomevi vovovowo gbɔ dɔdɔ ŋuti nɔnɔmetatawo le.” Nusiawo siwo dze le dugbadza kɔmpiutawo dzi si ŋutsuwo, nyɔnuwo, kple ɖevi siwo le xexeame godoo te ŋu kpɔna la fɔ biabia vevi aɖewo ɖe te ku ɖe nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ŋu.

Britania nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be: “Esi ɖeviwo dze nusiawo kpɔm ko la, amamaɖeɖenuwɔna gbegblẽwo megale agbalẽdzrala ƒe agbalẽti dzi si wòasesẽ na ɖeviwo be woƒe asi nasu o, ke boŋ eva le ɖevi ɖesiaɖe ƒe asitsɔƒe, eye efia be eva le woƒe xɔdɔme me.” Wosusui be kaka ƒe 1996 nawu enu la, Britaniatɔwo ƒe ƒome 47 le alafa me siwo si kɔmpiuta le la ado ka kple kɔmpiutadɔwɔƒewo. Agbalẽa gblɔ be: “Dzila Britaniatɔ geɖe menya mɔ̃ɖaŋuŋutinu deŋgɔwo ŋu de wo viwo nu o. Le dzinu 18 siwo va yi me la, ‘ŋkutsatsa le Kɔmpiuta dzi Nyatakakawo me’ nye ƒewuiviwo ƒe modzakaɖenu siwo wolɔ̃na vevie dometɔ ɖeka.”

Kathleen Mahoney si nye sefialagã le Calgary Yunivɛsiti, Canada, eye wòganye amesi bi ɖe senya siwo ku ɖe amamaɖeɖenuwɔnawo me gblɔ be: “Ele be amewo nanya be mɔnu aɖe si dzi womele kpɔkpɔm nyuie koŋ o li eye woate ŋu ato edzi agblẽ ɖeviwo ahadi viɖe le wo ŋu.” Canada kpovitɔwo ƒe amegã aɖe gblɔ be: “Edze ƒã be nya siwo woatsɔ ɖe ɖeviwo ƒe amamaɖeɖenuwɔnawo le kɔmpiuta kpɔkpɔ ta ŋu la adzi ɖe edzi kpuie.” Ƒomeɖaŋuɖoha geɖe le gbɔgblɔm be amamaɖeɖe le kɔmpiuta dzi si ɖeviwo kpɔna kple ŋusẽ si wòakpɔ ɖe wo dzi la nye “nusi dze kɔte be ahe dzɔgbevɔ̃e vɛ.”

Tsitretsiɖeŋunyawo

Dumeviwo ƒe ablɔɖetaʋlilawo ƒe dziku flana ɖe nusianu si Sewɔtakpekpea di be yeawɔ atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe nu abe amamaɖeɖe ɖeɖefia le kɔmpiuta dzi si tɔgbe ŋu Ʋɔnudrɔ̃la Holmes kple United States Ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe Kɔkɔtɔ tso nya me le ene la ŋu. Havard sefialagã aɖe gblɔ be: “Enye Ðɔɖɔɖo Gbãtɔa dzidzedze tẽ.” Time magazine gblɔ be amesamala tsitsiwo gɔ̃ hã ɖe alɔme le eŋu. Wo dometɔ ɖeka gblɔ be: “Ne wodoe kpɔ le vodada suewo drɔ̃ƒe gɔ̃ hã la, mato eme ado o.” Amegã aɖe si le Ɣaɣlaƒe Elektrikmɔ̃ me Nyatakaka Dɔwɔƒe gblɔ be: “Dziɖuɖua le se tem ɖe to.” Time yɔ eƒe nya si wògblɔ la be: “Mele be woaɖe asi le Ðɔɖɔɖo Gbãtɔa ŋu esime woto Kɔmpiuta dzi Nyatakaka vɛ o.” United States sewɔtakpekpea me nɔla aɖe gblɔ be: “Edze ƒã be enye dada le nuƒoƒo faa ƒe se la dzi, eye enye dada le ame tsitsiwo ƒe gome si le wo si be woaƒo nu kple wo nɔewo la dzi.”

New York Sesɔsrɔ̃ Suku ƒe nufialagã aɖe gblɔ be viɖe le gbɔdɔdɔ ŋuti nyagbɔgblɔmɔnu vovovo siwo womegblɔ kpe ɖe dumeviwo ƒe gomenɔamesi kple nuƒoƒo faa ƒe seawo ŋu o la ŋu. Time gblɔ eƒe nukpɔsusu be: “Gbɔdɔdɔnuwɔna siwo le Kɔmpiuta dzi Nyatakaka me la ate ŋu anyo na sɔhɛwo ŋutɔ.” Egblɔ be: “[Kɔmpiutamɔ̃ɖaŋu] nye mɔ si dzi woate ŋu ato adi nutsitsriwo kple esiwo ŋu wode se ɖo la le, si magblẽ nu o . . . Ete ŋu ʋua mɔ be woaɖo dze adodoe ŋukpemanɔmee le nu vavãwo kple gbɔdɔdɔ ŋuti nɔnɔmetata siwo vaa susu me na ame la ŋu.”

Sɔhɛ geɖe hã do adã ɖe mɔxexe ɖe amamaɖeɖe ɖeɖefia le kɔmpiuta dzi ŋu, vevietɔ yunivɛsitiviwo. Wo dometɔ aɖewo lɔ gbɔ tsɔ ɖe alesi wobu be wole yewoƒe nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ƒe gome si le yewo si xɔm ta la fia. Ðikekemanɔmee la, nya si ŋutsu aɖe si togbɔ be menye sukuvie wònye o hã gblɔ woŋlɔ ɖe The New York Times me la sɔ kple ame geɖe siwo tsi tre ɖe ɖoɖo si wɔm wole be woade se ɖe amamaɖeɖe ɖeɖefia le kɔmpiuta dzi nu ƒe nukpɔsusu: “Mekpɔ be aɖi kokoe na dukɔ sia me Kɔmpiuta dzi Nyatakaka zãlawo katã eye womabui o, ke le Kɔmpiuta dzi Nyatakaka zãla bubu siwo le xexeame godoo gome ya la, ɖeko United States azu alɔmeɖenu na wo.”

Esi U.S.News & World Report nɔ nya ta kam le dumeviwo ƒe ablɔɖeha aɖe ƒe amegã aɖe ƒe nyagbɔgblɔ ŋu la, egblɔ be: “Kɔmpiutamɔ̃ɖaŋu [kɔmpiuta dzi nu ɖeɖefiawo] ado ŋusẽ nuƒoƒoblɔɖe wu Ðɔɖɔɖo Gbãtɔa. Le nyateƒe me la, ‘eva le sesẽm ŋutɔŋutɔ na dziɖuɖua be wòana amewo namia nu ɖe woƒe nyawo dzi’ xoxo.”

Nusiwo ate ŋu anye dada le nuƒoƒo faa ƒe gomenɔamesi siwo wona ɖe Gomenɔamesiwo Kple Ablɔɖewo Ŋuti Sededea me dzi la nye nya siwo ŋu wole nya ʋlim le vevie le Canada. Wolé nutala siwo ƒe nutatawo do dziku na numetola kple kpovitɔ, siwo bu nusiawo “gbegblẽnuwoe.” Nutalawo kple nuƒoƒoblɔɖetaʋlilawo bla tsi tre ɖe ameléleawo ŋu hebu fɔe be enye dada le yewoƒe nuƒoƒoblɔɖe dzi. Vaseɖe abe ƒe ene siwo va yi ene me la, kpovitɔwo xɔa amamaɖeɖe videokasɛtwo edziedzi, le Canada ƒe gbegblẽnuwo ŋuti se la nu, eye wohea nyawo yia ʋɔnui eye wobua fɔ asitsala siwo dzra wo lae.

Gake emawo katã va trɔ esime Canada ƒe Ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe Kɔkɔtɔ tso nya me le ʋɔnunya ɖedzesi aɖe me le ƒe 1992 me be se meɖe mɔ be woalé nenem nu mawo o le nuƒoƒo faa ƒe ablɔɖe si wona le Gomenɔamesiwo Kple Ablɔɖewo Ŋuti Sededea me ta. Woŋlɔ ɖe Maclean’s magazine me be ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒea ƒe nyametsotsoa “na tɔtrɔ ɖedzesi aɖe va Canadatɔwo ƒe agbenɔnɔ me.” Magazinea gblɔ be: “Fifia la, ebɔ be nàkpɔ gbɔdɔdɔnuwɔnawo ŋutɔŋutɔ ƒe magazinewo kple videowo le ablɔto fiasewo me le dugã geɖe me.” Esiwo ŋu ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒea gblɔ le be woaɖo asi wo dzi gɔ̃ hã gakpɔtɔ li eƒlelawo naƒle.

Kpovitɔwo ƒe amegã aɖe gblɔ be: “Menya be ne ège ɖe afima la, àkpɔ nusiwo ŋu se meɖe mɔ ɖo o. Emawo nye nusiwo ŋu míate ŋu atsɔ nya ɖo. Gake . . . vovo mele mía ŋu o.” Kakaɖedzi mele wo si be woabu nutsotsoawo nu vevii hã o. Le fifia si woɖea mɔ ɖe nusianu ŋu la, wolɔ̃a bubudede amewo ƒe ablɔɖe ŋu ŋusẽ aɖeke makpɔmakpɔ ɖe wo dzii, eye amewo ƒe nukpɔsusu kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒewo dzi. Gake susu ka kee ɖale megbe nɛ o, nyaʋiʋlia akpɔtɔ anɔ seselelãme sesẽ vovovowo nyɔm ɖe ame akpa eveawo siaa me—ame aɖewo ade edzi eye ɖewo atsi tre ɖe eŋu.

Ɣeaɖeɣi le Japan la, wode se gbogbo aɖewo ɖe nuƒoƒo kple agbalẽtata faa nu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, womete ŋu ka nya ta faa le anyigbaʋuʋu si wodzidze be ede dzeside 7.9 le Richter ƒe nudzidzemɔ̃ dzi si me amesiwo sɔ gbɔ wu akpe ɖeka ku le la ŋu o. Womete ŋu ka nya ta le nufitifitiwɔwɔwo kple le ahiãviwo ƒe wo nɔewo wuwu le wo ɖokuiwuwu ƒe ɖoɖo si wowɔ la me ŋu o. Esi wonɔ mɔ xem ɖe nusiwo amewo bua nu tsɛwoe gɔ̃ hã nu atraɖii la, nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽwo ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔmetolawo na ta esi dziɖuɖua do ŋɔdzi na wo. Gake le Xexemeʋa II megbe la, wova ɖe mɔxenuwo ɖa eye nuƒoƒo kple agbalẽtata faa ƒe ablɔɖe si lolo wu va nɔ Japan.

Le nyateƒe me la, nɔnɔmewo gava trɔ bubui kura esime nɔnɔmetata gbegblẽwo kple esiwo nyɔa gbɔdɔdɔ ɖe ame me va nɔ magazine kple ɖeviwo ƒe nukokoedonamegbalẽ aɖewo me. Japantɔwo ƒe nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ xɔŋkɔ aɖe si nye The Daily Yomiuri gblɔ kpɔ be: “Ðewohĩ nu wɔmoyawo dometɔ ɖeka si amedzro si va ɖo Japan teti akpɔe nye alesi asitsamegãwo anɔ gbɔdɔdɔ nyɔŋuwo ŋuti modzakaɖegbalẽwo xlẽm le Tokyo ƒe tomemɔdodowo to. Esi nyɔnuwo ƒe modzakaɖegbalẽ siwo me gbɔdɔdɔnuwɔnawo ŋutɔŋutɔ ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo le va le agbalẽdzraƒewo kple fiase gãwo me ta la, edze abe nɔnɔmea va le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe woawo hã dzi azɔ ene.”

Le ƒe 1995 me la, nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ si ŋu wodea bubui, si nye Asahi Shimbun yɔ Japan be enye “Amamaɖeɖegbalẽwo ƒe Paradiso.” Esi dzilawo tsi tre ɖe wo ŋu eye agbalẽmetolawo kple agbalẽtalawo di be agbalẽdzrahawo ŋutɔ natso nya me le wo ɖokui si tsɔ wu be dziɖuɖua nade se ɖe enu la, sɔhɛ siwo xlẽa agbalẽawo ya gbe. Míate ŋu abia be, ‘Ameka ƒe gbee woava se mlɔeba?’

Wole nya hem vevie le nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ŋu fifia le France. Fransetɔ Jean Morange ŋlɔ le eƒe agbalẽ si ƒo nu le nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ŋu me be: “Ðikeke aɖeke mele eme o be nuƒoƒoblɔɖe ƒe ŋutinya mewu enu o, eye agayi edzi anɔ mamã hem vɛ. . . . Ƒã hafi ƒe aɖe ava yi si me ne woto sinima aɖe alo television dzi nukpɔkpɔ aɖe alo boblodonu aɖe vɛ eye magbe tsitretsiɖeŋu sesẽ aɖe hehe vɛ o, esi naa mɔxexeɖenunu ŋuti nyaʋiʋli xoxo si mevɔna o la gadzea egɔme.”

Nyati aɖe si dze le Paris ƒe nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ Le Figaro me gblɔ be rap-hadziha aɖe si ŋkɔe nye Ministère amer (Dɔ Manyoameŋu) le dzi dem ƒo na eƒe haselawo be woawu kpovitɔwo. Woƒe hawo dometɔ ɖeka me nyawo gblɔ be: “Ŋutifafa mava o vaseɖe esime [kpovitɔwo] ku hafi.” Hadziha la ƒe nyanuɖela gblɔ be: “Míegblɔna na wo le míaƒe haƒogbawo dzi be woatɔ dzo kpovitɔwo ƒe dɔwɔƒe eye woatsɔ [kpovitɔwo] asa vɔe. Nukae ganyo wu esia?” Womewɔ naneke rap-hadziha la o.

Rap-hadziha siwo le Amerika hã gblɔna be woawu kpovitɔwo eye wonɔa te ɖe nuƒoƒoblɔɖea dzi gblɔna be yewokpɔ mɔ agblɔ nya mawo. Ameha vovovowo le tɔ tem ɖe edzi le France, Italy, England kple dukɔ bubuwo me le Europa kpakple xexeame godoo be woagaxe mɔ ɖe nuƒoƒo faa le dutoƒo nu o ne nyagbɔgblɔa “nye nusi dze kɔte be ahe dzɔgbevɔ̃e vɛ” gɔ̃ hã. Ɣekaɣie nyaʋiʋlia nu ayi, eye akpa kae aɖu dzi mlɔeba?

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 15]

Amamaɖeɖe ɖeɖefia le kɔmpiuta dzi nye “golo si me nu dzeakaɖawo le”