Ame Geɖe Va Le Atikewɔwɔ Kple Dɔwɔwɔname Ʋumazãmazãe Tiam

“Ele be amesiwo katã wɔa ʋu ŋudɔ eye wokpɔa dɔnɔ siwo wowɔ dɔ na gbɔ nade ŋugble le dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe ŋu.”—Ðk. Joachim Boldt, amededealɔ̃mefiala le Ludwigshafen, Germany.

AIDS ƒe afɔkua zii ɖe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo kple atikewɔlawo dzi be woaɖe afɔ bubu siwo awɔe be afɔku geɖe maganɔ dɔwɔwɔ na amewo me o. Edze ƒã be esia bia be woado ʋuawo akpɔ nyuie wu. Gake eŋutinunyalawo gblɔ be afɔɖeɖe siawo gɔ̃ hã mate ŋu aɖe ʋudodo me fɔkuwo katã ɖa o. Magazine si nye Transfusion gblɔ be “Togbɔ be amegbetɔƒomea le ga geɖe zãm be woatsɔ aɖe dɔlékuiwo ɖa le ʋu si amewo nana me wu tsã hã la, míesusui be dɔnɔwo ayi edzi agbe ame bubuwo ƒe ʋu dodo elabena mate ŋu adzɔ gbeɖe be dɔlékui aɖeke manɔ ʋua me o.”

Mewɔ nuku o be ɖɔkta geɖe va le ŋu ɖɔm ɖo geɖe wu le ʋudodo na amewo me. Ðk. Alex Zapolanski si le San Francisco, California, gblɔ be: “Ʋudodo menyo koŋ o eye míaƒe ŋku biã ŋutɔ be míatsri ezazã na amesiame.”

Dukɔmevi dzrowo hã va le dzesi dem afɔku siwo le ʋudodo me. Le nyateƒe me la, esi wobia gbe amewo le Canada le ƒe 1996 me la, wo dometɔ 89 le alafa me gblɔ be yewoadi be woazã atike bubu siwo wozãna ɖe ʋu teƒe na yewo tsɔ wu ame bubu ƒe ʋu. Magazine si nye Journal of Vascular Surgery gblɔ be: “Menye amesiamee agbe ʋu si sɔ kple etɔ dodo abe alesi Yehowa Ðasefowo gbenɛ ene o. Gake afɔku si li be woate ŋu axɔ dɔ tso eme kple alesi wòate ŋu agblẽ nu le ŋutilãa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋui nye kpeɖodzi si ɖee fia kɔte be ele be míadi atike bubuwo azã ɖe ʋu teƒe na míaƒe dɔnɔwo.”

Mɔnu si Nyo Wu

Dzidzɔtɔe la, mɔnu bubu li woazã—si nye atikewɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe. Le susu nyui aɖe ta la, dɔnɔ geɖe biana be woazãe na yewo gbã, ke menye be ne wozã ʋua wòglo hafi woatee kpɔ o. Stephen Geoffrey Pollard si nye amekokoŋutiɖaŋuɖola le Britain gblɔ be “ne mede ɖeke o la,” amesiwo wowɔa dɔ na ʋumazãmazãe dometɔ siwo xɔa dɔ kple esiwo kuna ƒe xexlẽme “sɔ kple amesiwo xɔa ʋu la tɔ, eye zi geɖe la, dɔwɔwɔname megbe dɔxɔxɔ kple kuxi siwo tsoa ʋudodo me la meɖea fu na wo o.”

Alekee woto atikewɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe vɛ? Le mɔ aɖe nu la, ewɔ abe biabiaa wɔ mo ya ene, elabena atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe li hafi wova dze ʋuzazã gɔme. Le nyateƒe me la, ƒe alafa 20 lia ƒe gɔmedzedze me ke hafi ʋudodo ŋuti ɖaŋu deŋgɔ va ɖo afisi wodze ezazã na amewo edziedzi. Gake le nyitsɔ laa ƒewo me la, ame aɖewo va na atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe va le bɔbɔm. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le ƒe 1960 ƒeawo me la, Denton Cooley si nye amekola xɔŋkɔ wɔ dɔ na amesiwo wowɔ dzidɔ na zi gbãtɔ la dometɔ aɖewo ʋumazãmazãe.

Esi aklãdɔléle va nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzi le amesiwo wodo ʋu na dome le ƒe 1970 ƒeawo me la, ɖɔkta geɖe va dze atike bubu siwo woawɔ ɖe ʋu teƒe didi gɔme. Kaka ƒe 1980 ƒeawo naɖo la, atikewɔlawo ƒe ha gã geɖe va nɔ dɔ wɔm na amewo ʋumazãmazãe. Azɔ esi AIDS dɔvɔ̃a do la, atikewɔla bubu siwo di vevie be yewoadze atikewɔwɔ ʋumanɔmee gɔme la va nɔ ta dom ɖe atikewɔlawo ƒe ha siawo gbɔ hena mɔfiamewo. Le ƒe 1990 ƒeawo me la, wowɔ ɖoɖo le kɔdzi geɖe si me wonaa mɔnukpɔkpɔ woƒe dɔnɔwo be woatia atikewɔwɔ si me womazã ʋu le o.

Fifia la, ɖɔktawo te ŋu zãa mɔnu siwo me womezãa ʋu le o tsɔ wɔa dɔ na amewo eye wozãnɛ le nɔnɔme siwo hiã kpata, siwo me wobiana le tsã be woado ʋu na ame gɔ̃ hã me. D.H.W. Wong, gblɔ le Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia me be: “Woate ŋu awɔ dɔwo abe dzidɔwo, ʋukamedɔwo, nyɔnuwo koko, viɖeɖeleameŋu, ƒutomedɔwo, kple aɖuɖɔtoemedɔ siwo nu sẽ gɔ̃ hã wòadze edzi si womazã ʋu alo ʋumenu aɖeke o.”

Dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe ƒe viɖe ɖekae nye be ena woléa be na ame wu. Ðk. Benjamin J. Reichstein si nye amekolawo ƒe amegã le Cleveland, Ohio gblɔ be: “Amekolaa ƒe bibi le vevie ŋutɔ bene ʋu nagado le dɔnɔa ŋu o.” South Africatɔwo ƒe segbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be le nɔnɔme aɖewo me la, dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe te ŋu “tsɔna wu, nɔa dzadzɛ wu eye eƒe asi bɔbɔna wu.” Egblɔ kpee be: “Le nyateƒe me la, zi geɖe womegblẽa ga geɖe le dɔnɔ siwo womedo ʋu na le dɔwɔwɔ na wo me o gbɔ kpɔkpɔ le dɔa wɔwɔ vɔ megbe me o, eye mexɔa ɣeyiɣi geɖe hã o.” Esiawo nye susu siwo ta kɔdzi siwo wu 180 le xexeame katã egbea wɔ ɖoɖo siwo me wofiaa atikewɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe le la dometɔ aɖewo ko.

Yehowa Ðasefowo Kple Ʋu

Yehowa Ðasefowo gbea ʋudodo le dzixɔse siwo nɔ te ɖe Biblia dzi ta.a Gake wolɔ̃na wɔa atike—eye wodina vevie—be woawɔ atike siwo wozãna ɖe ʋu teƒe na yewo. Esime Ðk. Richard K. Spence nye amekolawo ƒe amegã le kɔ aɖe dzi le New York la, egblɔ be: “Yehowa Ðasefowo dina vevie be woawɔ atike nyuitɔ kekeake na yewo. Woƒe ƒuƒoƒoa nye dɔnɔ siwo wowɔa dɔ na la dometɔ siwo wofia nui nyuie wu amesiame siwo ŋu amekola ake ɖo.”

Ðɔktawo bi ɖe dɔwɔwɔ na Yehowa Ðasefowo ʋumazãmazãe me nyuie. Bu Denton Cooley si wɔa dɔ le dzi kple ʋukawo ŋu ƒe nuteƒekpɔkpɔ ŋu kpɔ. Le ƒe 27 me la, eya kple eƒe dɔwɔlawo wɔ dzidɔ na Yehowa Ðasefo 663 ʋumazãmazãe. Nusiwo do tso eme ɖee fia kɔte be woate ŋu ako ame awɔ dɔ le eƒe dzi ŋu ʋumazãmazãe wòadze edzi.

Enye nyateƒe be ame geɖe ƒo nu tsi tre ɖe Yehowa Ðasefowo ŋu le woƒe ʋumadomado ta ya. Gake nya aɖe si Britain kple Irelandtɔwo ƒe Amedealɔ̃melawo ƒe Habɔbɔ gblɔ wota la gblɔ le Yehowa Ðasefowo ƒe nyametsotsoa ŋu be enye “dzesi si fia be wodea bubu agbe ŋu.” Le nyateƒe me la, Ðasefoawo ƒe tenɔnɔ si womefena kplii o ye wɔe be wova le atikewɔwɔ siwo me afɔku mele o ŋudɔ wɔm na amesiame. Nufialagã Stein A. Evensen, si le Norway ƒe Kɔdzigã ŋlɔ be: “Yehowa Ðasefo siwo wòhiã be woawɔ dɔ na la fia mɔa eye wozii ɖe mía dzi be míawɔ nuwo wòanyo wu le Norway ƒe lãmesẽnyawo ƒe akpa vevi aɖe gbɔ kpɔkpɔ me.”

Yehowa Ðasefowo ɖo kadodo dɔwɔƒewo be wòakpe ɖe ɖɔktawo ŋu woawɔ atike na wo ʋumazãmazãe. Fifi laa la, Kɔdzi Kadodokɔmiti siwo wu 1,400 le xexeame katã eye atikewɔwɔ ŋuti gbalẽ siwo wu 3,000 le wo si woatsɔ akpe ɖe ɖɔktawo kple numekulawo ŋu be woatsɔ aku nu me le atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe me. Ðk. Charles Baron si nye nufialagã le Boston ƒe Sesɔsrɔ̃ Kɔledzi gblɔ be: “Menye Yehowa Ðasefowo koe Ðasefowo ƒe Kɔdzi Kadodokɔmitia ƒe dɔwɔna wɔe be womado ʋu na madzemadzee egbea o, ke boŋ na dɔnɔwo katã hã.”b

Atikewɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe ŋuti nyatakaka siwo Yehowa Ðasefowo ta la kpe ɖe atikewɔla geɖe ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me esime agbalẽ si ƒe tanyae nye Autotransfusion: Therapeutic Principles and Trends ŋlɔlawo nɔ asi trɔm le nyatiwo ŋu hena agbalẽa ŋɔŋlɔ la, wobia Yehowa Ðasefowo be woana nyatakaka yewo ku ɖe atike siwo wowɔna ɖe ʋu teƒe ŋu. Ðasefoawo wɔ ɖe woƒe didia dzi dzidzɔtɔe. Emegbe agbalẽa ŋlɔlawo ŋlɔ akpedadatɔe be: “Le nusiwo katã míexlẽ ku ɖe nyati sia ŋu me la, míeke ɖe mɔnu vovovo siwo woazã ɖe ʋu si sɔ kple ame tɔ la dodo na ame teƒe ŋuti nuŋlɔɖi siwo me kɔ eye wosɔ gbɔ alea gbegbe ŋu kpɔ o.”

Ŋgɔyiyi si wowɔ le atikewɔwɔ me na ame geɖe va le atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe ŋu bum. Afikae esia akplɔ mí ayii? Nufialagã Luc Montagnier si ke ɖe AIDS dɔlékuia ŋu gbã gblɔ be: “Afisi míaƒe gɔmesese yi ŋgɔ va ɖo le dɔ sia wɔwɔ me ɖee fia be ele be ʋudodoname nu natsi gbeɖeka.” Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, atike siwo wowɔna ɖe ʋu teƒe le ame geɖe xɔm ɖe agbe xoxo.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔwo]

[Aɖaka/Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 7]

Nya si Ðɔkta Aɖewo Gblɔ

‘Menye Yehowa Ðasefowo koe dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe nyo na o ke boŋ enyo na amesiame. Mesusu be ele be ɖɔkta ɖesiaɖe nazãe.’—Ðk. Joachim Boldt, amededealɔ̃me ŋuti nufialagã le Ludwigshafen, Germany.

“Togbɔ be afɔku mele ʋudodo me fifia abe alesi wònɔ tsã ene o hã la, afɔkuwo gale eme kokoko, eye ɖewoe nye ʋu si tsaka kple amea tɔ la me kuxiwo, aklãdɔléle kple nulɔdɔwo.”—Ðk. Terrence J. Sacchi, si nye eŋutikefialagã ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ.

“Atikewɔla akpa gãtɔ mebua tame zi eve le ʋudodonamewo ŋu o, eye wodonɛ na amesiame faa ko. Nyemewɔnɛ nenema o.”—Ðk. Alex Zapolanski, dziŋutidɔwɔlawo ƒe amegã le San Francisco Dziŋutinusrɔ̃ƒe.

“Nyemekpɔ yɔnu dɔwɔwɔname si ne nu bubu aɖeke mele fu ɖem na dɔnɔa o la, wòahiã kokoko be woado ʋu nɛ ɣesiaɣi o.”—Ðk. Johannes Scheele, amekoko ŋuti nufialagã, Jena, Germany.

[Nɔnɔmetatawo]

Ðk. Terrence J. Sacchi

ÐK. Joachim Boldt

[Aɖaka/Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 8, 9]

Atikewɔwɔ Kple Dɔwɔwɔname Ʋumazãmazãe

Eƒe Mɔnu Aɖewo

Tsiwo: Wozãa dzetsi ƒe mɔnu si woyɔna be Ringers solution, suklitsi si woyɔna be dextran, goma me tsi si woyɔna be hydroxyethyl, kple bubuawo tsɔ naa ʋu wɔa dɔ nyuie, ale be eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nagaɖiɖi o. Woate ŋu atsɔ ya (oxygen) ade tsi aɖewo siwo dom wole kpɔ fifia la me ado na ame.

Atikewo: Amenyinu si woyɔna be protein si me wode ŋusẽdoamenuwoe ate ŋu ado ŋusẽ ʋumenugbagbevidzĩwo (erythropoietin), ʋumeŋusẽdonuwo (interleukin-11), kple ʋumenugbagbeviɣiwo (abe GM-CSF, kple G-CSF ene). Atike bubuwo (abe aprotinin kple antifibrinolytics ene) hã zazã wɔnɛ be ʋu medona le ame ŋu sɔ gbɔ alo ado akpa (desmopressin) le dɔwɔwɔname me o.

Abiblanu si te ŋu léna ɖe nu ŋu: Wotsɔa ɖetifu si me wode atike si woyɔna be Collagen kple glucose ɖoa teƒe si ʋu le dodom le ale be ʋua nu natso. Woate ŋu atsɔ ɖetifu si me wode atikee be wòalé ɖe nu ŋu la aɖo abi dzi eye wòate ŋu axe ʋuka geɖe siwo me ʋu le dodom le la nu.

Ʋu si do le ame ŋu gbugbɔgado: Mɔ̃wo li siwo wote ŋu zãna tsɔ xea ʋu si do le ame ŋu le dɔwɔwɔ nɛ me alo ne amea xɔ abi. Wote ŋu kɔa ʋua me gagbugbɔ dona na amea to mɔ̃ me eye ya maƒo ɖee o. Le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me la, woate ŋu azã mɔnu sia axe ʋu lita geɖe.

Amekodɔwɔnuwo: Dɔwɔnu aɖewo tsoa ʋukawo gaxea wo le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka ma me. Dɔwɔnu bubuwo li siwo ate ŋu axe ʋuka siwo me ʋu le dodom le la nu, ne abia galolo hã. Mɔ̃ siwo wote ŋu tsɔ kpɔa nu le ƒodo me kple amekonu siwo medea abi gã ame ŋu o kpena ɖe amekolawo ŋu be woawɔ dɔ na amewo eye ʋu fũ mado le wo ŋu abe alesi wònɔna ne wode abi gãwo ame ŋu ene o.

Amekoɖaŋuwo: Ðoɖo nyui wɔwɔ ɖe amekoko ŋu, si me woaxɔ aɖaŋuɖoɖo tso amesiwo bi ɖe dɔa wɔwɔ me gbɔ kpena ɖe amekolawo ŋu be woaƒo asa na kuxiwo. Ele vevie be woaɖe afɔ kaba ana ʋu si le dodom la nu natso. Ne wolala wu gaƒoƒo 24 la, dɔnɔa ate ŋu aku. Ne dɔ si woawɔ la lolo gake womae hewɔe vivivi la, awɔe be ʋu geɖe mado le amea ŋu o.

[Aɖaka/Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 10]

Atikewɔwɔ Ʋumanɔmee “Beléle ƒe Dzidzenu Yeyee Wònyea?”

NYƆ! dzro viɖe siwo le atikewɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe me kple ame ene siwo bi ɖe dɔa me.

Le dɔnɔ siwo gbea ʋudodo le subɔsubɔ dzixɔsewo ta megbe la, amekawo hãe adi be woawɔ atike na yewo ʋumazãmazãe?

Ðk. Spahn: Dɔnɔ siwo biana be míawɔ atike siwo me womazã ʋu le o le míaƒe kɔa dzi nye agbalẽnyala siwo nya nu geɖe tso nyaa ŋu.

Ðk. Shander: Le ƒe 1998 me la, dɔnɔ xexlẽme siwo gbe ʋudodo le woawo ŋutɔwo ƒe didi nu la sɔ gbɔ wu amesiwo gbee le subɔsubɔ dzixɔsewo ta.

Ðk. Boyd: Le kpɔɖeŋu me, kansa le dɔnɔ aɖewo ŋu. Edze zi geɖe be ne womedo ʋu na wo o la, woƒe lãme hayana kaba wu eye dɔlélea megadzea wo dzi emegbe abe alesi wòdzea amesiwo wodo ʋu na la dzi ene o.

Ðk. Spahn: Zi geɖe la míezãa ʋu le atikewɔwɔ na yunivɛsiti nufialagãwo kple woƒe ƒomewo me o. Amekolawo gɔ̃ hã biana be míagado ʋu na yewo o! Le kpɔɖeŋu me, amekola aɖe va kpɔ mí ku ɖe srɔ̃a si wòhiã be woawɔ dɔ na la ŋu. Egblɔ be: “Miɖɔ ŋu ɖo le nu ɖeka ko ŋu—be miagado ʋu nɛ o!”

Ðk. Shander: Dɔwɔla siwo le amededealɔ̃medɔwɔƒea gblɔ be: ‘Dɔnɔ siawo siwo gbe ʋudodo la ƒe lãme hayana abe amesiwo xɔe ke ene alo wu wo gɔ̃ hã. Nukata wòle be dɔnɔdzikpɔkpɔ ŋuti dzidzenu eve nanɔ mía si? Nenye esiae nye nyuitɔ kekeake la, ke ele be míazãe na amesiame.’ Eyata fifia míele mɔ kpɔm be atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe nava zu nusi dzi woda asi ɖo na dɔnɔwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ.

Aƒetɔ Earnshaw: Enye nyateƒe be Yehowa Ðasefowo koŋ ye tea tɔ ɖe dɔwɔwɔname ʋumadomadoe dzi ya. Gake nenemae míedi be míawɔe na amesiame.

Ðe dɔwɔwɔname ʋumazãmazãe xɔ asi wu alo eƒe asi bɔbɔ wu?

Aƒetɔ Earnshaw: Mexɔ asi o.

Ðk. Shander: Atikewɔwɔ ʋumanɔmee ƒe asi ɖiɖi wu abe alafa memama 25 ene.

Ðk. Boyd: Ne wòanye ema ɖeɖe la, ke ele be míazãe.

Ŋgɔyiyi kawo gbegbee míewɔ le atikewɔwɔ ʋumazãmazãe me?

Ðk. Boyd: Meka ɖe edzi be míewɔ ŋgɔyiyi geɖe. Míeɖo nuwuwu le mɔ aɖeke nu haɖe o. Ɣesiaɣi si míawɔ numekuku aɖe la, míekpɔa nu yeye aɖe si fia be menyo be míazã ʋu o.

[Nɔnɔmetatawo]

Aƒetɔ Peter Earnshaw, FRCS, enye ƒugɔglɔ̃dzɔdzɔ ŋuti ɖaŋuɖola le London, United Kingdom

Ðk. Donat R. Spahn, amededealɔ̃mefiala le Zurich, Switzerland

Ðk. Aryeh Shander, amededealɔ̃mefiala ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ, United States

Ðk. Mark E. Boyd, vixexeŋutinufiala kple nyɔnuwo ƒe dɔléleŋutinunyala, Canada

[Aɖaka si le axa 11]

Akpa Si Dɔnɔa Awɔ

▪ Ƒo nu kple wò ɖɔkta ku ɖe atike siwo wowɔna ɖe ʋu teƒe ŋu hafi wòava hiã be woawɔ dɔ na wò. Esia le vevie le nyɔnu funɔwo, dzila siwo si ɖevi suewo le, kple ame tsitsiwo, koŋ gome.

▪ Ŋlɔ wò didiwo ɖe agbalẽ dzi, vevietɔ ne segbalẽwo li ku ɖe nudzɔdzɔ ma tɔgbe ŋu siwo wòle be nàkpe ɖo.

▪ Ne wò atikewɔla melɔ̃ be yeawɔ atike na wò ʋu manɔmee o la, di atikewɔla si alɔ̃ awɔ ɖe wò didiwo dzi.

▪ Esi wònye atike siwo wowɔna ɖe ʋu teƒe dometɔ aɖewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ xɔa ɣeyiɣi ta la, mègahe ɖe megbe ne ènya be ahiã be woawɔ dɔ na ye o.