Agbagbadzedze be Woatsi Mawu ƒe Ŋkɔ Zazã Nu

EŊKƆE nye Hananiah ben Teradion. Enye Yudatɔ si nye agbalẽnyala le ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. me, eye wonyae be eƒoa amewo nu ƒu ɖe gaglãgbe fiaa nu wo tso Sefer Torah, si nye agbalẽxatsaxatsa si me Biblia-gbalẽ atɔ̃ gbãtɔawo le la me. Amewo nyae hã be Ben Teradion nye amesi zãa Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ hefianɛ ame bubuwo. Esi Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ dze le Biblia-gbalẽ atɔ̃ gbãtɔawo me wu zi 1,800 sɔŋ ta la, ɖe wòate ŋu afia Torah la amewo Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ mafiamafia?

Gake Ben Teradion ƒe ɣeyiɣia nye afɔkuɣeyiɣi na Yudatɔ agbalẽnyalawo. Yudatɔ ŋutinyaŋlɔlawo gblɔ be Roma-fiagã de se ɖe Yuda-subɔsubɔ fiafia amewo alo emenɔnɔ nu eye be se sia dzi dalawo dze na ku. Mlɔeba Romatɔwo ƒe asi va tu Ben Teradion. Sefer Torah la nɔ esi le ɣeyiɣi si me wolée. Elɔ̃ ɖe edzi nyateƒetɔe esime wònɔ nya ŋu ɖom na enutsolawo be Biblia si fiam yenɔ la nye Mawu ƒe se dzi wɔwɔ. Ke hã wotso kufia nɛ kokoko.

Gbesigbe woawu Ben Teradion la, wobla Biblia-gbalẽxatsaxatsa ma si wòlé ɖe asi hafi wolée la ɖe eŋu. Emegbe wohee ɖe ati ŋu hetɔ dzoe. Encyclopaedia Judaica gblɔ be, “be woana wòase veve heliheli ɣeyiɣi didi la, wode lãfu tsi me tsɔ da ɖe eƒe akɔta bena wòagaku kaba o.” Wowu srɔ̃a hã, eye wodzra vianyɔnu na gbolowɔƒe aɖe, wònye eƒe tohehea ƒe akpa aɖe.

Togbɔ be Romatɔwoe nɔ megbe na Ben Teradion wuwu ŋutasesẽtɔe alea hã la, wogblɔ le Talmuda me be “Ŋkɔ bliboa si wòyɔ tae wotɔ dzoe tsɔ hɛ toe nɛ ɖo.” Ẽ, le Yudatɔwo gbɔ la, nuvɔ̃ gãe wònye be woayɔ Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ.

Se Etɔ̃lia

Ðaseɖiɖiwo ɖee fia be le ƒe alafa gbãtɔ kple evelia M.Ŋ. me la, aʋatsodzixɔse aɖe va ɖo Yudatɔwo me ku ɖe Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ zazã ŋu. Mishnah (si nye rabiwo ƒe numeɖegbalẽ vovovo siwo va nye Talmud gɔmeɖoanyi) la gblɔ be gomekpɔkpɔ aɖeke meli na “amesi yɔa Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ blibo la” le etsɔme anyigba dzi Paradiso si ŋugbe Mawu do la me o.

Nukatae wode se sia? Ame aɖewo gblɔ be Yudatɔwo bu Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ be ele kɔkɔe akpa be amegbetɔ madebliwo nayɔ. Mlɔeba womegava lɔ̃na gɔ̃ hã be woaŋlɔ ŋkɔa o. Numekugbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be wovɔ̃ na ŋkɔa ŋɔŋlɔ elabena wosusui be agbalẽ si dzi woaŋlɔ ŋkɔa ɖo ate ŋu ava zu gbeɖuɖɔ mlɔeba, wòava zu gudodo Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ.

Encyclopaedia Judaica gblɔ be “Se Etɔ̃lia ŋuti gɔmesese totro aɖe gbɔe wòtso wova ƒo asa na ŋkɔ YHWH . . . la yɔyɔ.” Se Ewo siwo Mawu tsɔ na Israel-viwo ƒe etɔ̃lia gblɔ be: “Megayɔ Yehowa, wò Mawu, ƒe ŋkɔ yakayaka o, elabena Yehowa magbe tohehe na amesi yɔa eƒe ŋkɔ dzodzro la o.” (Mose II, 20:7) Ale wɔ gɔmesese totro va su wo si tso se si Mawu de tsi tre ɖe eƒe ŋkɔ zazã ɖe mɔ gbegblẽ nu la ŋu.

Ele eme be ame aɖeke megblɔna egbea be Mawu di be woahe amesi yɔa Yeƒe ŋkɔ la ɖe ati ŋu ahatɔ dzoe ya o! Ke hã aʋatsodzixɔse si nɔ Yudatɔwo si tso Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ ŋuti la kpɔtɔ le amewo si kokoko. Ame geɖe yi edzi yɔa Tetragrammaton la be “Ŋkɔ Manyayɔ” kple “Ŋkɔ Mayɔmayɔ” la. Le ame aɖewo dome la, woɖonɛ koŋ trɔa nya sia nya si ku ɖe Mawu ŋu yɔna bubui kple susu be yewoagada le kɔnyinyi sia dzi o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woyɔa Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ ŋɔŋlɔ ƒe mɔnu kpuitɔ, si nye Jah, alo Yah, la be Kah. Woyɔa Halleluyah be Hallelukah. Ame aɖewo gɔ̃ hã ƒoa asa na ŋkɔ “Mawu” ƒe ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo katã ŋɔŋlɔ, hezãna nyamafli ɖe ŋɔŋlɔdzesiawo dometɔ ɖeka alo geɖe teƒe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne wodi be woaŋlɔ Eŋlisigbe me ŋkɔ “God” la, woŋlɔna “G-d.”

Agbagbadzedze Bubuwo be Woatsyɔ Nu Ŋkɔa Dzi

Gake menye Yuda-subɔsubɔ me koe woƒoa asa na Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ zazã le o. Bu Jerome, si nye Katoliko-nunɔla kpakple Papa Damasus I ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla, ŋu kpɔ. Le ƒe 405 M.Ŋ. me la, Jerome wu Biblia bliboa si gɔme ɖem wònɔ yi Latingbe me la nu, si wova yɔ be Latin Vulgate. Jerome mezã Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ le eƒe gɔmeɖeɖea me o. Ke boŋ abe alesi wowɔnɛ le eƒe ɣeyiɣia me ene la, ezã “Aƒetɔ” kple “Mawu” ɖe Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ teƒe. Latin Vulgate Biblia siae va zu Katolikotɔwo ƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe gbãtɔ si dzi woda asi ɖo eye eya dzie wotu gɔmeɖeɖe bubu geɖe ɖo le gbegbɔgblɔ geɖewo me.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, gɔmeɖeɖe si woyɔna be Douay Version, si Katolikotɔwo wɔ le ƒe 1610 me la nye Latin Vulgate Biblia si gɔme woɖe tẽ ɖe Eŋlisigbe me. Eyata mewɔ nuku o be Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ medze le Biblia sia ƒe teƒe aɖeke o. Ke hã menye Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe tsɛ aɖe koe Douay Version la nye o. Eyae va nye Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe si ko dzi woda asi ɖo be Katolikotɔ siwo doa Eŋlisigbe nazã, si wozã ʋuu va ɖo ƒe 1940 ƒeawo me. Ẽ, woɣla Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ ɖe Katolikotɔ dovevienu miliɔn geɖe ƒe alafa geɖe.

Bu Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe si nye King James Version hã ŋu kpɔ. Le ƒe 1604 me la, Englandtɔwo ƒe fia, James I, de dɔ asi na agbalẽnyalawo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe be woaɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe Eŋlisigbe me. Le ƒe adre lɔƒo megbe la, woɖe King James Version, si wogayɔna be Authorized Version la ɖe go.

Le Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe sia hã me la, gbegɔmeɖelaawo tiae be yewoaƒo asa na Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ zazã, hezãe le kpukpui ʋɛ aɖewo ko me. Le kpukpui akpa gãtɔ me la, wotsɔ “AƑETƆ” alo “MAWU” ɖo Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ teƒe, tsɔ tsi tre ɖi na Tetragrammaton lae. Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe siae va zu gɔmeɖeɖe adodoea na ame miliɔn geɖe. World Book Encyclopedia gblɔ be: “Le King James Gɔmeɖeɖea tata ƒe 200 kple edzivɔ sɔŋ megbe la, Eŋlisigbe me Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe vevi bubu aɖeke megado o. Le ƒe siawo katã me la, King James Version la koe nye Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe si wozã le Eŋlisigbedola akpa gãtɔ dome.”

Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe siwo wota le ƒe alafa siwo va yi me, siwo me woɖe Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ le alo tsyɔ nu eƒe vevienyenye dzi la dometɔ etɔ̃ koe nye esiwo ŋu míeƒo nu le. Mewɔ nuku o be amesiwo gblɔna egbea be Kristotɔwoe yewonye la dometɔ akpa gãtɔ hena ɖe megbe le Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ zazã ŋu alo womenyae kura o. Ele eme be le ƒeawo me la, Biblia gɔmeɖela aɖewo de Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ woƒe gɔmeɖeɖewo me ya. Gake nyitsɔ laae wota gɔmeɖeɖe siawo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ, eye womekpɔ ŋusẽ boo aɖeke ɖe ame geɖe ƒe nɔnɔme ɖe Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ ŋu dzi o.

Nuwɔna aɖe si Tsi Tre Ðe Mawu ƒe Lɔlɔ̃nu Ŋu

Ame geɖe ƒe kpododo Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ zazã metso Biblia ƒe nufiafia gbɔ o, ke boŋ amegbetɔwo ƒe kɔnyinyi koŋ gbɔe wòtso. Yudatɔ numekula Tracey R. Rich, amesi tɔe nye Internet dzi nyatakakaxɔƒe si nye Judaism 101 la gblɔ be: “Nya aɖeke mele Torah la me si xe mɔ ɖe Mawu ƒe Ŋkɔ yɔyɔ nu o. Le nyateƒe me eɖe dzesi le ŋɔŋlɔa me be Mawu ƒe Ŋkɔ yɔyɔ nye nu wowɔna faa.” Ẽ, le Biblia ɣeyiɣiwo me la, Mawu-subɔlawo zã eƒe ŋkɔ.

Edze ƒã be Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ nyanya kple ezazã naa míaƒe subɔsubɔ yia subɔsubɔmɔnu si dzi wòda asi ɖo, abe alesi wosubɔnɛ le Biblia ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo me, la ɖi ge. Esia ate ŋu anye afɔ gbãtɔ si míaɖe hena ƒomedodo me nɔnɔ kplii la ɖoɖo anyi, si nyo sasasã wu eƒe ŋkɔ nyanya dzaa ko. Le nyateƒe me la, Yehowa Mawu le mía kpem be míava nɔ ƒomedodo sia tɔgbe me kpli ye. Eƒe gbɔgbɔ na woŋlɔ amekpekpe sia be: “Mite ɖe Mawu ŋu, eye wòate ɖe mia ŋu.” (Yakobo 4:8) Gake ɖewohĩ àbia be, ‘Aleke amegbetɔ maɖinu ate ŋu anɔ ƒomedodo ma tɔgbe me kple Mawu Ŋusẽkatãtɔ lae?’ Nyati si kplɔe ɖo ɖe alesi nàte ŋu atu ƒomedodo kple Yehowa ɖo me.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Aɖaka si le axa 6]

Halleluyah

Nukae vaa susu me na wò ne èse nya “Halleluyah”? Ðewohĩ ena nèɖo ŋku Handel ƒe “Messiah,” si nye ha vivi aɖe si wòkpa le ƒe 1700-awo me, si me Halleluyah haxe wɔdɔɖeamedzi le la dzi. Alo wò susu ayi Amerikatɔwo ƒe duha xɔŋkɔ “The Battle Hymn of the Republic,” (Dukɔa ƒe Aʋaha) si wogayɔna be “Glory, Hallelujah” (Ŋutikɔkɔe, Halleluyah) dzi. Ðikekemanɔmee la, èse nya “Halleluyah” kpɔ. Ðewohĩ èzãnɛ ɣeaɖewoɣi gɔ̃ hã. Gake èse egɔmea?

Halleluyah​—Enye alesi woɖe Hebrigbe me nyagbɔgblɔ ha·lelu-Yahʹ, si gɔmee nye “kafu Yah,” alo “mikafu Yah,” ɖe Eŋlisigbe mee.

Yah​—Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ Yehowa ŋɔŋlɔ ɖe hakpanya me ƒe mɔnu kpuitɔ. Edze le Biblia me wu zi 50, zi geɖe la, enyea nyagbɔgblɔ “Halleluyah” ƒe akpa aɖe.

[Aɖaka si le axa 7]

Mawu ƒe Ŋkɔ Dze le Wò Ŋkɔ Mea?

Ame geɖe kpɔtɔ tsɔa Biblia me ŋkɔ geɖewo egbea. Le ŋkɔ siawo dometɔ aɖewo gome la, Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ dze le Hebrigbe me gɔmesese si nɔ wo ŋu gbã la me. Ŋkɔ siawo kple woƒe gɔmesese ƒe kpɔɖeŋu ʋɛ aɖewoe nye esiwo gbɔna. Ðewohĩ wò ŋkɔ le wo dome.

Yohana​—“Yehowa ƒe Dɔme Nyo”

Yoel​—“Yehowa Nye Mawu”

Yohanes​—“Yehowa Kpɔ Nublanui na Mí”

Yonatan​—“Yehowae Nae Mí”

Yosef​—“Yah Neyram”b

Yosua​—“Yehowa Nye Xɔname”

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Aɖaka si le axa 8]

Dzesideŋkɔ Siwo Wozã na Mawu le Biblia Me

Ŋɔŋlɔ Kɔkɔea ƒe Hebri-ŋɔŋlɔ me kpukpuiwo zã dzesideŋkɔ geɖe na Mawu, siwo ƒe ɖewoe nye Ŋusẽkatãtɔ, Wɔla, Fofo, kple Aƒetɔ. Ke hã, kpukpui siwo me wozã eƒe ŋkɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ le sɔ gbɔ sasasã wu dzesideŋkɔ siwo katã wozã nɛ ƒe ƒuƒoƒo. Edze ƒã be enye Mawu ƒe lɔlɔ̃nu be míazã yeƒe ŋkɔ. De ŋugble le ŋkɔ siwo wozã le Hebri Ŋɔŋlɔawo me ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ siawo ŋu kpɔ.c

Yehowa—zi 6,973

Mawu—zi 2,605

Ŋusẽkatãtɔ—zi 48

Aƒetɔ—zi 40

Wɔla—zi 25

Nuwowɔla—zi 7

Fofo—zi 7

Amesi Li tso Blema Ʋĩ—zi 3

Nufiala Gãtɔ—zi 2

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Aɖaka si le axa 9]

Mawu si Naa Nuwo Vaa Eme

Agbalẽnyalawo katã melɔ̃ ɖe Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ, Yehowa, ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe ɖeka dzi o. Le numekuku geɖe wɔwɔ tso ŋkɔa ŋu megbe la, wo dometɔ geɖe va xɔe se be ŋkɔa nye Hebrigbe me dɔwɔnya ha·wahʹ (va eme), si fia be “Enaa Wòvaa Eme.”

Eyata woɖe nuŋlɔɖi si le Mose II, 3:14, afisi Mose bia Mawu ƒe ŋkɔ le, gɔme le New World Translation of the Holy Scripturesd me be: “Mawu ɖo eŋu na Mose be: ‘Mava nye amesi mava nye.’ Eye wògblɔ kpee be: ‘Nya si nàgblɔ na Israel-viwoe nye be, “Amesi mava nye ye dɔm ɖe mia gbɔ.”’”

Gɔmeɖeɖe sia sɔ elabena Mawu te ŋu va nyea amesi wòdi be yeanye. Naneke mate ŋu axe mɔ nɛ be mawɔ wɔƒe aɖe si hiã be wòawɔ be eƒe tameɖoɖo nava eme la o. Eƒe tameɖoɖo kple ŋugbedodowo katã vaa eme ɣesiaɣi. Ðikekemanɔmee la, Mawu ɖee fia be eyae nye Wɔla la, amesi ƒe ŋutete seɖoƒe meli na o, si te ŋu naa nuwo vaa eme. Eyae wɔ xexeme si míekpɔna la. Ewɔ gbɔgbɔmenuwɔwɔ akpe teƒe akpe geɖe hã. Nyateƒee, enye Mawu si naa nuwo vaa eme!

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 5]

Kpetata aɖe si dzi woɖe alesi wowu Hananiah ben Teradion fia le

[Nɔnɔmetata siwo le axa 8,9]

Teƒe Siwo Woŋlɔ Mawu ƒe Ŋkɔ Ðo Gaglãa

1. Sɔlemexɔ aɖe si le Lomborg, Denmark ŋu, ƒe alafa 17 lia

2. Bern ƒe gbedoxɔ gã ŋu ahuhɔ̃e fesre si wode amae, Switzerland

3. Ƒukukua ƒe Agbalẽxatsaxatsa, si nye Hebrigbe gbãtɔ ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ, Israel, ƒe 30-50 M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo

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Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem

4. Swedentɔwo ƒe gaku, ƒe 1600

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Kungl. Myntkabinettet, Sveriges Ekonomiska Museum

5. Germanytɔwo ƒe gbedodoɖagbalẽ, ƒe 1770

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From the book Die Lust der Heiligen an Jehova. Oder: Gebaet-Buch, 1770

6. Kpe dzi nuŋɔŋlɔ, Bavaria, Germany

7. Moabitɔwo ƒe Kpe, Paris, France, ƒe 830 D.M.Ŋ.

[Afi Si Míexɔ Mɔɖeɖe Tso]

Musée du Louvre, Paris

8. Sɔlemexɔ aɖe dzi nuŋɔŋlɔ, Olten, Switzerland