Adesa Gbɛjianɔtoo Kɛha Majimaji Ateŋ Shweshweeshwe Shihilɛ

“Kɛji enɛɛmɛi fɛɛ eho sɛɛ lɛ, wɔmiisumɔ ni wɔfee tsalɔi. Wɔmiisumɔ ni wɔfee bɔ ni wɔɔnyɛ koni wɔkɛha nɔ ni manyɛ mikɛ gbɛkpamɔ kpakpa atsɛ lɛ jeŋ gbɛjianɔtoo hee lɛ aba.”​—U.S. maŋ onukpa George Bush, January 1991, beni aje ta ni akɛ lraq wuu lɛ shishi lɛ sɛɛ etsɛɛɛ.

“Bɔ ni Maŋ Onukpa Bush susuɔ yɛ Jeŋ Gbɛjianɔtoo Hee he lɛ maa bɔ ni ehe hiaa ni mla aye nɔ kɛ bɔ ni aheɔ ayeɔ akɛ esa akɛ jeŋmaji lɛ fɛɛ afee ekome yɛ heyeli kɛ jalɛsaneyeli he gbɛnaa nii ahe nitsumɔ mli lɛ nɔ mi. Akɛni Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ lɛ eba naagbee hewɔ lɛ, yinɔ hee ko miije shishi agbɛnɛ.”​—U.S. maŋ najiaŋdamɔlɔ yɛ Australia, August 1991.

“Gbɛkɛ nɛɛ, yɛ be mli ni minaa ni maŋbii anɔyeli he nitsumɔ miiya nɔ yɛ je lɛŋ he fɛɛ he lɛ, ekolɛ​—ekolɛ wɔbɛŋkɛ nakai jeŋ hee lɛ he kpaakpa fe bei fɛɛ ni eho.”​—U.S. maŋ onukpa George Bush, September 1991.

JEŊ nɔyelɔi pii hu kɛ gbɛkpamɔ kpakpa miiwie wɔsɛɛ be he, taakɛ Maŋ Onukpa Bush wie he lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Shi ani yiŋtoo kpakpa yɛ ni aaadamɔ nɔ yɛ nibii kpakpai agbɛkpamɔ nɛɛ he? Ani nibii ni eba kɛjɛ Jeŋ Ta II sɛɛ lɛ haa nɔdaamɔ nɔ ko kɛha gbɛkpamɔ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ? Ani osusuɔ akɛ maŋkwralɔi baanyɛ amɛkɛ majimaji ateŋ shweshweeshwe shihilɛ aba?

Adesa Gbɛjianɔtoo Kpele Lɛ

Televishin nɔ sane ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Goodbye War lɛ gbala mli faŋŋ akɛ, “Jeŋ ta ni ji enyɔ lɛ mli naagbee afii enyɔ lɛ mli lɛ, agbeɔ gbɔmɛi ni fa fe akpei akpe kome yɛ daa nyɔŋ nɔ.” Jeŋmaji lɛ nu he waa yɛ nakai beaŋ akɛ gbɛjianɔtoo ko ni baanyɛ atsi ta ni tamɔ nakai naa ni eko akaba dɔŋŋ he miihia waa diɛŋtsɛ. Beni ta lɛ yaa nɔ lolo lɛ, majimaji 50 anajiaŋdamɔlɔi kɛ gbɛjianɔtoo ni hi fe fɛɛ ba kɛha majimaji ateŋ shweshweeshwe feemɔ fe eko fɛɛ eko ni adesai eto he gbɛjianɔ da: Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ he Gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ. Gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ hiɛkpamɔ wiemɔ lɛ tsɔɔ bɔ ni amɛtswa amɛfai shi akɛ “amɛbaabaa yinɔi ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ ayi kɛjɛ ta mli amanehului amli.” Esa akɛ maji ni akpaa gbɛ akɛ amɛbaafee Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ mli bii lɛ “afee [amɛ] hewalɛ fɛɛ ekome koni akɛhiɛ majimaji ateŋ toiŋjɔlɛ kɛ shweshweeshwe shihilɛ mli.”

Gbii 41 sɛɛ lɛ, kɔɔyɔɔŋ lɛlɛ ko yaŋmɛɛ atɔm okpɛlɛm ko he efɔ Hiroshima, yɛ Japan. Efɛ yɛ maŋtiase lɛ teŋ tuuŋtu, ni egbe gbɔmɛi ni fa fe 70,000. Nakai okpɛlɛm lɛ fɛmɔ, kɛ nɔ ni nyiɛ sɛɛ enɔ gbii etɛ, ni atswa yɛ Nagasaki lɛ kɛ ta ni akɛ Japan wuɔ lɛ ba naagbee kwraa kɛmɔ shi. Akɛni Japan hefatalɔ Germany eŋmɛɛ ta lɛ he yɛ May 7, 1945 hewɔ lɛ, atsɔ nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ akɛ Jeŋ Ta II ba naagbee. Shi, ani tai fɛɛ anaagbee ji no?

Dabi. Kɛjɛ Jeŋ Ta Il sɛɛ kɛbaa nɛɛ, adesai ena tai bibii fe 150 ni atsɔ mli akpata gbɔmɛi fe akpekpei 19 awala hiɛ. Eyɛ faŋŋ akɛ, Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ gbɛjianɔtoo ni hi fe fɛɛ lɛ kɛ majimaji ateŋ shweshweeshwe shihilɛ bako lolo. Mɛni tɔ̃tɔ̃?

Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ Lɛ

Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ he gbɛjianɔtolɔi lɛ tsɔɔɔ hiɛ amɛsusuuu akaŋshii ni je shishi oya yɛ tsutsu Jeŋ Ta II mli hefatalɔi ateŋ lɛ he. Maji pii kɛ amɛhe kpɛtɛ fa kome he kɛte shi wo fa kroko lɛ yɛ hewalɛ he mpleshii, ni abatsɛ lɛ yɛ sɛɛ mli akɛ Ta Ŋanii loo Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ nɛɛ mli, ni yɛ gbɛ ko nɔ lɛ, eji mpleshii ni ka Komunistbii kɛ maji ni bɔɔ jwetri amɛhaa amɛhe lɛ ateŋ. Ní amɛaafee amɛhewalɛi ekome ni akɛtsi ta naa moŋ lɛ, jeŋmaji akui enyɔ nɛɛ yafi maji ni teɔ shi woɔ amɛhenyɛlɔi lɛ asɛɛ yɛ kpokpai anɔ béi amli ni amɛtsɔ nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ amɛkɛ amɛhe wuu yɛ Asia, Afrika, kɛ Amerika wuoyigbɛ maji lɛ amli.

Yɛ 1960 afii lɛ anaagbee gbɛ lɛ, Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ lɛ bɔi shibaa. Shibaa lɛ tee hiɛ fe fɛɛ yɛ 1975 mli beni Maji 35 kɛ amɛniji wo nɔ ni afɔɔ lɛ tsɛmɔ akɛ Helsinki Gbeekpamɔ lɛ shishi lɛ. Maji ni fata he yɛ enɛ he nitsumɔ mli hu ji Soviet Union kɛ United States, Amerika, kɛ Europa maji ni fiɔ nɛkɛ maji enyɔ nɛɛ asɛɛ lɛ hu. Amɛteŋ mɔ fɛɛ mɔ wo shi akɛ amɛbaatsu nii kɛha “toiŋjɔlɛ kɛ shweshweeshwe shihilɛ” ni “amɛbaatsi amɛhe . . . kɛjɛ hegbeyeiwoo kɛ nɔnyɛɛ ni akɛaatsu nii ashi Maŋ ko yɛ eshikpɔŋkuku nɔyeli hegbɛ aloo maŋkwramɔŋ heyeli mli, aloo nɔ ni kɛ Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ yiŋtoi kpaaa gbee yɛ gbɛ ko nɔ lɛ he kwraa.”

Shi nɛkɛ jwɛŋmɔi nɛɛ wooo yibii ko. Beni shɛɔ 1980 afii lɛ shishijee mli lɛ, mpleshii ni ka jeŋ hewalɛi enyɔ lɛ ateŋ lɛ mli bawa waa ekoŋŋ. Nibii tee nɔ efite aahu akɛ yɛ 1982 mli lɛ, Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ hiɛnyiɛlɔ ni ahala lɛ ehee, Dr. Javier Pérez de Guéllar kpɛlɛ nɔ akɛ egbɛjianɔtoo lɛ nine enyɛ shi kwraa, ni ebɔ “majimaji ateŋ basabasa shihilɛ hee” ko he kɔkɔ.

Ni kɛlɛ, ŋmɛnɛ, Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ hiɛnyiɛlɔ lɛ kɛ hiɛnyiɛlɔi krokomɛi miikpa nibii kpakpai agbɛ. Adafitswaa mli saji wieɔ “Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ be ni eho lɛ” he. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ nɛkɛ tsakemɔ nɛɛ tsɔ eba?

“Hewalɛ Hepelemɔ Be ni Eho Lɛ”

Oti ko ni sa kadimɔ ji Shweshweeshwe Shihilɛ kɛ Ekomefeemɔ yɛ Europa he Ajinatoo kpee ko ni majimaji 35 fee lɛ. Yɛ September 1986 mli lɛ, amɛkɛ amɛnine wo nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ akɛ Stockholm Wolo lɛ shishi, ni amɛsaa amɛkama bɔ ni amɛkpɛlɛɔ 1975 Helsinki Gbeekpamɔ lɛ nɔ lɛ nɔ mi.a Mlai babaoo yɛ Stockholm Wolo lɛ mli ni baakwɛ asraafoi anitsumɔ nɔkwɛmɔ he nitsumɔ nɔ. SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research lnstitute) lɛ bɔ amaniɛ yɛ ewolo, Yearbook 1990 lɛ mli akɛ: “Nibii ni eba yɛ afii etɛ ni eho lɛ mli lɛ woɔ mɔ hewalɛ waa, ni he ni anyɛ atsu he nii kɛyashɛ lɛ ebɔi gbɛnaa nii ni sa akɛ atsu he nii ni aŋmala yɛ Stockholm Wolo lɛ mli lɛ po tekemɔ.”

Kɛkɛ ni, yɛ 1987 mli lɛ, jeŋ hewalɛi enyɔ lɛ ba gbeekpamɔ ko ni sa kadimɔ waa ni miibi ni amɛkpata amɛ okpɛlɛmii ni ajɛɔ shikpɔŋ atswaa kɛyaa hei ni jɛkɛmɔ shɛɔ kɛjɛ kilomitai 500 kɛmiishɛ kilomitai 5,500 lɛ fɛɛ hiɛ. SIPRI kɛɔ akɛɛ “Okpɛlɛmii kɛ nibii ni akɛtswaa lɛ ahiɛkpatamɔ lɛ miiya nɔ tamɔ bɔ ni ato he gbɛjianɔ lɛ, ni kui enyɔ lɛ ateŋ mɔ fɛɛ mɔ miiye nibii ni gbeekpamɔi lɛ biɔ ni atsu he nii lɛ nɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ.”

Ato gbɛjianɔi krokomɛi hu koni akɛtsi nuklea ta he oshara lɛ naa. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ, yɛ 1988 mli lɛ, jeŋ hewalɛi enyɔ lɛ kɛ amɛnine wo gbeekpamɔ ko shishi yɛ “majimaji ateŋ okpɛlɛmii ni atswiaa kɛ okpɛlɛmii ni atswiaa kɛjɛɔ ŋshɔ shishi tawuu lɛji anɔ” lɛ ahe. Dani aaatswa nɛkɛ tawuu nibii nɛɛ eko lɛ, esa akɛ fã bii ni baatswa lɛ atswa mɛi krokomɛi lɛ adafi “kɛ hoo kwraa lɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai nyɔŋmai enyɔ kɛ ejwɛ kɛtsɔ gbi ni amɛto ni amɛbaatswa lɛ hiɛ, ni amɛtsɔɔ he ni amɛbaatswa yɛ, kɛ he ni ehewalɛ baashɛ.” Taakɛ bɔ ni SIPRI tsɔɔ lɛ, gbeekpamɔi ni tamɔ nɛkɛ lɛ “nyɛɔ ejieɔ naagbai ni baa yɛ hei bibii ni kulɛ emli baanyɛ alɛɛ kɛyabote jeŋ muu fɛɛ nuklea ta mli lɛ saŋŋ kɛyaa.”

Yɛ nɛkɛ be nɛɛ mli lɛ, gbɛjianɔ ni atoɔ ni akɛha majimaji ateŋ shweshweeshwe shihilɛ aya hiɛ lɛ miiya nɔ waa. Yɛ May 1990 mli, beni jeŋ hewalɛi enyɔ lɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔi kpe yɛ Washington, D.C. lɛ, nakai beaŋ Soviet maŋ onukpa Mikhail Gorbachev wo ŋaa ko akɛ esa akɛ Europa maji ni yɔɔ kui enyɔ lɛ amli lɛ kɛ amɛnine awo toiŋjɔlɛ he kpaŋmɔ ko shishi. Yɛ July mli lɛ, Anaigbɛ maji 16 ni feɔ NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) kuu lɛ kpe yɛ London. Bɔ ni amɛfee yɛ Mikhail Gorbachev ŋaawoo lɛ he ji akɛ esa akɛ kui enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ kɛ amɛnine awo “sane jajemɔ ni wɔ fɛɛ wɔkɛ bulɛ kɛ hiɛdɔɔ miikpɛlɛ nɔ yɛ mli akɛ wɔjeee henyɛlɔi dɔŋŋ, ni wɔmiima wɔyiŋtoo nɔ mi akɛ wɔɔtsi wɔhe kɛjɛ hegbeyeiwoo kɛ nɔnyɛɛ kɛ nitsumɔ he” lɛ shishi. Afrika adafitswaa wolo ko mli niŋmaa ni akala yɛ ehiɛ gbɛ lɛ wie enɛ he akɛ “Hiɛyaa Kpele ko Kɛmiibɛŋkɛ Jeŋ Toiŋjɔlɛ He.”

Kɛkɛ ni, gbi gbɛkɛ ni enɔ jetsɛremɔ lɛ, jeŋ hewalɛi enyɔ lɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ baakpe yɛ Helsinki, yɛ Finland lɛ, U.S. Amerika nɔyeli lɛ naawielɔ ko kɛɛ akɛ “ta ni baanyɛ afɛ be fɛɛ be [yɛ Boka Teŋgbɛ] lɛ kɛ kuu gbɛjianɔtoo hee ko kɛha jeŋ toiŋjɔlɛ namɔ miihe aba.” Toiŋjɔlɛ he gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ sɛɛ gbala shi fioo beni Irag yatutua Kuwait, ni ebafee tamɔ nɔ ni Boka Teŋgbɛ eyaje shihilɛ ni baanyɛ aha ta agbɛ ashwa jɛmɛ niiaŋ fɛɛ lɛ mli lɛ. Shi kɛtsɔ Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ lɛ hewalɛ nɔ lɛ, majimaji ateŋ asraafoi akuu ko ni United States, Amerika nyiɛ amɛhiɛ yashwie asraafoi ni yatutua maŋ lɛ ni amɛha amɛku amɛsɛɛ kɛtee amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛmaŋ. Majimaji ateŋ ekomefeemɔ yɛ yiŋtoo mli ni ajie lɛ kpo yɛ nakai ta lɛ mli lɛ wo mɛi komɛi ahewalɛ ni amɛhe amɛye akɛ ekomefeemɔ he yinɔ hee ko eje shishi.

Kɛjɛ nakai beaŋ kɛbaa nɛɛ, je lɛŋ nibii etee nɔ babaoo lolo. Titri lɛ, bɔ ni ato nibii ahe gbɛjianɔ yɛ Soviet Union lɛ diɛŋtsɛ tsake kwraa. Aŋmɛ gbɛ ni Baltic Maji lɛ jaje akɛ amɛna amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛheyeli, ni kwasafo maji bibii ni yɔɔ Soviet Union mli lɛ hu nyiɛ amɛnɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ sɛɛ. Majianɔbii sɔrɔtoi lɛ ateŋ basabasa-feemɔ tetee shi yɛ shikpɔji ni etamɔ nɔ ni amɛfee ekome yɛ amɛshihilɛ mli yɛ Komunistbii anɔkwɛmɔ shishi lɛ ateŋ. Beni 1991 afi lɛ baa naagbee lɛ, no mli lɛ Soviet Union bɛ dɔŋŋ yɛ mla naa.

Nɛkɛ tsakemɔi kpelei ni eba yɛ je lɛŋ maŋkwramɔ gbɛfaŋ lɛ egbele hegbɛ shinaa ko naa eha Jeŋmaji Ekomefeemɔ gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ. The New York Times lɛ wie yɛ enɛ he akɛ: “Bɔ ni agbɔjɔ jeŋ muu fɛɛ mpleshii lɛ mli aha kɛ ekomefeemɔ mumɔ hee ni yɔɔ United States, Amerika kɛ Soviet Union teŋ lɛ baanyɛ afee majimaji ateŋ hegbɛ hee ni yɔɔ hewalɛ babaoo kɛha jeŋ gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ.”

Ani agbɛnɛ be eshɛ ni nakai gbɛjianɔtoo ni eye afii 47 lɛ kɛbaatsɔɔ nɔ ni ebaanyɛ efee? Ani wɔmiibote nɔ ni United States, Amerika tsɛ lɛ akɛ “afii oha hee, kɛ afii akpe hee, kɛha toiŋjɔlɛ, heyeli kɛ shweremɔ” lɛ mli lɛlɛŋ?

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]