Jamɔ Mli Keketeefeemɔ—Mɛni Eji?

NƐGBƐ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ je shishi yɛ? Yɛ afii oha ni ho lɛ naagbee lɛ, no mli lɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ he nilelɔi ni kpɛlɛɔ susumɔi heei anɔ lɛ miitsake amɛ hemɔkɛyelii bɔni afee ni amɛnyɛ amɛkpɛlɛ shitee-kɛ-woo wiemɔi ni mli wawai ni awieɔ ashiɔ Biblia lɛ, kɛ jeŋ nilee mli susumɔi ni akaa yiŋ atsɔɔ, tamɔ sutsakemɔ lɛ anɔ. Nɔ ni jɛ mli ba ji akɛ, enɛ hoso hekɛnɔfɔɔ ni ayɔɔ yɛ Biblia lɛ mli lɛ. Jamɔ mli hiɛnyiɛlɔi ni yɔɔ United States, ni amɛsumɔɔɔ tsakemɔi lɛ, fee enɛ he nɔ ko kɛtsɔ nɔ ni amɛtsɛ lɛ akɛ hemɔkɛyeli shishijee nibii ni amɛto he gbɛjianɔ lɛ nɔ.a Yɛ afii ohai 20 lɛ shishijee gbɛ lɛ, amɛŋmala nɛkɛ shishijee nibii nɛɛ ahe saji amɛwo wolo ni hiɛ kpoi ni tsara nɔ babaoo mli, ni egbɛi ji The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth. Nɛkɛ gbɛi nɛɛ mli aná Ŋleshi Blɔfo wiemɔ “fundamentalism” lɛ kɛjɛ.

Yɛ afii ohai 20 lɛ klɛŋklɛŋ fã lɛ mli lɛ, jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ batsɔ sane ni afɔɔ he wiemɔ babaoo yɛ be kɛ bei amli. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ, yɛ 1925 mli lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi yasãmã skul tsɔɔlɔ ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ John Scopes ni jɛ Tennessee, yɛ U.S.A., yɛ kojomɔ he, yɛ sane ni abatsɛ lɛ akɛ Scopes kojomɔ lɛ mli. Mɛɛ efɔŋ efee? No mli lɛ eetsɔɔ sutsakemɔ tsɔɔmɔ lɛ, ni enɛ teɔ shi ewoɔ maŋ lɛ mla. Nakai beaŋ lɛ, mɛi komɛi he ye akɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ nɛɛ sɛɛ etsɛŋ tsɔ̃. Yɛ 1926 mli lɛ, Christian Century, ni ji Protestant wolo tɛtrɛɛ ko lɛ, wie akɛ “sɛɛnamɔ ko bɛ he, ni ejɛ adesa susumɔ mli” ni “anaaa sui ni ji hiɛyaa mli nibii ni anyɛɔ afeɔ loo ehiɔ shi be kakadaŋŋ lɛ eko kwraa yɛ mli.” Kwɛ bɔ ni nakai sane naatsɔɔmɔ lɛ ejaaa kwraa!

Kɛjɛ 1970 afii lɛ amli kɛbaa nɛɛ, jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ he saji eje kpo yɛ adafitswai amli be fɛɛ be. Univɛsiti tsɔɔlɔ Miroslav Volf, ni yɔɔ Fuller Osɔfoi Anikasemɔ He, yɛ California, U.S.A. lɛ, wie akɛ: “Jeee akɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ ehi shi kɛkɛ, shi moŋ eshwere hu.” Ŋmɛnɛ, Blɔfo wiemɔ “fundamentalism” lɛ kɔɔɔ Protestant kui pɛ he, shi moŋ ekɔɔ kui ni yɔɔ jamɔi krokomɛi, tamɔ Katolik jamɔ, Islam, Yuda jamɔ, kɛ Hindu jamɔ mli lɛ ahe.

Nifeemɔ ni Akɛteɔ Shi Awoɔ Wɔ Bei Nɛɛ

Mɛni hewɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ gbɛɔ eshwãa lɛ? Mɛi ni kaseɔ ehe saji lɛ kɛɔ akɛ, kɛ hoo lɛ, enɛ jɛ jeŋba kɛ jamɔ mli yiŋkɔshikɔshi feemɔ ni yɔɔ wɔ bei nɛɛ amli lɛ hewɔ. Yɛ afii ni tsɔ hiɛ lɛ amli lɛ, adesai ashihilɛ mli kui lɛ amli babaoo hi shi yɛ jeŋba ni ale jogbaŋŋ, ni damɔ blema hemɔkɛyelii anɔ lɛ anaa. Amrɔ nɛɛ awieɔ ashiɔ nakai hemɔkɛyelii lɛ loo akpooɔ. Woloŋlelɔi pii wieɔ kɛ nɔmimaa akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ko bɛ, ni ákɛ gbɔmɔ kome kɛkɛ yɔɔ jeŋ muu fɛɛ ni yɔɔ kɛkɛ nɛɛ mli. Jeŋ nilelɔi babaoo tsɔɔ akɛ adesa jɛ sutsakemɔ ni ba yɛ heniianaa mli, shi jeee kɛtsɔ Bɔlɔ ko ni yɔɔ suɔmɔ lɛ nifeemɔi anɔ. Susumɔ ni ŋmɛɔ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ gbɛ egbɛ eshwã. Jeŋbai kpakpai ni elaaje kwraa yɛ adesa shihilɛ mli kui sɔrɔtoi fɛɛ amli lɛ ebatsɔ haomɔ ni kã je lɛ nɔ.—2 Timoteo 3:4, 5, 13.

Jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi shweɔ ni akɛ blema shihilɛi ni ale jogbaŋŋ lɛ aba ekoŋŋ, ni amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi bɔɔ mɔdɛŋ ni amɛkɛ amɛ akutsei kɛ maji lɛ aku sɛɛ kɛya nɔ ni amɛnuɔ he akɛ nomɛi ji jeŋbai kɛ tsɔɔmɔi ashishitooi ni sa lɛ ahe ekoŋŋ. Amɛfeɔ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni yɔɔ amɛ hewalɛ mli koni amɛkɛnyɛ mɛi krokomɛi anɔ ni amɛhi shi yɛ jeŋba he mla kɛ tsɔɔmɔi ahe hemɔkɛyelii ni “ja” lɛ anaa. Jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔ heɔ eyeɔ waa akɛ bɔ ni lɛ esusuɔ lɛ ja, ni mɛi krokomɛi anɔ ejaaa. Univɛsiti tsɔɔlɔ James Barr, wie yɛ ewolo ni gbɛi ji Fundamentalism lɛ mli akɛ, jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ “ji wiemɔ ko ni bei pii lɛ asusuɔ akɛ etsɔɔ nyɛɛ kɛ ahorabɔɔ, ni tsɔɔ nii ahe ni asusuuu kɛyaaa shɔŋŋ, yiŋ ni asumɔɔɔ ni atsakeɔ, shi ni ateɔ awoɔ nilee gbɛɛ-kɛ-shwãmɔ kɛ mɛi krokomɛi ajwɛŋmɔ ni akpɛlɛɛɛ nɔ.”

Akɛni mɔ ko sumɔŋ ni atsɛ lɛ akɛ mɔ ni susuuu nii ahe kɛyaaa shɔŋŋ, mɔ ni sumɔɔɔ ni etsakeɔ eyiŋ, loo mɔ ni ekpɛlɛɛɛ mɛi krokomɛi ajwɛŋmɔ nɔ hewɔ lɛ, jeee mɔ fɛɛ mɔ kpɛlɛɔ mɔ ni ji jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔ, kɛ mɔ ni jeee nakai lɛ nɔ. Shi kɛlɛ, sui pɔtɛɛ komɛi yɛ ni akɛkadiɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ.

Jamɔ Mli Keketeefeelɔ Yɔsemɔ

Bei pii lɛ, jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ ji mɔdɛŋ ni abɔɔ akɛ aaabaa nɔ ni aheɔ ayeɔ akɛ no ji hiŋmɛigbelemɔ kuu ko shishijee blemasaji loo jamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii ayi, ni akɛte shi awo nɔ ni abuɔ lɛ akɛ jeŋbii amumɔ ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ lɛ. No etsɔɔɔ akɛ belɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi teɔ shi amɛwoɔ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni ji ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ nɔ ko. Mɛi komɛi kɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ akɛ mɛi yeɔ sharamɔ lɛ tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ ni amɛkɛgbɛɔ amɛsusumɔi amɛshwãa. Shi amɛteɔ shi amɛwoɔ adesai ashihilɛ ni ajieɔ jamɔ kɛjɛɔ mli kwraa lɛ.b

Jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi komɛi etswa amɛfai shi akɛ jeee akɛ amɛbaabaa blema tsɔɔmɔi ahe gbɛjianɔtoo loo shihilɛ gbɛ ko yi amɛha amɛhe kɛkɛ, shi moŋ amɛkɛbaafɔ̃ mɛi krokomɛi anɔ, ni amɛtsake shihilɛ mli gbɛjianɔtoi koni amɛkɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi lɛ ahemɔkɛyelii akpa gbee. No hewɔ lɛ, mɔ ni feɔ keketee yɛ Katolik jamɔ mli lɛ efeŋ mɔ ni kpooɔ hɔ jiemɔ pɛ kɛkɛ. Ekolɛ ebaabɔ mɔdɛŋ ni ekɔne emaŋ mlafeelɔi lɛ ayiŋ koni amɛwo mlai ni teɔ shi woɔ hɔ jiemɔ. Yɛ Poland lɛ, taakɛ La Repubblica adafitswaa wolo lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, bɔni afee ni eha akpɛlɛ mla ni teɔ shi ewoɔ hɔ jiemɔ lɛ nɔ lɛ, Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛ ehe wo “ ‘ta’ ko mli, ni ekɛ enyɛmɔ kɛ hewalɛ ni eyɔɔ yɛ mɛi anɔ lɛ fɛɛ tsu nii yɛ mli.” Yɛ nakai feemɔ mli lɛ, sɔlemɔ lɛ hiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ miifee amɛ nii tamɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Protestant Kristofoi a-Ekomefeemɔ Kuu ni yɔɔ United States lɛ hu wuuɔ “tai” ni tamɔ nakai nɔŋŋ.

Nɔ ni fe fɛɛ ni akɛyooɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi ji amɛ jamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii ni ehe shi waa lɛ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Protestant jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔ baafee mɔ ko ni kɛ nɔmimaa wieɔ akɛ esa akɛ anu Biblia lɛ mli saji ashishi ŋmiiŋmi, ni ekolɛ hemɔkɛyeli ni ayɔɔ akɛ abɔ shikpɔŋ lɛ yɛ gbii ekpaa diɛŋtsɛ mli lɛ fata he. Katolik jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔ yiŋ efeŋ lɛ kɔshikɔshi yɛ tɔ̃ ni paapa lɛ tɔ̃ɔɔ lɛ he.

Belɛ, shishinumɔ yɛ nɔ hewɔ ni afeɔ Blɔfo wiemɔ “fundamentalism” shishinumɔ he mfoniri yɛ jwɛŋmɔ mli akɛ jamɔ he sɛkɛyeli ni jwɛŋmɔ bɛ mli, kɛ nɔ hewɔ hu ni mɛi ni jeee jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi lɛ haoɔ waa kɛji amɛna akɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ miigbɛ kɛmiishwã lɛ. Akɛ aŋkroaŋkroi lɛ, ekolɛ wɔkɛ mɛi ni feɔ keketee yɛ jamɔ mli lɛ kpãŋ gbee, ni bɔ ni amɛkɛ amɛhe woɔ maŋkwramɔ saji amli, kɛ bei komɛi lɛ, amɛ awuiyeli nifeemɔi lɛ baahã wɔhe ajɔ̃ wɔhe. Lɛlɛŋ, ekolɛ jamɔ mli keketeefeelɔi ni yɔɔ jamɔ kome mli lɛ baashe mɛi ni yɔɔ jamɔ kroko mli lɛ anifeemɔi agbeyei! Shi kɛlɛ, gbɔmɛi ni susuɔ nii ahe waa lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii haoɔ yɛ nibii ni teeɔ jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ shi—jeŋba fitemɔ ni yaa nɔ waa, hemɔkɛyeli ni abɛ, kɛ mumɔŋ shihilɛ kpakpa ni akpoo yɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ shihilɛ mli lɛ he.

Ani jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ ji gbɛ pɛ ni abaatsɔ nɔ atsu nibii ni yaa nɔ nɛɛ ahe nii? Kɛ jeee nakai lɛ, mɛni ji gbɛ kroko ni yɔɔ?

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]

[Wiemɔ ni akɔ ni akɛmiitsu nii ni yɔɔ baafa 5]

Yɛ 1926 mli lɛ, Protestant wolo tɛtrɛɛ ko wie jamɔ mli keketeefeemɔ he akɛ “sɛɛnamɔ ko bɛ he, ni ejɛ adesa susumɔ mli” ni “anaaa sui ni ji hiɛyaa mli nibii ni anyɛɔ afeɔ loo ehiɔ shi be kakadaŋŋ lɛ eko kwraa yɛ mli”