Gbele Sɛɛ Shihilɛ—mɛni Gbɔmɛi Heɔ Amɛyeɔ?
“Kɛji gbɔmɔ gbo lɛ, ani ehiɛ aaakã ekoŋŋ?”—HIOB 14:14.
1, 2. Mɛɛ gbɛ mɛi pii tsɔɔ nɔ amɛtaoɔ miishɛjemɔ kɛ́ amɛlaaje amɛsuɔlɔ ko yɛ gbele mli?
NANEMƐI kɛ wekumɛi efee dioo kɛnyiɛ gbonyo adeka ni agbele naa lɛ he, yɛ yara ko ni afeɔ yɛ New York City lɛ shishi amɛmiikwɛ gbekɛ nuu fioo ni eye afii 17 ní kansa egbe lɛ lɛ. Enyɛ ni tsui ekumɔ kɛ awerɛho lɛ kɛ yaafonui tĩ mli shii abɔ akɛ: “Amrɔ nɛɛ Tommy ená miishɛɛ waa agbɛnɛ. Nyɔŋmɔ miitao ni Tommy abafata ehe yɛ ŋwɛi.” No ji nɔ ni átsɔɔ lɛ ní eheɔ eyeɔ.[1]
2 Aaafee kilomitai 11,000 jɛkɛmɔ, yɛ Jamnagar, yɛ India lɛ, bihii etɛ lɛ ateŋ onukpa lɛ kɛ la sɔɔ gbonyoshãa laike ni abua naa ashwie amɛtsɛ gbonyo lɛ nɔ kɛha eshãa lɛ naa. Sanskrit mantrai ni Brahman lɛ tĩɔ mli ekɛɔ waa, ni shishi ji: “Eba akɛ susuma ni gbooo kɔkɔɔkɔ lɛ aaaya nɔ yɛ mɔdɛŋ ni ebɔɔ ni ekɛ naagbee mɔ kwraa ni yɔɔ diɛŋtsɛ lɛ afee ekome lɛ mli” lɛ yeɔ la ni tsoɔ lɛ gbɛɛmɔ lɛ nɔ.[2]
3. Mɛɛ sanebimɔi ehao gbɔmɛi aahu afii babaoo?
3 Bɔ ni gbele ji nɔ ko ni yɔɔ diɛŋtsɛ lɛ ebɔle wɔ kɛkpe. (Romabii 5:12) Eji nɔ ko ní fɔɔ kaa akɛ wɔɔsusu he akɛ ani gbele foɔ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ sɛɛ lo. Beni esusuɔ tsei adebɔɔ naa shihilɛ ni bɔleɔ shi lɛ he lɛ, Hiob, ni ji Yehowa Nyɔŋmɔ tsulɔ anɔkwafo ko ni hi shi blema lɛ wie akɛ: “Tso tete, hiɛnɔkamɔ yɛ hã lɛ akɛ kɛji afo lɛ lɛ, eeehere ekoŋŋ, ni eniji fɔbii lɛ asɛɛ efoŋ.” Shi kɛlɛ, gbɔmɛi adesai hu? Hiob bi akɛ: “Kɛji gbɔmɔ gbo lɛ, ani ehiɛ aaakã ekoŋŋ?” (Hiob 14:7, 14) Afii abɔ ni eho lɛ amli fɛɛ lɛ, gbɔmɛi ni jɛ kui srɔtoi fɛɛ amli esusu sanebimɔi nɛɛ ahe, akɛ: Ani ahiɔ shi yɛ gbele sɛɛ? Kɛ́ nakai lɛ, mɛɛ shihilɛ nɛkɛ? No hewɔ lɛ, mɛni ahã gbɔmɛi ehe eye? Ni mɛni hewɔ?
Hetooi Babaoo, Saneyitso Koome lɛ Nɔŋŋ
4. Mɛni jamɔi srɔtoi lɛ amli bii heɔ amɛyeɔ yɛ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he?
4 Mɛi ni tsɛɔ amɛhe Kristofoi lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii heɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ kɛ́ gbɔmɛi gboi lɛ, amɛyaa ŋwɛi loo amɛyaa hɛl. Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, Hindubii heɔ balamɔ loo fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli amɛyeɔ. Taakɛ Islam hemɔkɛyeli ji lɛ, gbele sɛɛ kojomɔ gbi ko baaba, be mli ni Allah baakwɛ bɔ ni mɔ fɛɛ mɔ shihilɛ gbɛ ji, ni ebaaha mɔ fɛɛ mɔ aya paradeiso loo hɛl la mli.[3] Yɛ shikpɔji komɛi anɔ lɛ, hemɔkɛyelii ni kɔɔ gbohii ahe lɛ ji blema kusumii kɛ Kristojamɔ folo ní akɛfutu yɛ naakpɛɛ gbɛ nɔ. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, yɛ Sri Lanka nɛkɛ lɛ, kɛ́ mɔ ko gbo yɛ amɛshia mli lɛ, Buddhabii kɛ Katolikbii fɛɛ gbeleɔ shia lɛ naa shinaai kɛ samfɛji fɛɛ amɛfɔ̃ɔ shi ni aŋamɔɔɔ, ni akɛ gbonyo adeka lɛ mãa shi ni ahaa gbonyo lɛ najiashi gbɛ kwɛɔ agbó lɛ naa gbɛ. Amɛheɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ nifeemɔi nɛɛ haa efeɔ mlɛo kɛhaa mɔ ni egbo lɛ mumɔ, loo susuma, ákɛ eeeshi shia lɛ mli. Kusum ni Katolikbii kɛ Protestantbii ni yɔɔ Afrika Anaigbɛ lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii fɔɔ feemɔ ji akɛ, kɛ́ mɔ ko gbo lɛ, ahàa ashwishwɛi ahiɛ koni mɔ ko akakwɛ mli ní ena mɔ ni egbo lɛ sisa. No sɛɛ lɛ, gbii 40 sɛɛ lɛ, wekumɛi kɛ nanemɛi yeɔ susuma lɛ kwɔɔ kɛ ŋwɛi yaa he gbi jurɔ.[4]
5. Mɛɛ shishijee hemɔkɛyeli ko jamɔi pii kɛ amɛhe kpãa gbee yɛ he?
5 Yɛ srɔtofeemɔ nɛɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni kɛ hoo lɛ, jamɔi pii kɛ amɛhe kpãa gbee yɛ oti kome ko he. Amɛheɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ nɔ ko ni yɔɔ gbɔmɔ mli—kɛ́ susuma, mumɔ, loo sisa atsɛɔ lɛ jio lɛ—egbooo, ni ekãa he ehiɔ shi yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ gbele sɛɛ. Aaafee Kristendom jamɔi kɛ kui bibii ohai abɔ ni yɔɔ lɛ fɛɛ fiɔ susuma ni gbooo hemɔkɛyeli lɛ sɛɛ. Akpɛlɛɔ hemɔkɛyeli nɛɛ nɔ waa yɛ Yuda jamɔ hu mli. Eji Hindu tsɔɔmɔ ni ji balamɔ loo fɔmɔ ni afɔɔ mɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli lɛ shishitoo nɔ̃. Muslimbii heɔ yeɔ akɛ susuma lɛ hiɔ shi yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ gbele sɛɛ. Australia Shikwɛ̃ɛbii, Afrikanyo ni jáa tsei kɛ tɛi, Shintonyo, kɛ Buddhanyo po fɛɛ tsɔɔ nibii ni yɔɔ srɔtoi yɛ saneyitso kome nɛɛ nɔŋŋ he.[5]
6. Te woloŋlelɔi komɛi buɔ susumɔ ni ahiɛ akɛ susuma lɛ gbooo lɛ amɛhaa tɛŋŋ?
6 Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, mɛi komɛi hu yɛ ni heɔ yeɔ akɛ wala baa naagbee yɛ gbele mli. Yɛ amɛ gbɛfaŋ lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni nilee bɛ susumɔ ni ayɔɔ akɛ shihilɛ ní anuɔ nii ahe, ní asusuɔ nii ahe hu yɛ mli lɛ tsaa nɔ yɛ susuma ni ji okadi nɔ ko, ni jeee gbɔmɔ, ni etse ehe kɛjɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ he, ní ehiɔ shi diɛŋtsɛ lɛ mli kwraa. Afii ohai 20 lɛ mli Spainnyo niŋmalɔ kɛ woloŋlelɔ Miguel de Unamuno ŋma akɛ: “Ákɛ aaahe susuma ni gbooo lɛ aye lɛ tamɔ nɔ ni aashwe akɛ ekolɛ susuma lɛ gbooo, shi ashweɔ kɛ faishitswaa aahu akɛ nɛkɛ yiŋkpɔŋmɔɔ nɛɛ haa atswaa nilee afɔ̃ɔ afã ni atsɔɔ mɔ ni susuuu nii ahe.”[6] Mɛi krokomɛi hu ni yɔɔ hemɔkɛyeli ní tamɔ nɛkɛ lɛ ateŋ mɛi komɛi ji gbɔmɛi srɔtoi tamɔ blema jeŋ nilelɔi Aristotle kɛ Epicurus ní ale amɛ lɛ, tsofafeelɔ Hippocrates, Scotlandnyo jeŋ nilelɔ David Hume, kɛ Arabianyo woloŋlelɔ Averroës, kɛ Jawaharlal Nehru, ni ji India klɛŋklɛŋ maŋ sɔɔlɔ nukpa yɛ amɛheyeli namɔ sɛɛ lɛ.[7]
7. Mɛɛ sanebimɔi ni he hiaa ni kɔɔ susuma ni gbooo hemɔkɛyeli lɛ he esa akɛ wɔsusu he agbɛnɛ?
7 Yɛ nɛkɛ susumɔi kɛ hemɔkɛyelii srɔtoi ni kɛ amɛhe kpãaa gbee, ní jwere wɔhiɛ nɛɛ hewɔ lɛ, esa akɛ wɔbi akɛ: Ani wɔyɛ susuma ni gbooo lɛɛlɛŋ? Kɛji susuma lɛ jeee nɔ ni gbooo lɛɛlɛŋ lɛ, no lɛ te eba lɛ tɛŋŋ ni nɛkɛ apasa tsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ bafee jamɔi ni yɔɔ ŋmɛnɛ lɛ amli babaoo fã lɛ? Nɛgbɛ susumɔ lɛ je shishi yɛ? Ehe miihia ni wɔná anɔkwa hetooi ni haa mɔ tsui nyɔɔ emli wɔha sanebimɔi nɛɛ ejaakɛ wɔ wɔsɛɛ be damɔ nɔ. (1 Korintobii 15:19) Shi, klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ, ha wɔpɛi bɔ ni fee ni susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ je shishi lɛ mli wɔkwɛ.
Tsɔɔmɔ lɛ Shishijee
8. Mɛɛ gbɛfaŋnɔ Socrates kɛ Plato ná yɛ susumɔ ni ayɔɔ akɛ susuma lɛ gbooo lɛ mlilɛɛmɔ mli?
8 Awieɔ akɛ Socrates kɛ Plato, ni ji Hela jeŋ nilelɔi ni hi shi yɛ afii ohai enumɔ D.Ŋ.B. lɛ fata mɛi ni kɛ susumɔ ni ayɔɔ akɛ susuma lɛ gbooo lɛ ba klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ ahe. Shi, jeee amɛ ji mɛi ni kɛ nakai susumɔ lɛ ba. Shi moŋ, amɛtsuu he ni amɛtsake lɛ ni amɛha etsɔ jeŋ nilee mli tsɔɔmɔ, ni amɛtsɔ nakai gbɛ nɔ amɛha amɛbei amli kui ni hiŋmɛi egbele, kɛ mɛi ni ba yɛ no sɛɛ lɛ ná he miishɛɛ waa.[8] Anɔkwa sane ji akɛ, Zoroastriabii ni hi blema Persia lɛ kɛ Mizraimbii ni tsɔ̃ amɛhiɛ lɛ hu heɔ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ amɛyeɔ.[9] Belɛ, sanebimɔ lɛ ji akɛ, Nɛgbɛ ji tsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ jɛɛhe?
9. Mɛni ji hewalɛ ni aná yɛ mɛi anɔ lɛ jɛɛhe ko ni anaa yɛ Mizraim, Persia, kɛ Hela blema hiŋmɛigbelemɔi lɛ amli?
9 “Babiloniabii ajamɔ ná hewalɛ yɛ Mizraim, Persia, kɛ Helabii anɔ yɛ blema je lɛ mli,” taakɛ The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria wolo lɛ kɛɔ lɛ. Wolo nɛɛ tee nɔ etsɔɔ mli, yɛ Mizraimbii ajamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii lɛ ahe akɛ: “Yɛ sharamɔ ni bakã Mizraim kɛ Babilonia teŋ mra, taakɛ El-Amarna taoi lɛ jieɔ lɛ kpo lɛ hewɔ lɛ, eka shi faŋŋ akɛ aná hegbɛi babaoo ni ha anyɛ akɛ Babilonia susumɔi kɛ kusumii wo Mizraim jamɔ he gbɛjianɔtoi amli.”a[10] Abaanyɛ awie nakai nɔŋŋ yɛ blema Persiabii kɛ Helabii lɛ hu ahiŋmɛigbelemɔi ahe.
10. Mɛni ji Babiloniabii asusumɔ yɛ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he?
10 Shi ani blema Babiloniabii lɛ he susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ amɛye? Yɛ oti nɛɛ gbɛfaŋ lɛ, Nilelɔ Morris Jastrow, Jr., ni yɔɔ University of Pennsylvania yɛ U.S.A. lɛ ŋma akɛ: “Gbɔmɛi lɛ loo [Babilonia] jamɔ mli susumɔi ahiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ susuuu nyɛ ni eeenyɛ eba akɛ abaanyɛ akpata nɔ ni aha eba shihilɛ mli be ko lɛ hiɛ kwraa lɛ he yɛ be ko kwraa mli. [Yɛ amɛsusumɔ naa lɛ], gbele ji gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ kɛyaa shihilɛ kroko mli, ni kpɛlɛmɔ ni amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ shihilɛ ni gbele bɛ mli [ní yɔɔ amrɔ nɛɛ shihilɛ mli] lɛ nɔ lɛ mãa bɔ ni anyɛŋ ajo shihilɛ tsakemɔ ni gbele kɛbaa lɛ naa foi lɛ nɔ mi kɛkɛ.”[12] Hɛɛ, Babiloniabii lɛ he amɛye akɛ wala hiɔ shi yɛ su ko mli, yɛ gbɛ ko nɔ, yɛ gbele sɛɛ. Amɛjieɔ enɛ kpo kɛtsɔ nibii komɛi ni amɛkɛfũɔ gbonyo lɛ koni ekɛyatsu nii yɛ Gbohii Ajeŋ lɛ nɔ.
11, 12. Yɛ Nu Afua lɛ sɛɛ, nɛgbɛ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ je shishi kɛjɛ?
11 Eyɛ faŋŋ akɛ, susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ yaa sɛɛ kɛyaa blema Babilon tɔ̃ɔ. Ani enɛ he miihia? Hɛɛ, ehe miihia, ejaakɛ taakɛ Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, Nimrod, ni ji Noa nanakansowa lɛ, ji mɔ ni to Babel, loo Babilon maŋtiase lɛ. Yɛ Noa gbii lɛ amli jeŋ fɛɛ Nu Afua lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, gbɔmɛi lɛ fɛɛ wie wiemɔ kome ni amɛyɛ jamɔ kome pɛ. Jeee akɛ Nimrod fee ehe mɔ ni ‘teɔ shi ewoɔ Yehowa’ kɛkɛ, shi moŋ ekɛ esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ tao ni ‘amɛhé gbɛi’ amɛha amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛhe. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Nimrod je jamɔ ní yɔɔ srɔto shishi, kɛtsɔ maŋtiase ni eto kɛ mɔɔ ko ni emaa yɛ jɛmɛ lɛ nɔ.[13]—1 Mose 10:1, 6, 8-10; 11:1-4.
12 Taakɛ blema sane tsɔɔ lɛ, Nimrod gbo yiwalɛ gbele. Yɛ egbele sɛɛ lɛ, eka shi faŋŋ akɛ Babilonbii lɛ baasumɔ ni amɛjie bulɛ ni mli kwɔ kpo amɛha lɛ, ákɛ amɛ maŋtiase lɛ shishitolɔ, emalɔ, kɛ klɛŋklɛŋ maŋtsɛ. Akɛni abuɔ nyɔŋmɔ Marduk (Merodak) akɛ Babilon maŋ lɛ shishitolɔ, ní akɛ egbɛi wo Babilon maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo hewɔ lɛ, woloŋlelɔi komɛi wieɔ akɛ Marduk feɔ Nimrod ni abuɔ lɛ akɛ nyɔŋmɔ lɛ he mfoniri. (2 Maŋtsɛmɛi 25:27; Yesaia 39:1; Yeremia 50:2) Kɛji nakai ni lɛ, no lɛ eka shi faŋŋ akɛ susumɔ ni ayɔɔ akɛ gbɔmɔ yɛ susuma ni hiɔ shi yɛ gbele sɛɛ lɛ ehe shi waa yɛ nakai beaŋ, kɛ hoo lɛ, yɛ Nimrod gbele beaŋ. Bɔ fɛɛ bɔ ni eji lɛ, yinɔsane ni aŋma afɔ̃ shi lɛ jieɔ lɛ kpo akɛ yɛ Nu Afua lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, hé ni susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ je shishi yɛ ji Babel, loo Babilon.[14]
13. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ tsɔ egbɛ eshwã shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ fɛɛ, ni mɛni jɛ mli ba?
13 Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ kɛfataa he akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ha Babel mɔɔ malɔi lɛ amɔdɛŋbɔɔ lɛ fee efolo kɛtsɔ amɛwiemɔ ní efutu lɛ nɔ. Akɛni amɛnyɛɛɛ amɛkɛ amɛhe awie dɔŋŋ hewɔ lɛ, amɛkpa amɛ nitsumɔ lɛ kwraa ni amɛgbɛ amɛshwã “kɛjɛ jɛi kɛtee shikpɔŋ lɛ fɛɛ nɔ.” (1 Mose 11:5-9) Esa akɛ wɔkai akɛ eyɛ mli akɛ atsake mɛi ni kulɛ amɛtaoɔ amɛma mɔɔ nɛɛ awiemɔ lɛ moŋ, shi amɛsusumɔi kɛ amɛjwɛŋmɔi lɛ tsakeee. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, amɛkɛ amɛ jamɔ mli susumɔi lɛ fata amɛhe kɛtee he fɛɛ he ni amɛtee lɛ. Nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ tsɔ ni Babilonbii ajamɔ mli tsɔɔmɔi—ní susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ fata he lɛ—gbɛ eshwã shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ fɛɛ, ni ebatsɔ̃ je lɛŋ jamɔi wuji lɛ ashishitoo nɔ̃. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ atsɔ nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ ato jeŋ apasa jamɔ maŋtsɛyeli ko shishi, ni atsɛ́ lɛ yɛ gbɛ ni ja nɔ, yɛ Biblia lɛ mli akɛ “Babilon kpeteŋkpele lɛ, shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ ajwamaŋi lɛ kɛ nihiinii lɛ anyɛ.”—Kpojiemɔ 17:5.
Jeŋ Apasa Jamɔ Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ Mli Lɛɛ Kɛtee Bokagbɛ
14. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ Babilonbii ajamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii lɛ tsɔ egbɛ eshwã kɛtee India shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ?
14 Yinɔsaneŋmalɔi komɛi kɛɔ akɛ nɔ ni fe afii 3,500 ni eho nɛ lɛ, gbɛfaa babaoo ni tee nɔ lɛ ha gbɔmɛi ni hiɛ hewolo nɔ su ni tamɔ eyɛŋ, ni ji Aryanbii lɛ jɛ kooyi-anaigbɛ kɛba Indus Jɔɔ, ní amrɔ nɛɛ eyɔɔ Pakistan kɛ India titri lɛ mli. Amɛjɛ jɛmɛ amɛgbɛ amɛshwã Ganges Faa lɛ ŋa kplanaa lɛ nɔ kɛteke India. Mɛi ni yɔɔ enɛ he nilee waa lɛ ateŋ mɛi komɛi kɛɔ akɛ gbɛfalɔi nɛɛ ajamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii lɛ damɔ blema Iranbii kɛ Babilonbii atsɔɔmɔi anɔ. Kɛkɛ ni, nɛkɛ jamɔ mli susumɔi nɛɛ batsɔmɔ Hindu jamɔ lɛ shishifãi.[15]
15. Te fee tɛŋŋ ni susuma ni gbooo susumɔ lɛ baná ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ Hindu jamɔ nɔ hewalɛ?
15 Yɛ India lɛ, susuma ni gbooo he susumɔ lɛ baje kpo akɛ balamɔ loo fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli he tsɔɔmɔ lɛ. Hindu nilelɔi, ní no mli lɛ amɛmiibɔ mɔdɛŋ ní amɛnu jeŋ fɛɛ naagba ni ji efɔŋ kɛ amanehulu ni yɔɔ adesai ateŋ lɛ shishi lɛ, baná nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ Karma mla lɛ, mla ni ji nɔ ni afeɔ kɛ nɔ ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ. Beni amɛfeɔ mla nɛɛ kɛ susuma ni gbooo lɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli lɛ ekome lɛ, amɛbaná fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli tsɔɔmɔ lɛ, ní kɛɔ akɛ awoɔ shihilɛ kome mli sui kpakpai ahe nyɔmɔ, ni akɛ emli sui fɔji ahe toigbalamɔ hãa yɛ shihilɛ kroko ni tsa nɔ lɛ mli lɛ. Oti ni mã anɔkwafoi lɛ ahiɛ ji moksha, loo heyeli ni aaaná kɛaajɛ fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ shibɔlemɔ lɛ mli, kɛ ekome ni akɛ nɔ ni amɛtsɛɔ lɛ akɛ naagbee mɔ diɛŋtsɛ ni yɔɔ lɛ aaafee, loo Nirvana. Beni Hindu jamɔ gbɛɔ shwãa yɛ afii ohai abɔ lɛ amli lɛ, nakai nɔŋŋ fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli tsɔɔmɔ lɛ hu gbɛ eshwã. Ni tsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ ebatsɔ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ Hindu jamɔ mli hemɔkɛyeli titri.[16]
16. Mɛɛ Gbele Sɛɛ Shihilɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli ko baná Asia Bokagbɛ bii pii ajamɔ mli hemɔkɛyelii kɛ amɛnifeemɔi anɔ hewalɛ?
16 Ajɛ Hindu jamɔ mli aná hemɔkɛyelii krokomɛi hu, tamɔ Buddha jamɔ, Jain jamɔ, kɛ Sikh jamɔ. Jamɔi nɛɛ hu hiɛ fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli he hemɔkɛyeli lɛ. Kɛfata he lɛ, beni Buddha jamɔ gbuɔ kɛboteɔ Asia Bokagbɛ hei babaoo—China, Korea, Japan kɛ hei krokomɛi—lɛ, ená nakai kpokpaa lɛ nɔ bii fɛɛ ahiŋmɛigbelemɔ kɛ jamɔ mli nifeemɔi anɔ hewalɛ waa. Nɔ ni enɛ kɛba ji jamɔi ni jieɔ hemɔkɛyelii ni efutu, ní Buddha jamɔ mli nifeemɔi, mumɔi atsɛmɔ, kɛ blematsɛmɛi ajamɔ fɛɛ yɔɔ mli lɛ kpo. Enɛɛmɛi ateŋ nɔ ni ená mɛi anɔ hewalɛ waa ji Tao jamɔ, Konfushio jamɔ, kɛ Shinto. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, hemɔkɛyeli ni ayɔɔ akɛ shihilɛ tsaa nɔ yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ gbele sɛɛ lɛ ebaye adesai ni yɔɔ nakai je lɛ fã lɛ mli lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo diɛŋtsɛ ajamɔ mli susumɔi kɛ amɛnifeemɔi anɔ.[17]
Shi Yuda Jamɔ, Kristendom, kɛ Islam Hu?[18]
17. Mɛni blema Yudafoi lɛ he amɛye yɛ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he?
17 Mɛni ji nɔ ni gbɔmɛi ni nyiɛɔ Yuda jamɔ, Kristendom, kɛ Islam jamɔ sɛɛ lɛ heɔ amɛyeɔ yɛ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he? Yɛ jamɔi nɛɛ ateŋ lɛ, Yuda jamɔ ji nɔ ni etsɛ fe fɛɛ. Eshishifãi yaa sɛɛ aaafee afii 4,000, kɛyaa Abraham yinɔ tɔ̃ɔ—be kplaŋŋ sɛɛ dani Socrates kɛ Plato hã susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ ni akaa yiŋ atsɔɔ lɛ hé shi jogbaŋŋ. Blema Yudafoi lɛ hé gbohiiashitee lɛ amɛye, shi jeee adesa susuma ni gbooo ni akɛɛ eyɔɔ emli lɛ. (Mateo 22:31, 32; Hebribii 11:19) Belɛ, te fee tɛŋŋ ni susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ bote Yuda jamɔ mli? Yinɔsane hãa hetoo.
18, 19. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ tsɔ ebote Yuda jamɔ mli?
18 Yɛ afi 332 D.Ŋ.B. lɛ, Alexander Kpeteŋkpele lɛ ye Boka Teŋgbɛ, ní Yerusalem fata he lɛ nɔ kunim. Beni Alexander sɛɛyelɔi lɛ yaa nɔ amɛtsuɔ eyiŋtoo ni ji Helabii ahiŋmɛigbelemɔ mlilɛɛmɔ lɛ he nii lɛ, no kɛ hiŋmɛigbelemɔi enyɔ—Helabii anɔ̃ kɛ Yudafoi lɛ hu anɔ̃ lɛ—futumɔ ba. Yɛ be ko sɛɛ lɛ, Yudafoi bale Helabii asusumɔi jogbaŋŋ, ni amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi po batsɔmɔ jeŋ nilelɔi.
19 Philo ni jɛ Alexandria, ni hi shi yɛ Ŋ.B. klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli lɛ, ji Yudafoi jeŋ nilelɔi nɛɛ ateŋ mɔ kome. Ekɛ bulɛ ni mli kwɔ hã Plato, ni ebɔ mɔdɛŋ akɛ ebaatsɔɔ Yuda jamɔ mli yɛ Hela jeŋ nilee naa, ni ekɛ nakai feemɔ gbele gbɛ kɛha Yudafoi ni susuɔ saji ahe, ni ba yɛ sɛɛ mli lɛ. Hela susumɔi ná Talmud lɛ—ni ji mla ni akɛ naabu jaje lɛ he wiemɔi ni rabifoi lɛ eŋmala lɛ—hu nɔ hewalɛ waa. “Talmud lɛ he rabifoi,” taakɛ Encyclopaedia Judaica kɛɔ lɛ, “heɔ yeɔ akɛ susuma lɛ yaa nɔ ehiɔ shi yɛ gbele sɛɛ.” Yudafoi ateemɔŋ hemɔkɛyeli he woji ni afee yɛ sɛɛ mli, tamɔ Cabala lɛ, po yaa shɔŋŋ aahu akɛ etsɔɔ fɔmɔ ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso hee mli. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, susuma ni gbooo susumɔ lɛ bote Yuda jamɔ mli yɛ gbɛ ni yɔɔ nigii nɔ kɛtsɔ Hela jeŋ nilee nɔ. Mɛni abaanyɛ awie yɛ bɔ ni fee ni tsɔɔmɔ lɛ bote Kristendom mli lɛ he?
20, 21. (a) Mɛni ji mra be mli Kristofoi lɛ ashidaamɔ yɛ Plato, loo Helabii ajeŋ nilee he? (b) Mɛni kɛ Plato susumɔi kɛ Kristofoi atsɔɔmɔi ni akɛfutu lɛ ba?
20 Anɔkwa Kristojamɔ je shishi kɛjɛ Yesu Kristo nɔ. Miguel de Unamuno, ní wɔtsɛ ewiemɔi asɛɛ kɛtsɔ hiɛ lɛ, ŋma yɛ Yesu he akɛ: “Ená heloo ni aaaná gbohiiashitee, taakɛ Yudafoi lɛ anɔ̃ lɛ ji lɛ moŋ mli hemɔkɛyeli, shi jeee susuma ni gbooo lɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli, taakɛ [Helanyo] Plato nɔ̃ lɛ ji lɛ.” Emu sane naa akɛ: “Susuma ni gbooo lɛ . . . ji wɔŋjalɔi ajeŋ nilee ni abiii he sane.” Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, wɔnyɛɔ wɔnaa nɔ hewɔ ni bɔfo Paulo kɛ kɔkɔbɔɔ ni mli wa waa ha klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli Kristofoi lɛ yɛ “jeŋ nilee kɛ yaka shishiumɔ . . . [kɛ] gbɔmɛi ablema saji kɛ je nɛŋ shishijee nibii ni jeee Kristo lɛ” ahe lɛ.—Kolosebii 2:8.
21 Mɛɛ be, ni mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ “wɔŋjalɔi ajeŋ nilee ni abiii he sane” nɛɛ tsɔ ebote Kristendom mli? The New Encyclopædia Britannica lɛ tsɔɔ mli akɛ: “Kɛjɛ afii ohai 2 AD [Ŋ.B.] lɛ teŋgbɛ kɛbaa ni Kristofoi ni akɛ Hela jeŋ nilee etsɔse amɛ lɛ je shishi amɛnu he akɛ ehe miihia ni amɛjie amɛhemɔkɛyeli kpo yɛ nakai nilee lɛ naa, kɛha amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛhiɛsaa yɛ woloŋlee mli kɛ agbɛnɛ hu, koni amɛtsake wɔŋjalɔi ni le woloŋ lɛ. Jeŋ nilee ni sa amɛ jogbaŋŋ ji Plato tsɔɔmɔ lɛ.” Nɛkɛ mra be mli jeŋ nilelɔi ni ná hewalɛ ni mli wa waa diɛŋtsɛ yɛ Kristendom tsɔɔmɔi anɔ nɛɛ ateŋ mɛi enyɔ ji Origen ni jɛ Alexandria lɛ kɛ Augustine ni jɛ Hippo lɛ. Plato susumɔi ná mɛi enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ anɔ hewalɛ waa, ni amɛná gbɛfaŋnɔ ni sa kadimɔ waa yɛ nakai susumɔi lɛ kɛ Kristofoi atsɔɔmɔi afutumɔ mli.
22. Susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ etee nɔ efee nɔ ni he hiaa waa yɛ Islam jamɔ mli yɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ?
22 Yɛ be mli ni susuma ni gbooo he susumɔ ni yɔɔ Yuda jamɔ kɛ Kristendom mli lɛ jɛ hewalɛ ni Plato tsɔɔmɔ ná yɛ amɛnɔ lɛ, akɛ nakai susumɔ lɛ wo Islam jamɔ mli kɛjɛ eshishijee tɔ̃ɔ. Koran lɛ, ni ji Islam wolo krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ gbɔmɔ yɛ susuma ni yaa nɔ ehiɔ shi yɛ gbele sɛɛ. Ewieɔ he ni susuma lɛ baaya yɛ naagbee kwraa lɛ he ákɛ shihilɛ yɛ ŋwɛi paradeiso abɔɔ ko mli loo toigbalamɔ yɛ hɛl la ni tsoɔ mli. Enɛ etsɔɔɔ akɛ Arab woloŋlelɔi ekako akɛ amɛkɛ Hela jeŋ nilee aaafutu Islam tsɔɔmɔi ni amɛfee lɛ ekome. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, Aristotle nitsumɔ ná Arab je lɛ nɔ hewalɛ kɛyashɛ he ko. Shi kɛlɛ, susuma ni gbooo lɛ kã he eji Muslimbii ahemɔkɛyeli lolo.[19]
23. Mɛɛ sanebimɔi ni he hiaa, ní kɔɔ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he abaasusu he yɛ nikasemɔ ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ mli?
23 Eyɛ faŋŋ akɛ, jamɔi ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ fɛɛ lɛ ekpɛlɛ Gbele Sɛɛ Shihilɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli srɔtoi ni futuɔ mɔ yiŋ, ní damɔ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ nɔ lɛ nɔ. Ni nɛkɛ hemɔkɛyelii nɛɛ esa gbɔmɛi akpekpei akpei abɔ he, hɛɛ, ená amɛnɔ hewalɛ ni eye amɛnɔ nyɔŋ po. Yɛ enɛɛmɛi fɛɛ ni wɔkɛkpeɔ lɛ hewɔ lɛ, wɔnuɔ he akɛ esa akɛ wɔbi akɛ: Ani abaanyɛ ale anɔkwale ni kɔɔ nɔ ni baa wɔnɔ kɛ́ wɔgboi lɛ he? Ani ahiɔ shi yɛ gbele sɛɛ? Mɛni Biblia lɛ yɔɔ kɛɛmɔ yɛ he? Wɔbaasusu enɛ he yɛ nikasemɔ ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ mli.
[Shishigbɛ niŋmaa]
a El-Amarna ji he ni Mizraim maŋtiase ni ji Akhetaton, ní etsɔ̃ amaŋfɔ, ní akɛɛ ato shishi yɛ afii ohai 14 D.Ŋ.B. lɛ hi.[11]
Ani Obaanyɛ Otsɔɔ Mli?
◻ Mɛni ji saneyitso ko ni anaa yɛ jamɔi babaoo ahemɔkɛyelii ni kɔɔ gbele sɛɛ shihilɛ he lɛ amli?
◻ Yinɔsane kɛ Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ blema Babilon ji he ni susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ je shishi kɛjɛ yɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ?
◻ Susuma ni gbooo lɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli ni Babiloniabii yɔɔ lɛ sa Bokagbɛ jamɔi ahe yɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ?
◻ Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ susuma ni gbooo tsɔɔmɔ lɛ tsɔ ebote Yuda jamɔ, Kristendom, kɛ Islam mli?
[Mfonirii ni yɔɔ baafa 12, 13]
Alexander Kpeteŋkpele lɛ kunimyeli lɛ kɛ Helabii kɛ Yudafoi ahiŋmɛigbelemɔi lɛ afutumɔ ba
[Caption on page 13]
Augustine bɔ mɔdɛŋ akɛ ekɛ Plato jeŋ nilee baafutu Kristojamɔ
[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]
Alexander: Musei Capitolini, Roma; Augustine: Ejɛ Great Men and Famous Women wolo lɛ mli