Miseche Kodi Nchifukwa Ninji Imasangalatsa?

M’CHINENERO cha ku China imatchedwa shén-tán; m’Chifinni, juoru; m’Chitaliyana, pettegolézzo; m’Chispanya, chisme. Inde, miseche njapadziko lonse. M’zinenero zina, miseche ingakhale ndi tanthauzo loipa kotheratu.

Ichi nchifukwa chakuti kaŵirikaŵiri nkhani wamba imafikira pakukhala nkhani yovulaza kapena yoyambitsa mavuto. Iyo ingakhale kusinjirira kwenikweni, komwe kwafotokozedwa kukhala “kunena zinenezo zabodza kapena kuimira koipa komwe kunganyazitse ndi kuwononga mbiri yabwino ya munthu wina.” Pamenepo, nkosadabwitsa kuti mwambi wakale umati: “Miseche imabweretsadi mkwiyo monga momwedi mphepo yakumpoto imabweretsera mvula.”—Miyambo 25:23, Today’s English Version.

Polingalira za kuthekera kwake kwa kuvulaza, pamenepo, kodi nchifukwa ninji nthaŵi zambiri timapeza kuti miseche imakhala yosapeŵeka, yosangalatsa? Ndipo kodi munthu angasiyanitse motani pakati pa miseche yosavulaza ndi yovulaza?

Miseche—Njira Yosinthanirana Chidziŵitso

Pali chifukwa chachikulu cha kudyera miseche: Anthu ngokondweretsedwa ndi anthu anzawo. Pamenepo, mwachibadwa, ndife okhoterera kulankhula za anthu ena. Monga momwe Max Gluckman, katswiri wa miyambo ndi makhalidwe a anthu ananenera panthaŵi ina: “Tsiku lirilonse, ndipo kwa mbali yaikulu ya tsiku lirilonse, ambirife timadziloŵetsa m’kudyera miseche. Ndimaganiza kuti ngati tikanati tidzisunga cholembedwa cha mmene timagwiritsira ntchito nthaŵi imene timakhala tiri m’maso, kudyera miseche kukanatsatira pa ‘ntchito’—kwa enafe—kukanakhala koyambirira.”

Kulankhula wamba kungakhale kusinthana chidziŵitso kothandiza kutakhala kwachikatikati ndi kwachifundo, monga njira yodziŵira zinthu zatsopano zomwe zikuchitika. Kungaphatikizepo zinthu wamba monga ndani wakwatiwa, ndani ali ndi pakati, ndiponso ndani wamwalira, kapena kungakhale kukambitsirana koseketsa kumene kulibe cholinga cha njiru.

Komabe, nthaŵi zambiri, kulankhula wamba kumapyola pa zinthu zabwino ndi zokondweretsa. Mfundo zenizeni zimapotozedwa, kusinjiriridwa, kapena kukhotetsedwa. Kuchititsa manyazi kumapangidwa kukhala magwero a chiphwete. Nkhani zaumwini zimaululidwa poyera. Zinsinsi zoululidwa kwa ena zimaululidwanso kwa anthu ena. Mbiri yabwino ya munthu imawonongedwa kapena kuipitsidwa. Zinthu zofunikira kutamandidwa zimabisidwa mwakudandaula, kung’ung’udza, ndi kupeza zolakwa. Chenicheni chakuti palibe chivulazo chomwe chinalingaliridwa sichimakhala nkanthu kwa munthu yemwe akunenedwayo. Kudyera miseche kovulaza kwayerekezedwa ndi matope opakidwa pachipupa choyera. Iwo sangamamatire, koma nthaŵi zonse amasiya banga lakuda.

Kulingana Nawo

Chifukwa china chimene tingakokedwere mosavuta m’kudyera miseche ndicho chikhumbo chathu chachibadwa chakufuna kukondedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi ena. Akatswiri a zamaganizo aamuna aŵiri John Sabini ndi Maury Silver analemba kuti: “Kaamba ka chifukwa chakutichakuti, muli ndi thayo la kulankhula; ndipo kudyera miseche ndiko njira yosangalatsa, yokhweka, ndiponso yovomerezedwa padziko lonse yokwaniritsira thayo limenelo.” (Moralities of Everyday Life) Pamenepo, kumlingo winawake, kudyera miseche ndinjira yothandiza yopititsa patsogolo kulankhuzana, yolinganirana.

Vuto nlakuti anthu amakhoterera pakukhala okondweretsedwa mopambanitsa ndi chidziŵitso choipa kuposa chidziŵitso chabwino. Ena amawoneka kuti amasangalaladi ndi kudabwitsidwa ndi nkhani zodzutsa maganizo ndi zachilendo. Chotero kudyera miseche ndiko chokopa chenicheni—ngati nkhaniyo iri yokoma kwenikweni kapena yosangalatsa kopambanitsa, imakhala yabwinopo. Mwakamodzikamodzi pamakhala kudera nkhaŵa kulikonse kotsimikizira zinenezo zodabwitsazo.

Miseche Yofalitsidwa

Mtundu umenewu wa miseche umakondweretsa chifooko china cha anthu—kufunitsitsa kudziŵa zinthu mopambanitsa. Timakonda zinsinsi. Timasangalala kukhala ndi chidziŵitso chachinsinsi. Kalelo mu 1730, pamene Benjamin Franklin anayamba kufalitsa nkhani za miseche m’danga la nyuzipepala ya Pennsylvania Gazette, kunazindikiridwa kuti anthu angalipirire miseche.

Miseche yofalitsidwa ikupitirizabe—ndipo ikupita patsogolo. Mu Yuropu, malo ogulitsira manyuzipepala amadzaza ndi manyuzipepala osonyeza nkhani zonena za mabanja achifumu, ochita mpikisano wothamangitsa magalimoto, ndi akatswiri ena a m’mitundu yonse. Nkhani ina ya m’nyuzipepala inatcha miseche kukhala bizinesi yaikulu.

Koma kodi nkopindulitsa kukhala wofunitsitsa kudziŵa zimene zimachitika m’nyumba za anthu, m’zipinda zogona, ndi m’maganizo mwawo? Kodi kuŵerenga ndi kupenyerera nkhani zimene zimakhoterera kudzutsa chilakolako chopambanitsa kungakhale kwabwino? Mwachidziŵikire, miseche yofalitsidwa imapitiriza chikhumbo chofunitsitsa kudziŵa zinthu kuposa malire.

“Kumva za m’Maluwa”

Mphekesera zopanda maziko ndi chidziŵitso cholakwika zasonkhezeranso miseche yovulaza. Mphekesera zapangitsa kuthedwa nzeru, imfa, ndi kusokonezeka. Mtengo wake ku bizinesi yokha ngosaŵerengeka.

Lesitilanti ina yogulitsa zakudya zophikaphika inathera chaka choposa chimodzi ikuyesayesa kuthetsa mphekesera yakuti masikono ake okhala ndi nyama mkati anali ndi mphutsi. Kampani yodziŵika yopanga sopo inathera zaka zambiri—ndi madola mamiliyoni ambiri—ikuyesayesa kuthetsa mphekesera yakuti chizindikiro cha kampaniyo chinali chizindikiro cha Satana ndikuti kampani yeniyeniyo inali yoloŵetsedwa m’kulambira ziŵanda.

Chikhalirechobe, ali munthu aliyense payekha amene amavutika kwakukulu ndi kusweka mtima ndi chivulazo chochokera ku mphekesera. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti nkhani zopanda pake zimakhala zosangalatsa, anthu amakonda kuzichilikiza osalingalira kwenikweni za chowonadi kapena zotulukapo zake.

Kudyera Miseche Kwanjiru—Kusinjirira

Kaŵirikaŵiri kaduka ndi chidani ndizo zimapangitsa miseche yovulaza yambiri—kudyera miseche kwanjiru, kapena kusinjirira. Liwu Lachigiriki kaamba ka “wosinjirira” ndi di·aʹbo·los, liwu limene limatembenuzidwa m’Baibulo monga Mdyerekezi. (Chibvumbulutso 12:9) Dzinalo nloyenerera, popeza kuti Satana ndiye wosinjirira Mulungu wamkulu. Mofanana ndi Satana, ena amalankhula za anzawo ndi cholinga choipa. Nthaŵi zina cholinga chake chimakhala chakulipsira, monga chotulukapo cha malingaliro oipidwa kapena nsanje. Mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, iwo amafunafuna kupititsa patsogolo zabwino zawo mwakuchitira mbanda dzina labwino la ena.

Chinkana kuti kudyera miseche kwanjiru, kapena kusinjirira, ndiko mtundu woipitsitsa wa miseche, kudziloŵetsa m’mtundu uliwonse wa miseche yovulaza, yopangitsa mavuto nkoipa ndipo kumasonyeza kupanda thayo. Pamenepo, kodi ndimotani mmene munthu angachinjirizire nkhani yosavulaza kuti isakhale kusinjirira kovulaza?

[Chithunzi patsamba 5]

Kudyera miseche kwaubwenzi kaŵirikaŵiri kumatumikira cholinga chofuna kusinthana chidziŵitso ndikupititsa patsogolo kulankhuzana

[Chithunzi patsamba 6]

Miseche yovulaza njofanana ndi matope opakidwa pa chipupa choyera. Iwo sangamamatire, koma nthaŵi zonse amasiya banga lakuda

[Chithunzi patsamba 7]

Anthu ena amadyera miseche kuti akoke chisamaliro cha onse