Lingaliro la Baibulo
Kodi Chimo Loyambirira Linali Chiyani?
KODI chimo loyambirira linali chiyani? “Kugonana,” anthu ambiri adzayankha tero. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti chipatso choletsedwa cha m’munda wa Edeni chinali chizindikiro cha kugonana ndikuti Adamu ndi Hava anachimwa mwakugonana.
Lingaliroli silatsopano. Mogwirizana ndi katswiri wa mbiri zakale Elaine Pagels, “kunena kwakuti chimo la Adamu ndi Hava linali kudziloŵetsa m’kugonana” kunali “kofala pakati pa aphunzitsi Achikristu [am’zaka za zana lachiŵiri] onga Tatian wa ku Syria, amene anaphunzitsa kuti chipatso cha mtengo wa chidziŵitso chinapereka chidziŵitso cha chisembwere.” Ndiponso, kwa Augustine Bambo wa Tchalitchi cha Dziko Lachikristu wa m’zaka za zana lachisanu C.E., chimo linayambira m’chikhumbo cha kugonana ku mbali ya Adamu. Kwenikwenidi, Psychology Today inati “chimo la Adamu linali chidziŵitso cha chisembwere.”
Ena atenga kaimidwe kakuti mtengo wodziŵitsa zabwino ndi zoipa unaimira chidziŵitso chenichenicho. Encyclopœdia Britannica ikutsutsa kuti “chidziŵitso cha zabwino ndi zoipa” chinali “kulongosola kwaukatswiri kwa chidziŵitso chonse.” Chimenecho chikatanthauza kuti Mulungu anafuna Adamu ndi Hava kukhala mbuli ndipo anampandukira mwakufunafuna kukulitsa chidziŵitso chawo.
Ndithudi mamasulidwe onse aŵiriwo amapereka chithunzi cha Mlengi wochitira mosakomera ndi wa ukavuŵevuŵe. Kodi iye akanalengeranji munthu ali ndi zosoŵa zonse ziŵiri zakugonana ndi zachidziŵitso ndipo kenaka nkumumana njira zokhutiritsira zikhumbo zimenezo popanda kudzidzetsera chilango cha imfa? Kodi ndani akadzimva wokokedwa kukonda ndi kutumikira Mulungu woteroyo?
Kodi Kugonana Kunali Chimo Loyambiriralo?
Ambiri samadziŵa kuti mamasulidwe onse aŵiriŵa amatsutsa poyera mawu ozungulira lemba a cholembera cha Genesis. Tiyeni choyamba tipende lingaliro lakuti chiletso cha Mulungu m’Edeni chinalidi chotsutsa unansi wa kugonana. Lamulo lamtsutsanoli lalembedwa pa Genesis 2:16, 17: “Mitengo yonse ya m’munda udyeko; koma mtengo wakudziŵitsa zabwino ndi zoipa usadye umenewo; chifukwa tsiku lomwe udzadya umenewo udzafa ndithu.”
Kodi chimenecho chinalidi chilozero chophimbidwa cha kugonana? Chabwino, monga zalembedwa pa Genesis 1:27, 28, Mulungu analamula mwamunayo ndi mkaziyo kuti “mubalane, muchuluke, mudzaze dziko lapansi.” Kodi ndimotani mmene Adamu ndi Hava akanamverera lamulolo popanda unansi wa kugonana? Kodi tiyenera kulingaliradi kuti Mulungu anawapatsa lamulo ndipo kenaka nkuwaweruza ku imfa poyesera kulimvera ilo?
Pambali pa icho, cholembera cha Genesis chikusonyeza kuti Adamu ndi Hava anachimwa payekhapayekha, osati pa nthaŵi imodzi. Chaputala 3, vesi 6, limamveketsa bwino lomwe kuti Hava ananyengedwa kudya chipatsocho choyamba ndikuti “napatsanso mwamuna wake amene anali naye, nadya iyenso.” Chotero kudya chipatso choletsedwacho kukakhala chizindikiro chosayenerera ndi chosalingalirika cha kugonana.
Kodi Chinali Chidziŵitso?
Bwanji ponena za kunena kwakuti chipatso choletsedwacho chinali chizindikiro cha chidziŵitso chonse? Kwenikwenidi, onse aŵiri Adamu ndi Hava anali atakhala kale ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka asanaswe lamulo la pa Genesis 2:16, 17. Mlengi wawo, Yehova iyemwini, anali woloŵetsedwamo mwachindunji m’maphunziro awo. Mwachitsanzo, iye anabweretsa nyama zonse ndi mbalame kwa mwamunayo kuti azitche maina. (Genesis 2:19, 20) Mosakaikira Adamu anayenera kuphunzira nyama iriyonse mosamalitsa kuti aitche dzina loyenera. Ndimaphunziro otani nanga a zinyama! Ngakhale kuti Hava analengedwa pambuyo pake, nayenso sanali mbuli. Pamene anafunsidwa ndi njokayo, anasonyeza kuti anaphunzitsidwa m’lamulo la Mulungu. Iye anadziŵa kusiyana pakati pa cholondola ndi cholakwika, ndipo anadziŵa ngakhale zotulukapo za machitidwe olakwa.—Genesis 3:2, 3.
Kumasulira kwa chimo loyambirira kukhala kaya kugonana kapena chidziŵitso kuli kokha zimenezo—mamasulidwe aumunthu, palibenso china. Kuipa kwake kukusonyezedwa ndi funso la mwamuna wokhulupirika Yosefe: “Kodi mwini kumasula si ndiye Mulungu?” (Genesis 40:8) Baibulo n’losavutadi kulimvetsetsa ngati sitilipatsa malingaliro aumunthu, m’malo mwake, lolani kuti lidzimasulire lokha. Pamenepa, kodi nchiyani chimene chinali chimo loyambirira? Chabwino, cholembera cha Genesis chimatipatsa chifukwa chirichonse chokhulupirira kuti mtengo wakudziŵitsa zabwino ndi zoipa unali mtengo weniweni. Timawuzidwa kumene unali m’mundamo, ndipo ukunenedwa mogwirizanitsidwa ndi mitengo ina. Chipatso chake chinali chenicheni, ndipo Adamu ndi Hava anadyadi chipatsocho.
Kodi Chinali Kusamvera?
Mwakudya chipatsocho, kodi iwo anali kuchita chiyani? New Catholic Encyclopedia mopanda chidaliro ikulingalira kuti: “Kuyenera kuti kunangokhala kunyozera Mulungu kwapoyera, kukana kwamwano kummvera Iye.” Kodi sindicho chimene Genesis momvekera amanena? Aroma 5:19 akutsimikizira nsongayi: “Mwakusamvera kwa munthu mmodzi ambiri anakhalitsidwa ochimwa.” (The New Jerusalem Bible) Chimo loyambirira linali kachitidwe kakusamvera.
Pamene kuli kwakuti chimo lakusamvera lingawoneke kukhala lopepuka kunja kwake, lingalirani zazikulu zimene limatanthauza. Mawu am’munsi mu The New Jerusalem Bible amaziika mwanjira iyi: “Icho [chidziŵitso cha zabwino ndi zoipa] ndicho mphamvu ya kudzisankhira chimene chiri chabwino ndi chimene chiri choipa ndi kuchita mogwirizana nazo, kufuna kudziimira kotheratu . . . Chimo loyambalo linali kuwukira ulamuliro wa Mulungu.” Inde, “mtengo wakudziŵitsa zabwino ndi zoipa” unaphiphiritsira mphamvu ya Mulungu ya kukhazikitsira munthu miyezo yonena za chovomerezedwa ndi chotsutsidwa. Mwakukana kumvera lamulo la Mulungu, munthu anali kukaikira kuyenerera kwenikweni kwa Mulungu kumlamulira iye. Yehova mwachilungamo anayankha chitokosocho mwakulola munthu kudzilamulira. Kodi simungavomereze kuti zotulukapo zakhala zosakaza?—Deuteronomo 32:5; Mlaliki 8:9.
Ndicho chifukwa chake mutu wa Baibulo, Ufumu wa Mulungu, umabweretsa chiyembekezo chachikulu. Mwa Ufumuwo, Yehova akulonjeza kuthetsa ulamuliro wa munthu wotsendereza ndi kuuloŵa m’malo ndi ulamuliro Wake—boma limene lidzabweretsa paradaiso wa padziko lapansi—chinthu chimene Adamu ndi Hava anataya.—Salmo 37:29; Danieli 2:44.
[Chithunzi patsamba 30]
Kodi Adamu ndi Hava anachita chimo loyambirira mwakugonana?
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
Gustave Doré