Kodi Cholakwika Nchiyani ndi Chikondi cha pa Ndalama?

PAUL ndi Mary anali ndi sitolo yodzitengera wekha zinthu m’chitaganya china cha anthu osauka mu Afirika.a Mwakugwira ntchito zolimba usiku ndi usana, iwo anapanga ndalama zambiri. M’kupita kwanthaŵi Mary anali kunyadira nyumba yatsopano yaikulu yokhala ndi mipando yabwino kwambiri. Ponena za Paul, anali kuyendera m’galimoto labwino kwambiri.

Tsiku lina Paul anafikiridwa ndi kagulu ka otsutsa boma. Iwo anamuuza kuti: “Tifuna kuti bizinesi yanu izithandiza chopereka cha [$100] pamwezi kuchirikiza cholinga chathu.” Posafuna kuchirikiza mbali iriyonse mu mkangano wandale zadziko, Paul ndi Mary molimba mtima anakana. Chifukwa cha kaimidwe kawo kauchete, iwo ananyumwiridwa kuti anali kulandira chichirikizo cha ndalama kuchokera ku boma. Tsiku lina pa mapeto a mlungu, pamene Paul ndi Mary anali atachoka kutauniyo, anthu anaba zinthu zonse m’sitolo lawo ndipo galimoto lawo ndi nyumba yawo yokongola zinatenthedwa ndi moto.

Chochitika chomvetsa chisoni ndithu, koma kodi tingathe kuphunzira chirichonse? Kungakhale kwakuti ambiri amene agwira ntchito zolimba kuti alemere sanakanthidwe ndi tsoka limene linawalanda chuma chawo, komabe bwanji za mtsogolo? Kodi nchifukwa ninji Baibulo limanena kuti ‘iwo akufuna kukhala achuma amagwa m’chiyesero ndi mu msampha, ndi m’zilakolako zambiri zopusa ndi zopweteka, zotere zonga zimiza anthu m’chiwonongeko ndi chitaiko’?​—1 Timoteo 6:9.

Lingaliro Lachikatikati la Ndalama

Mogwirizana ndi kunena kwa Baibulo, Mkristu wowona ayenera kugaŵira zosowa zakuthupi ziwalo za banja lake zodalira pa iye. Mikhalidwe, monga ngati ulova kapena mavuto athanzi, nthaŵi zina ingapangitse zimenezi kukhala zovuta. Kumbali ina, Mkristu amene anyalanyaza dala kugaŵira banja lake ‘wakana chikhulupiriro iye, ndipo aipa koposa wosakhulupirira.’​—1 Timoteo 5:8.

M’zitaganya zina zakumidzi, anthu amadalira pakulima kuti apeze chakudya cha iwo eni ndi kuweta zifuyo. Ena amagwiritsira ntchito pang’ono ndalama, kugulira zofunika zamoyo mwakusinthanitsa katundu ndi mautumiki. Komabe, njira yofala koposa imene opezera chakudya amagaŵira nayo mabanja awo ndiyo yakuloŵa ntchito yakutiyakuti kuti apeze malipiro. Amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zimene amalandira kugulira chakudya ndi zinthu zina zimene zimathandizira ubwino wabanja lawo. Kuwonjezera apa, ndalama zosungidwa mwanzeru zingathe kupereka mlingo wakutiwakuti wachitetezo m’nthaŵi zamavuto kapena tsoka. Mwachitsanzo, zingagwiritsiridwe ntchito kulipirira mankhwala kapena kukonzetsa mogumuka kofunikira pa nyumba ya munthuwe. Ndicho chifukwa chake Baibulo mowona mtima limafotokoza kuti “ndalama zichinjiriza” ndikuti “zivomereza zonse.”​—Mlaliki 7:12; 10:19.

Chifukwa chakuti ndalama zimatha kuchita zochuluka motero, pali upandu wakukulitsa lingaliro losayenera la mphamvu yake. Mkristu afunikira kuzindikira kuchepekedwa kwake kwa ndalama poziyerekezera ndi zinthu zina zofunika koposerapo. Mwachitsanzo, Baibulo limayerekezera mtengo wa ndalama ndi nzeru yaumulungu, likumati: ‘Nzeru ichinjiriza monga ndalama zichinjiriza; koma kudziŵa kupambana, chifukwa nzeru isunga moyo wa eni ake.’ (Mlaliki 7:12) Kodi ndi m’njira yotani mu imene nzeru yaumulungu iri yoposa ndalama?

Phunziro Kuchokera m’Zochitika Zakale

Zochitika za m’Yerusalemu m’chaka cha 66 C.E. zikufotokoza mwafanizo phindu la nzeru yaumulungu kuposa ndalama. Pambuyo pakubwezeretsa magulu ankhondo oukira a Roma, Ayuda m’Yerusalemu mwachiwonekere anakhulupirira kuti ziyembekezo zawo zakuchita mabizinesi tsopano zinali zabwino. Ndithudi, iwo anayamba kusula ndalama za iwo eni kukondwerera ufulu wawo wopezedwa chatsopano. Ndalama zawo zachitsulo zinasindikizidwa m’Chihebri, mawu onga akuti “Kuchitira ufulu wa Ziyoni” ndi “Yerusalemu Woyera.” Chaka chatsopano chirichonse, iwo anasula ndalama zachitsulo zatsopano zokhala ndi mawu osindikiza ozisonyeza kukhala, “chaka chachiŵiri,” “chaka chachitatu,” ndi “chaka chachinayi.” Akatswiri ofukula m’mabwinja afukula ngakhale ndalama zachitsulo zoŵerengeka zosawonekawoneka zosindikizidwa mawu akuti “chaka chachisanu,” zoyenderana ndi chaka cha 70 C.E. Kodi Akristu Achiyuda anawona ndalama zatsopano za Chiyuda monga chizindikiro choyenerera cha ufulu wokhalitsa?

Ayi. Chifukwa chakuti iwo anakumbukira mawu anzeru a Mbuye wawo. Yesu anali ataneneratu chiukiro cha Aroma chimene chinachitika mu 66 C.E. Iye anali atauza otsatira ake kuti pamene chikachitika, anayenera ‘kuchoka m’kati mwa Yerusalemu.’ (Luka 21:20-22) Mbiri imatsimikizira kuti Akristu Achiyuda anachita zomwezo kumene. Mwachiwonekere iwo anali ofunitsitsa kutaikiridwa ndi chuma, katundu, ndi mwaŵi wakuchita mabizinesi chifukwa chakuchoka m’Yerusalemu. Zaka zinayi pambuyo pake, magulu ankhondo a Roma anabwerera nazinga mzindawo.

“Munali golidi wambirimbiri mu Mzindawo,” malinga nkunena kwa mboni yowona ndi maso, wolemba mbiri Josephus. Koma ndalama zochulukazo sizinakhoze kupulumutsa Yerusalemu kunjala, imene mosalekeza “inakula kufika poipa kwambiri” ndipo “inasakaza mbumba zonse ndi mabanja.” Nzika zina zinameza ndalama zachitsulo zagolidi ndipo zinayesa kuthaŵa mzindawo. Koma iwo anaphedwa ndi adani awo, amene anang’amba mimba zawo kuti achotse ndalamazo. “Kwa achumawo,” akufotokoza Josephus, “kunalidi kwaupandu kukhala mu Mzinda mofanana ndi kuchokamo; popeza kuti ponamizira kukhala ofuna kuchoka mumzindawo, amuna ambiri anaphedwa chifukwa cha ndalama zawo.”

Miyezi yosakwanira isanu ndi umodzi kuyambira pakuzingidwa kwa mzindawo, Yerusalemu anawonongedwa, ndipo nzika zake zoposa miliyoni imodzi zinafa ndi njala, mliri, ndi lupanga. Kukonda ndalama kunachititsa khungu ambiri, kukumaŵaloŵetsa m’chiwonongeko ndi chitaiko, pamene kuli kwakuti kugwiritsira nchito mawu anzeru kunali kutakhozetsa Akristu Achiyuda kuthaŵa.

Imeneyo sinali nthaŵi yokha m’mbiri pamene ndalama zinalephera kupulumutsa anthu m’nthaŵi yachivuto. Chikondi chapandalama chingathe kukhala mbuye wokakala chotani nanga! (Mateyu 6:24) Ndiponso, icho chingakhozenso kukulandani chimwemwe chimene muli nacho tsopano.

Zokondweretsa Zimene Ndalama Sizingagule

Chikhumbo chakukhala wolemera chingathe kulepheretsa munthu kuwona zokondweretsa zambiri zimene sizimafunikira ndalama zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani maunansi amabanja a chimwemwe, mabwenzi owona, zozizwitsa za chilengedwe, kuloŵa kwa dzuŵa kokongola, ndi mvula yamabingu yochititsa chidwi, kumwamba kodzala nyenyezi, kuseŵera kosangalatsa kwa zinyama, kapena maluŵa ndi mitengo m’nkhalango yachonde.

Ndithudi, anthu ena olemera ali ndi nthaŵi yowonjezereka yakukhala ndi zokondweretsa zotchulidwa pamwambapa, koma ambiri a iwo ngotanganitsidwa koposa akumayesayesa kusunga kapena kuwonjezera chuma chawo. Ngakhale kuti kungamveke kodabwitsa, kaŵirikaŵiri chimwemwe chimazemba ngakhale anthu amene ali ndi nthaŵi. Zimenezi zikudabwitsa ofufuza amakono. “Kodi tingafotokoze bwanji chenicheni chakuti chinthu chimene chiri cholakalakika kwambiri ndi anthu ochuluka chotero, ndi chokhulupiriridwa monga chinthu chotsitsimula kwa onse, pamene chipezedwa chikukhala ndi ziyambukiro zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pa kugwiritsa mwala kufikira pa kuvutika maganizo?” akufunsa Thomas Wiseman mu bukhu lake The Money Motive​—A Study of an Obsession.

Chinthu chimodzi chimene chingalande munthu wolemera chimwemwe ndicho vuto lakudziŵa amene ali mabwenzi ake owona. Mfumu Solomo wolemerayo anawona kuti ‘pochuluka katundu, akudyapo achulukanso.’ (Mlaliki 5:11) Anthu olemera ambiri amavutikanso ndi nkhaŵa poyesayesa kusunga kapena kuwonjezera pachuma chawo. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimenezi zimawalanda tulo tokondweretsa. Baibulo limafotokoza kuti: ‘Tulo ta munthu wogwira ntchito ntabwino, ngakhale adya pang’ono ngakhale zambiri; koma kukhuta kwa wolemera sikumgonetsa tulo.’​—Mlaliki 5:12.

Chikondi chapandalama chingathe kuvulaza maunansi pakati pa banja ndi mabwenzi chifukwa chakuti chingapereke chiyeso kwa munthu wina kuchita mosawona mtima ndi upandu. Kaŵirikaŵiri okonda ndalama amatembenukira kukubetchera. Mwachisoni, kulakalaka kubetchera kumodzi kokha kumasonkhezera ambiri kuloŵa m’ngongole. “Podzafika nthaŵi imene afika kwa ine,” anatero dokotala wanthenda yamaganizo wa ku South Africa, “kaŵirikaŵiri [omwerekera ndi kubetchera] amakhala atapitirira mlingo wakusintha, iwo ataikiridwa zintchito, mabizinesi, nyumba, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri mabanja awo awasiya.” Nlowona chotani nanga chenjezo la Baibulo lakuti: “Munthu wokhulupirika ali ndi madalitso ambiri; koma wokangaza kulemera sadzapulumuka chilango.”​—Miyambo 28:20.

“Chimera Mapiko . . . ndi Kuuluka”

Chifukwa china chimene chikondi chapandalama chiriri chaupandu kwambiri nchakuti maboma aumunthu atsimikizira kukhala osakhoza kuchita mogwirizana mokwanira kapena kutsimikizira kuti ndalama ikusunga mtengo wake pakati pamaiko mosatchipa; ndiponso sanakhoze kutetezera kutsika kwa ntchito zachuma kwa kanthaŵi ndi kutsika kwa ntchito zachuma kwanthaŵi yaitali, ndi kutsika kwa malonda aakulu. Chinyengo, kuba, ndiponso kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu kumatsimikiziranso chowonadi cha mawu ouziridwa akuti: ‘Usadzitopetse kuti ulemere; Leka nzeru yako yako. Kodi upenyeranji chimene kulibe? Pakuti chuma chimera mapiko, Ngati mphungu youluka mumlengalenga.’​—Miyambo 23:4, 5.

Kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu. Ndithudi vutolo siliri m’maiko osauka okha. Kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana lino, kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu kofulumira kunakantha maiko otukuka a pakati pa Yuropu. Mwachitsanzo, Nkhondo Yadziko 1 isanakanthe, mark ya ku Jeremani inali pafupifupi yolingana ndi shilling ya ku Briteni, franc ya ku Falansa, kapena lira ya ku Italiya. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, shilling imodzi, franc imodzi, ndi lira imodzi, inali pafupifupi yokwanira ma mark 1,000,000,000,000. Kodi ndichiyambukiro chotani chimene kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu kosalekeza kuli nacho pa anthu m’zitaganya za anthu olemera? “Ngati tingaweruze mogwirizana ndi zimene zinachitikira chigwirizano cha Maulamuliro a Jeremani ndi Austria ndi Hungary kuchiyambiyambi kwa ma 1920,” akutero Adam Fergusson m’bukhu lake When Money Dies, “pamenepo [kunyonyotsoka kwandalama] kumatulutsa umbombo, chiwawa, kupanda chimwemwe, ndi udani, zimene kwakukulukulu zimachokera m’mantha, kotero kuti palibe chitaganya chimene chingapulumuke chosavulazidwa ndi chosasinthidwa.”

Mu 1923, Jeremani inabwezeretsa mtengo wandalama zake mwakuchotsa mazilo 12 kotero kuti mwadzidzidzi ma mark akale 1,000,000,000,000, anafikira kukhala ofanana ndi mark yatsopano imodzi. Kachitidwe kameneka kanaimika kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu koma kanali ndi zotulukapo zina zovulaza. Fergusson akufotokoza kuti: “Kubwezeretsa kukhazikika kwa mtengo wa ndalama, kumene kunataitsa zikwi zambiri za anthu ndalama zawo m’banki, kunachotsetsa mamiliyoni ambiri ntchito zawo, ndipo kunapha ziyembekezo za mamiliyoni ena ambiri, mosakhala mwachindunji kunaika mtengo wowopsa kwambiri umene dziko lonse linafunikira kulipirira.” Mwachiwonekere, “mtengo wowopsa” umene wolembayo anali kuulingalira unali kubuka kwa Chinazi ndi Nkhondo Yadziko II.

Chenicheni chakuti ndalama zambiri m’banki zinalephera kuthandiza ochuluka kalelo chiyenera kukhala chenjezo logalamutsa m’nthaŵi zino zakusatsimikizirika kwa chuma kwa padziko lonse. Mwana wa Mulungu mwiniyo anachenjeza kuti ndalama zikalephera, zimenedi izo zachita nthaŵi zambiri. (Luka 16:9) Koma kulephera kwakukulu ndi kofalikira koposa kudzadza pamene Yehova apereka chiŵeruzo pa dziko loipa iri. ‘Chuma sichithandiza tsiku la mkwiyo; koma chilungamo chipulumutsa kuimfa’.​—Miyambo 11:4.

Chifukwa chake, nkofunika chotani nanga, kuti aliyense wa ife ayeseyese kusunga kaimidwe kolungama ndi Mabwenzi athu owona, Yehova Mulungu ndi Yesu Kristu!

Magwero Achimwemwe Chosatha

Paul ndi Mary, otchulidwa kuchiyambiyambi kwa nkhani ino, anali Mboni za Yehova. Kwazaka zambiri iwo anakhala ndi phande m’ntchito yolalikira ya nthaŵi yonse. Komabe, chikhumbo chawo cha chuma chinawachititsa kusiya kufika pamisonkhano ya mpingo Wachikristu, ndipo anasiya kugawana chikhulupiriro chawo mu uminisitala wapoyera. Koma iwo anagalamuka mwauzimu. “Tsopano ndikuwona mmene kunaliri kupusa kuthera nthaŵi yanga yonse ndi nyonga pazinthu zimene zingazimiririke m’mphindi zochepekera,” anatero Mary pambuyo pakuberedwa ndipo pambuyo pakuwonongedwa kwa nyumba yake. Mokondweretsa, okwatirana amenewa anapeza phunziro kusanakhale m’mbuyo mwa alendo. Inde, chivulazo chachikulu koposa chimene chikondi chapandalama chingachititse ndicho kulanda munthuyo unansi wovomerezeka ndi Yehova Mulungu ndi Yesu Kristu. Popanda Mabwenzi amenewa, kodi nchiyembekezo chotani chimene tingakhale nacho chakupulumuka mapeto a dziko loipa lino kuloŵa m’dziko latsopano la chilungamo lolonjezedwa?​—Mateyu 6:19-21, 31-34; 2 Petro 3:13.

Chotero mosasamala kanthu kuti mukudzilingalira kukhala wolemera kapena wosauka, chenjerani kuti musakulitse chikondi chapandalama. Gwirirani ntchito pakupeza ndi kusunga chuma chachikulu koposacho​—kaimidwe kovomerezeka ndi Yehova Mulungu. Mungachite izi mwakupereka chisamaliro chosalekeza kuchiitano chofulumira chakuti: ‘Mzimu ndi mkwatibwi anena, Idzani. Ndipo wakumva anene, Idzani. Ndipo wakumva ludzu adze; iye wofuna, atenge madzi a moyo kwaulere.’​—Chivumbulutso 22:17.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Zithunzi pamasamba 8, 9]

Mbali zonse ziŵiri zandalama ya chitsulo yosulidwa mkati mwa chipanduko cha Ayuda yosindikizidwa mawu akuti “chaka chachiŵiri”

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.