Kodi Helo Ndimalo a Chizunzo?

ENA amati inde; ena amati ayi; enanso samadziwa chirichonse. Zaka mazana ochepekera zapitazo chikhulupiriro m’helo monga malo amoto ndi ozunzira miyoyo yosalapa pambuyo pa imfa chinali pafupifupi chaponseponse m’Dziko Lachikristu. Anthu ochuluka lerolino amachikana ndipo amasankha nthanthi yakuti “helo ali pano padziko lapansi.” Kodi nchiyani chimene chiri chowonadi? Kodi anthu oipa amapitadi kuhelo? Kodi ndimalo a chizunzo?

Pali malingaliro ochuluka ponena za helo. Lingaliro la m’nthawi yapakati linali lakuti ndimalo a pansi padziko kumene ochimwa osalapa anavutika ndi mavuto aakulu kosatha. Dante, wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka, yemwe anabadwa m’zaka za zana la-13, analemba m’bukhu lakelo The Eleven Pains of Hell kuti:

“Pali mitengo yomayaka moto imene miyoyo ya awo amene sakanapita kutchalitchi m’moyo uno amapachikidwapo, . . .

“Pali uvuni yotentha, imene amdyerekezi asanu ndi awiri amaimilirapo amene amafunthulira miyoyo yaliwongo m’ng’anjo. . . .

“Miyoyo yaliwongo ilibe mpumulo.”

Michelangelo anachitira chithunzithunzi helo wochititsa mantha woteroyo m’zojambula zake za m’Malo Opempherera a Sistine a Vatican. Ananenedwa kukhala atawopseza ndi luntha la Papa Paul III, yemwe anali atachituma.

Onse aŵiri Calvin ndi Luther anavomereza lingaliro Lachikatolika ponena za helo. Lerolino, chiphunzitso cha helo wamoto chidakasungidwabe. “Mkhalidwe waukulu wa helo,” ikufotokoza motero New Catholic Encyclopedia, “ndiwo moto wake umene uli wosakhoza kuzimidwa . . . ndi umene uli wosatha . . . Chirichonse chimene chingatanthauzidwe ndi mawu akutiwo ‘moto wosakhoza kuzimitsidwa’ ndi ‘moto wosatha,’ sayenera kufotokozedwa kukhala opanda tanthauzo.” Billy Graham, mlaliki wotchuka Wachimereka akuwonjezera kuti: “Chiphunzitso cha helo weniweni chikupezeka m’malamulo onse a matchalitchi otsogola. . . . Mulungu analingalira kukhala weniweni kwambiri kotero kuti Iye anatumiza Mwana wake wayekha kudziko lapansi kudzapulumutsa anthu kuhelo.”

Komabe, chikhoterero chaposachedwapa, chakhala cha kunyalanyaza chiphunzitso chakuti moto ndi chizunzo cha helo ziri zenizeni ndi kuzifotokoza kukhala zikumasonyeza kuthekera kwa kutaikiridwa kwa munthuwe ndi kusiyanitsidwa ndi Mulungu kosatha—kuvutika maganizo. Komabe, kalata yolembedwa ndi Vatican yofalitsidwa mu 1979 yokhala ndi chivomerezo cha Papa John Paul II, inafotokozanso chikhulupiriro chakuti ochimwa osalapa adzapita ku helo wotentha ndi moto ndipo chinachenjeza motsutsana ndi kufalikira kwa kuchikaikira.

Ziyambukiro pa Amoyo

Lingaliro lenilenilo la helo wotentha lachititsa chizunzo chamalingaliro chosaneneka. John Bunyan, wolemba Pilgrim’s Progress, analemba kuti pamene iye anali mwana wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi kapena khumi anawopsedwa ndi “maloto ochititsa mantha, ndipo . . . ananthunthumiritsidwa polingalira za zizunzo za helo wamoto.” Ena ochuluka avutika mwanjira yofananayo. Ku Durban, South Africa, mwamuna wina akukumbukira kuti: “Pamene ndinali kamnyamata, ndinali ndi atulo owopsa ponena za helo ndipo ndinkalira usiku. Makolo anga achikondiwo anayesa kunditonthoza koma sakanakhoza kutero.”

Kwazaka mazana ochuluka chiphunzitso cha helo wamoto chakhathamiritsidwa m’maganizo okhoza kusonkhezeredwa a achichepere ndi kumvedwa kuchokera pamagome. Kodi nchiyambukiro chotani chimene lingaliro limeneli lakhala nacho m’mitima ya anthu? Kodi chawachititsa kukhala okoma mtima koposerapo, achikondi koposerapo, ndi omvera chifundo koposerapo mkuchita kwawo ndi ena?

Pambuyo pa kutchula kuti awo amene anatsogoza Misasa Yachibalo yoipitsitsa analingalira kuti mikhole yawo yosayenerayo “mwina ikanapulumutsidwa ndi moto wakanthawi kuchokera ku malawi osatha,” Henry C. Lea akulemba kuti mu A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages: “Ngati Mulungu wachilungamo ndi wamphamvuyonse anabweretsa kulipsira kwaumulungu pa awo okhala zolengedwa zake amene anamlakwira, sikunali kwa munthu kukaikira kulungama kwa njira zake, koma kutsatira modzichepetsa chitsanzo chake ndi kusangalala pamene mwaŵi wa kutero mwaulemu unaperekedwa kwa iye.”

Ndiponso, wolemba mbiri Wachispanya Felipe Fernández-Armesto akunena kuti: “Ndithudi nzowona kuti mabwalo a mirandu yazibalo anali ankhanza mkugwiritsira ntchito chizunzo kuti apeze umboni; koma kachiŵirinso, kuzunza kopanda chifundo kuyenera kuweruziridwa motsutsana ndi zizunzo zimene zinayembekezera m’helo munthu wampatuko yemwe sanaulule.”—Kanyenye ngwathu.

Chiphunzitso cha chizunzo chosatha chatembenuzira opita kutchalitchi ochuluka kukhala osakhulupirira mwa Mulungu. Ngakhale Billy Graham anavomereza kuti kunali “kovuta kopambanitsa koposa ziphunzitso zina zonse za Chikristu kukuvomereza.” Koma kodi chimenechi chiri kwenikweni chiphunzitso chochilikizidwa ndi Baibulo?

Kodi Nchiphunzitso cha Chikristu?

‘Ndithudi, chiri m’Baibulo,’ ambiri akutero. Baibulo limalankhuladi za anthu kukhala akumaponyedwa m’moto. Koma maphiphiritso akupezeka kaŵirikaŵiri m’Baibulo. Chotero, kodi motowo ndiweniweni kapena ndiwophiphiritsira? Ndipo ngati uli wophiphiritsira, kodi uwo ukuimira chiyani?

Mwachitsanzo, pa Chivumbulutso mutu 20, ndime 15 (King James Version), pamati: “Aliyense yemwe sanapezedwe kukhala atalembedwa m’bukhu la moyo anaponyedwa m’nyanja ya moto.” Koma ndime 14 imati: “Ndipo imfa ndi helo zinaponyedwa m’nyanja ya moto.” Nzachilendo! Kodi helo weniweniyo adzazunzidwa? Ndipo kodi ndimotani mmene imfa, mkhalidwe, ingaponyedwere m’moto weniweni? Mbali yotsala yonse ya ndime imawerengedwa motere: “Imeneyi [nyanja ya moyo] ndiyo imfa yachiŵiri.” Chivumbulutso 21, ndime 8, chimabwereza mfundoyi, kodi nchiyani chimene chiri “imfa yachiŵiri” imeneyi? Jerusalem Bible Lachikatolika limawonjezera mawu amtsinde awa ponena za “imfa yachiŵiri” kuti: “Imfa yamuyaya. Moto umenewo . . . ngwophiphiritsira.” Nzowona kotheratu, pakuti umaphiphiritsira chiwonongeko chotheratu, kapena kuthetsedwa.

Ha mmene kuliri kokondweretsa nanga! “Helo” adzawonongedwa! Komabe, wonani kuti, liwu Lachigiriki logwiritsiridwa ntchito panopa ndilo Hade, limene, mogwirizana ndi Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible la Strong, limatanthauza “manda.” Kodi akufa amadziwa kapena akuvutika m’helo, kapena Hade? Baibulo limayankha kuti: “Akufa sadziwa kanthu . . . pakuti simudzakhala mwina ntchito, kapena kulingalira, kapena nzeru, kapena chidziwitso m’helo, kumene ukufulumira kupita.”—Mlaliki 9:5, 10, Douay Version Lachikatolika.

Kodi akufa amakhala chikhalirebe m’Hade? Ayi. Yesu mwiniyo anali m’Hade, kapena helo, koma “anaukitsidwa tsiku lachitatu,” monga momwe ponse paŵiri mawu atchalitchi ndi Abaibulo amaphunzitsira. (1 Akorinto 15:4; Machitidwe 2:29-32; Salmo 16:10) Ndiponso, kupyolera mwa iye “kudzakhala kuuka kwa olungama ndi osalungama.” (Machitidwe 24:15) Chotero Hade potsirizira pake adzachotsedwera okhala mwa iye ndi kuleka kukhalako—‘kuponyedwa m’nyanja ya moto.’

Komabe, ena angafunse kuti: ‘Kodi nchifukwa ninji Chivumbulutso 20, ndime 10, chimanena kuti Mdyerekezi adzazunzidwa m’nyanja yamoto?’ Monga momwe tawonera, ngati nyanja ya moto iri yophiphiritsira, pamenepa, mwachiwonekere, chizunzocho chirinso chimodzimodzi.

M’nthawi Zabaibulo, osunga ndende kaŵirikaŵiri anazunza andende awo mwankhanza, chotero iwo anali kutchedwa kuti “ozunza.” Mu limodzi la mafanizo ake, Yesu analankhula za kapolo wankhanza kukhala ‘akumaperekedwa kwa osunga ndende’ (Chigiriki ba·sa·ni·stesʹ, zimene kwenikweni zimatanthauza “ozunza” ndipo limatembenizidwa motero m’matembenuzidwe angapo). (Mateyu 18:34) Chotero pamene Chivumbulutso chimalankhula za Mdyerekezi ndi ena kukhala ‘akumazunzidwa . . . kosatha’ m’nyanja yamoto, chimatanthauza kuti iwo ‘adzamangidwa’ ku umuyaya wonse m’imfa yachiwiri ya chiwonongeko chotheratu. Mdyerekezi, imfa yolandiridwa kuchokera kwa Adamu, ndi oipa osalapawo onsewo akunenedwa kukhala akumawonongedwa kosatha—‘akumamangidwa’ m’nyanja yamoto.—Yerekezerani ndi Ahebri 2:14; 1 Akorinto 15:26; Salmo 37:38.

Kuzindikira maphiphiritsiro Abaibulo kumatithandiza kumvetsetsa chimene Yesu anatanthauza pamene iye analankhula za ochimwa kukhala ‘akumaponyedwa m’moto wa helo: Kumene mphutsi yawo siifa, ndipo moto suzimidwa.’ (Marko 9:47, 48, KJ) Liwu Lachigiriki logwiritsiridwa ntchito panopa, lotembenuzidwa kukhala ‘moto wa helo,’ ndilo geʹen·na, kapena Gehena. Chigwa chokhala ndi dzina limenelo chinali kunja chapafupi ndi Yerusalemu ndipo chinali kugwiritsiridwa ntchito monga kotayira zinyalala. Moto unatentha masana ndi usiku kumeneko kuwononga zinyalala za m’mzindamo. Zimenezi, panthawi zina, zinaphatikizapo mitembo ya apandu olingaliridwa kukhala osayenera kuikidwa m’manda koyenera kapena osayenera chiukiriro. Mphutsi nazonso zinalimo m’chigwacho monga zinthu zowononga, koma izo mosakaikira sizinali zosakhoza kufa! Yesu anali kokha kuyerekezera mofanizira, mwanjira yomvetsetseka bwino lomwe ndi Ayuda, kuti oipa osalapa akawonongedwa kosatha. Chotero, Gehena ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana monga “nyanja ya moto”—amaimira imfa yachiwiri ya chiwonongeko chosatha.

Chiphunzitso cha chizunzo chamuyaya chinazikidwa pa chiphunzitso cha kusafa kwa moyo. Komabe, Baibulo limafotokoza mwachimvekere kuti: “Moyo wochimwayo ndiwo udzafa.” (Ezekieri 18:4, 20; Wonaninso Machitidwe 3:23.) Olengeza helo wamoto apangitsa Mulungu wowona, Yehova, kuwonekera kukhala woipa kwambiri—chirombo cholusa—mmalo mwa kukhala zimene iye ali: Mulungu wachikondi, “wachifundo ndi wachisomo, . . . ndi waukoma mtima wochuluka.”—Eksodo 34:6.

Mwachikondi, Mulungu wapanga makonzedwe a kupulumutsa anthu, osati kuchokera kuchizunzo, koma kuchokera kuchiwonongeko. Yesu anati: “Mulungu anakonda dziko kwambiri chakuti iye anapereka Mwana wake wobadwa yekha, mmalo mwakuti aliyense wosonyeza chikhulupiriro mwa iye asawonongedwe koma akhale nawo moyo wosatha.”—Yohane 3:16, NW.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 19]

Ozunza anakhulupirira kuti kuzunza kwawo kowopsako kunali kupulumutsa ochimwa kuchoikidwiratu choipitsitsa

[Chithunzi patsamba 18]

Kufikira m’nthawi zaposachedwepa, pafupifupi Dziko Lachikristu lonse linakhulupirira m’malo onga awa