Gutsindagiriza amagambo uko bikwiriye

IYO uvuga cyangwa usomera abandi, ni iby’ingenzi ko utajya uvuga amagambo uko bikwiriye gusa, ahubwo ko wajya unatsindagiriza amagambo y’ingenzi hamwe n’interuro zikubiyemo ibitekerezo mu buryo butuma wumvikanisha neza ibitekerezo.

Gutsindagiriza amagambo uko bikwiriye bikubiyemo ibirenze ibi byo gutsindagiriza amagambo make cyangwa menshi. Amagambo akwiriye ni yo ugomba gutsindagiriza. Iyo utsindagirije amagambo adakwiriye, icyo ushaka kumvisha abateze amatwi gishobora kubabera urujijo, bityo bakaba bakwerekeza ibitekerezo ahandi. N’iyo ibyo uvuga byaba ari byiza, kubivuga udatsindagiriza uko bikwiriye bituma utagira icyo ugeraho kigaragara mu gushishikariza abateze amatwi kugira icyo bakora.

Gutsindagiriza bishobora gukorwa mu buryo bwinshi, akenshi bukaba bukoresherezwa hamwe. Ushobora kongera ijwi, ukarushaho kugaragaza ibyiyumvo, ukavuga witonze nta kikwirukansa, ukaruhuka mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kuvuga igitekerezo (cyangwa hombi), ukanakoresha ibimenyetso by’umubiri n’isura yo mu maso. Mu ndimi zimwe na zimwe, umuntu ashobora no gutsindagiriza binyuriye mu kugabanya ijwi cyangwa kuryongera. Uburyo uzifashisha mu gutsindagiriza, buzaterwa n’ibyo uzaba uvuga n’imimerere uzabivugamo.

Igihe utoranya ibyo ugomba gutsindagiriza, jya wita kuri ibi bikurikira: (1) mu nteruro iyo ari yo yose, amagambo agomba gutsindagirizwa ntagaragazwa gusa n’interuro arimo, ahubwo nanone agaragazwa n’icyo interuro ziyakikije zivuga. (2) Umuntu ashobora gutsindagiriza amagambo ashaka kugaragaza aho ikindi gitekerezo gitangiriye, wenda igihe yinjiye mu yindi ngingo y’ingenzi cyangwa se igihe ahinduye ibitekerezo mu ngingo imwe. Nanone ashobora gutsindagiriza amagambo igihe asoza igitekerezo. (3) Utanga disikuru ashobora gutsindagiriza amagambo yihariye agira ngo agaragaze icyo atekereza ku kintu runaka. (4) Nanone ashobora gutsindagiriza amagambo akwiriye agira ngo agaragaze ingingo z’ingenzi zikubiye muri disikuru ye.

Kugira ngo utanga disikuru atsindagirize amagambo akoresheje ubwo buryo, agomba kuba asobanukiwe neza ibyo azavuga kandi yifuza rwose ko abazaba bamuteze amatwi na bo babyumva. Ku bihereranye n’inyigisho zatanzwe mu gihe cya Ezira, muri Nehemiya 8:8 hagira hati “basoma mu gitabo amategeko y’Imana gusoma kumvikana, barasobanura kugira ngo abantu bamenye ibyasomwaga.” Biragaragara ko muri icyo gihe, abo basomaga kandi bagasobanura Amategeko y’Imana bari basobanukiwe akamaro ko gufasha abateze amatwi gusobanukirwa icyo ibyasomwaga byasobanuraga, kubifata mu mutwe no kubishyira mu bikorwa.

Gutsindagiriza bidakwiriye. Mu biganiro bisanzwe bya buri munsi, abantu benshi bajya bashobora kumvikanisha neza ibyo bashaka kuvuga. Icyakora, iyo basoma ibintu byanditswe n’undi muntu, kumenya amagambo bagomba gutsindagiriza bishobora kubabera ikibazo cy’ingorabahizi. Umuti w’icyo kibazo ni ugusobanukirwa neza iyo nyandiko. Ibyo bisaba ko bayiga bitonze. Bityo, igihe usabwe gusoma ikintu runaka mu materaniro y’itorero, wagombye kubanza kwitegura neza.

Hari abantu bapfa “gutsindagiriza amagambo nyuma y’igihe runaka” aho gutsindagiriza ibitekerezo. Babikora batabanje kureba niba koko iryo jambo ryagombaga gutsindagirizwa. Abandi bo batsindagiriza amagambo runaka yihariye, wenda bakabya gutsindagiriza za mbanza hamwe n’ibyungo. Iyo utsindagirije nta gitekerezo kigaragara ushaka kumvikanisha neza, uba urangaza abandi.

Hari bamwe batanga disikuru bajya gutsindagiriza bakongera ijwi ku buryo abateze amatwi bumva ari nko kubatuka. Ibyo ariko ntibikunze kugira ingaruka nziza. Iyo utanga disikuru atsindagiriza mu buryo budakwiriye, hari igihe abamuteze amatwi batekereza ko yabasuzuguye. Mbega ukuntu byarushaho kuba byiza agiye atanga disikuru abagaragariza urukundo, kandi akabafasha kubona ko ibyo ababwira bishingiye ku Byanditswe kandi ko bihuje n’ubwenge!

Uko wakwivugurura. Akenshi, umuntu ufite ikibazo mu bihereranye no gutsindagiriza uko bikwiriye ntaba abyiyiziho. Bishobora kuba ngombwa ko hagira undi muntu ubimumenyesha. Niba ukeneye kwivugurura kuri iyo ngingo, umugenzuzi w’ishuri azabigufashamo. Nanone ntugatinye kwaka inama undi muntu uwo ari we wese umenyereye gutanga disikuru. Musabe gutega amatwi yitonze uko usoma n’uko uvuga, hanyuma akugire inama mu bihereranye n’uko wagira amajyambere.

Mu gutangira, umujyanama wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kwifashisha ingingo runaka yo mu Munara w’Umurinzi kugira ngo uyitorezeho. Nta gushidikanya ko azagusaba gusuzuma buri nteruro kugira ngo utahure amagambo ugomba gutsindagiriza, kugira ngo igitekerezo cyumvikane nta ngorane. Ashobora kukwibutsa ko ugomba kwita mu buryo bwihariye ku magambo amwe n’amwe yanditswe mu nyuguti ziberamye. Zirikana ko amagambo yo mu nteruro aba yuzuzanya. Incuro nyinshi, usanga aho gutsindagiriza ijambo rimwe ukwaryo, ugomba gutsindagiriza amatsinda y’amagambo. Mu ndimi zimwe na zimwe, abanyeshuri bashobora guterwa inkunga yo kwitondera cyane icyo amasaku agaragaza ku bihereranye n’ahantu hakwiriye gutsindagirizwa.

Intambwe ikurikiraho kugira ngo umenye aho uzajya utsindagiriza, ni iy’uko umujyanama wawe ashobora kugusaba kugenzura interuro zose aho kureba interuro imwe imwe. Ni ikihe gitekerezo kigaruka muri paragarafu yose? Ni gute ibyo byagombye kugira uruhare mu bihereranye n’icyo wagombye gutsindagiriza muri buri nteruro? Reba umutwe w’ingingo isuzumwa hamwe n’agatwe gato ibyo usoma bibonekamo. Ni uruhe ruhare ibyo byagombye kugira mu bihereranye n’amagambo ugomba gutsindagiriza? Ibyo byose ni ibintu ugomba kwitaho. Icyakora, ugomba kwirinda gutsindagiriza amagambo menshi cyane.

Waba utanga disikuru udasoma cyangwa usoma, umujyanama wawe ashobora no kugutera inkunga yo kujya utsindagiriza amagambo ukurikije igitekerezo ushaka kumvikanisha. Ugomba kumenya aho ibitekerezo byawe bigiye birangirira cyangwa aho buri gitekerezo cy’ingenzi kirangirira hagatangira ikindi. Abateze amatwi bazishima nubereka aho hantu hose. Ibyo ushobora kubikora utsindagiriza amagambo nka mbere na mbere, icyakora, birumvikana ko, bityo na ku rundi ruhande.

Nanone, umujyanama wawe azakwereka ibitekerezo ukwiriye kuvugana ibyiyumvo byihariye. Ibyo ubikora utsindagiriza amagambo nka cyane, nta kabuza, ntibyumvikana, ntibishoboka, ni ngombwa na ubudasiba. Kubigenza utyo bishobora kugira uruhare ku kuntu abateze amatwi bazitabira ibyo ubabwira. Hari byinshi bizavugwa kuri iyo ngingo mu Isomo rya 11, ku mutwe uvuga ngo “Ibyishimo hamwe n’ibyiyumvo.”

Kugira ngo unonosore uburyo bwawe bwo gutsindagiriza ibitekerezo, nanone uzaterwa inkunga yo kumenya neza ingingo z’ingenzi wifuza ko abateze amatwi bazirikana. Ibyo bizitabwaho mu buryo burambuye mu Isomo rya 7, rifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Gutsindagiriza ibitekerezo by’ingenzi,” ryerekeza ku gusomera abandi, no mu Isomo rya 37 rifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Kugaragaza ingingo z’ingenzi,” ryerekeza ku kuvuga.

Niba wihatira kunonosora uburyo bwawe bwo kubwiriza, byaba byiza witaye mu buryo bwihariye ku kuntu usoma imirongo y’Ibyanditswe. Gira akamenyero ko kujya wibaza uti ‘kuki ngiye gusoma uyu murongo?’ Ku mwigisha, kuvuga amagambo uko bikwiriye si ko buri gihe biba bihagije. Ndetse hari n’igihe gusoma imirongo ugaragaza ibyiyumvo ubwabyo biba bidahagije. Iyo usubiza ikibazo runaka cyangwa iyo wigisha umuntu ukuri kw’ibanze, biba byiza iyo ugiye utsindagiriza amagambo yo mu murongo w’Ibyanditswe ashyigikira ibyo muganiraho. Iyo utabigenje utyo, uwo usomera ashobora kutumva icyo ushaka kuvuga.

Kubera ko gutsindagiriza amagambo bikubiyemo kongera ijwi ku magambo runaka, umuntu utamenyereye gutanga disikuru ashobora kujya ayatsindagiriza cyane birenze urugero. Mu rugero runaka, yamera nk’umuntu utangiye kwiga gucurangisha igikoresho runaka cya muzika. Icyakora, binyuriye mu gukora imyitozo myinshi, ya “majwi” anyuranye ashobora kuzavamo “umuzika” unogeye amatwi kandi ufite icyo usobanura.

Numara kumenya ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’ibanze, uzashobora kuvana isomo ku bantu bamenyereye gutanga disikuru. Ntuzatinda kwibonera ko hari ibintu byinshi ushobora kugeraho binyuriye mu gutsindagiriza amagambo mu rugero rutandukanye. Nanone uzabona ko gukoresha uburyo bunyuranye bwo gutsindagiriza amagambo kugira ngo ibyo uvuga bisobanuke neza ari iby’ingirakamaro. Kwitoza gutsindagiriza amagambo uko bikwiriye bizagira uruhare rugaragara mu gutuma urushaho kugira icyo ugeraho igihe uzaba wisomera n’igihe uzaba uvuga.

Mu bihereranye no gutsindagiriza amagambo, ntukitoze gusa ibyo wumva ukeneye kugira ngo usome mu buryo bwakwihanganirwa. Niba ushaka kugira icyo ugeraho igihe uvuga, komeza kwitoza kugeza igihe uzuzuriza ingingo ivuga ibyo gutsindagiriza amagambo kandi ukaba ushobora kubikora mu buryo bunogeye amatwi y’abakumva.