Ibibazo by’Abasomyi

Mbese, inyuguti enye z’Igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana (“Tétragramme”) ziboneka mu nyandiko y’Igiheburayo y’Ivanjiri ya Matayo, zaba zarandukuwe n’umuganga w’Umuyahudi wo mu kinyejana cya 14 witwaga Shem-Tob ben Isaac Ibn Shaprut?

Oya rwose. Icyakora, iyo nyandiko ya Matayo ikoresha ijambo hash·Shem’ incuro 19, (ryaba ryanditswe ryose uko ryakabaye cyangwa mu magambo ahinnye), nk’uko byagaragajwe mu Munara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Nzeri 1996, ku ipaji ya 11.

Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo hash·Shem’, risobanurwa ngo “Izina,” rikaba nta gushidikanya ryerekeza ku izina ry’Imana. Urugero: mu nyandiko ya Shem-Tob, imvugo ihinnye y’ijambo hash·Shem’ iboneka muri Matayo 3:3, aho Matayo yandukuye amagambo aboneka muri Yesaya 40:3. Bihuje n’ubwenge kwemeza ko mu gihe Matayo yandukuraga umurongo wo mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo ahaboneka inyuguti enye z’Igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana (Tétragramme), yinjije izina ry’Imana mu Ivanjiri ye. Bityo rero, n’ubwo inyandiko y’Igiheburayo yatanzwe na Shem-Tob idakoresha inyuguti enye z’Igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana (Tétragramme), kuba ikoresha ijambo “Izina,” nko muri Matayo 3:3, bishyigikira imikoreshereze y’izina “Yehova” mu Byanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo.

Shem-Tob yandukuye inyandiko y’Igiheburayo y’Ivanjiri ya Matayo mu gitabo cye cyari kigamije kurwanya ibitekerezo by’abandi, cyitwa ʼEʹven boʹchan. None se, iyo nyandiko y’Igiheburayo yari yarakomotse he? Umwarimu wo muri kaminuza witwa George Howard wakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bihereranye n’icyo kibazo, yavuze ko “inyandiko ya Matayo ya Shem-Tob yo mu rurimi rw’Igiheburayo, yanditswe mu gihe runaka cyo mu binyejana bine bibanza, mu gihe cy’Ubukristo.”a Hari abandi bashobora kutemeranya na we kuri ibyo.

Howard agira ati “inyandiko y’Igiheburayo ya Matayo yashyizwe muri icyo gitabo [cya Shem-Tob], irangwa cyane cyane n’ibintu byinshi itandukaniyeho n’inyandiko yemewe ya Matayo yo mu rurimi rw’Ikigiriki.” Urugero, dukurikije inyandiko ya Shem-Tob, Yesu yerekeje kuri Yohana agira ati “ndababwira ukuri yuko mu babyawe n’abagore hatigeze kubaho umuntu uruta Yohana umubatiza.” Isimbuka andi magambo ya Yesu agira ati “ariko umuto mu bwami bwo mu ijuru aramuruta” (Matayo 11:11). Mu buryo runaka nk’ubwo, hari itandukaniro rinini hagati y’inyandiko y’Igiheburayo iriho muri iki gihe y’Ibyanditswe bya Giheburayo, n’amagambo y’inyandiko ihuje n’iyo iboneka mu buhinduzi bw’Ikigiriki bwitwa La Septante. N’ubwo tubona ko hariho iryo tandukaniro, izo nyandiko za kera zifite umwanya runaka mu bihereranye n’ubushakashatsi bwo kugereranya ibintu n’ibindi.

Nk’uko byigeze kuvugwa, inyandiko ya Matayo ya Shem-Tob, ikubiyemo ijambo “Izina,” aho usanga hari impamvu zihagije zo kwemera ko koko Matayo yakoresheje inyuguti enye z’Igiheburayo zigize izina ry’Imana (Tétragramme). Ni yo mpamvu kuva mu mwaka wa 1950, inyandiko ya Shem-Tob yagiye ikoreshwa mu gushyigikira imikoreshereze y’izina ry’Imana mu Byanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo, kandi na n’ubu iracyerekezwaho muri Bibiliya yitwa The New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures​—With References.b

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]