Ibitabo byakoreshejwe mu Gatabo k’Iteraniro ry’Umurimo
5-11 NYAKANGA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 11-12
“Yehova yifuza ko tumusenga dute?”
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Ubugingo
Gukorana ubugingo bwawe bwose. Ubusanzwe ijambo “ubugingo” ryumvikanisha umuntu wese uko yakabaye. Ariko hari imirongo yo muri Bibiliya idushishikariza gukunda Imana no kuyikorera n’‘umutima wacu wose n’ubugingo bwacu bwose’ (Gut 4:29; 11:13, 18). Mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 6:5 na ho hagira hati: “Ukundishe Yehova Imana yawe umutima wawe wose n’ubugingo bwawe bwose n’imbaraga zawe zose.” Yesu na we yavuze ko ari iby’ingenzi gukorana ubugingo bwacu bwose n’imbaraga zacu zose, yongeraho ‘n’ubwenge bwacu bwose’ (Mr 12:30; Lk 10:27). None se niba ijambo ubugingo risobanura umuntu wese uko yakabaye, kuki barikoresha bakongeraho ibyo bintu bindi byose? Dore urugero rwadufasha kubyumva: umuntu ashobora kwigurisha (ubugingo bwe) ngo abe umugaragu wa shebuja n’umutungo we. Icyakora ashobora kudakorera shebuja n’umutima we wose ngo amukorere agamije kumushimisha maze ntamukorere n’imbaraga ze zose n’ubwenge bwe bwose ngo ateze imbere inyungu ze. (Gereranya na Ef 6:5; Kl 3:22.) Uko bigaragara rero, ibyo bintu byose babyongeraho kugira ngo byibutse Umukristo ko agomba kubizirikana mu murimo akorera Imana kuko ari umugaragu wayo no mu murimo akorera Kristo, we watuguze amaraso y’agaciro kenshi. Gukorera Imana n’“ubugingo bwacu bwose,” bikubiyemo kuyikorera wese uko wakabaye n’ubushobozi bwawe n’ibyiyumvo byawe byose.—Gereranya na Mt 5:28-30; Lk 21:34-36; Ef 6:6-9; Fp 3:19; Kl 3:23, 24.
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Igicaniro
Abisirayeli bari barahawe itegeko ryo gusenya ibicaniro by’imana z’ibinyoma, inkingi zera z’amabuye n’iz’ibiti, zabaga ziri iruhande rwabyo (Kv 34:13; Gut 7:5, 6; 12:1-3). Ntibagombaga kubaka ibicaniro nk’ibyo cyangwa ngo babitwikireho abana babo, nk’uko Abanyakanani babigenzaga (Gut 12:30, 31; 16:21). Abisirayeli ntibagombaga kugira ibicaniro byinshi, ahubwo bagombaga kugira igicaniro kimwe gusa cyo gusengeraho Imana imwe y’ukuri kandi cyagombaga kubakwa ahantu Yehova yari gutoranya. (Gut 12:2-6, 13, 14, 27; ibyo byari bitandukanye n’i Babuloni, aho imanakazi imwe yitwaga Ishitari yari ifite ibicaniro 180.) Abisirayeli bamaze kwambuka uruzi rwa Yorodani, babanje guhabwa itegeko ryo kubaka igicaniro bakoresheje amabuye adaconze (Gut 27:4-8). Yosuwa ni we wubatse icyo gicaniro, acyubaka ku musozi wa Ebali (Ys 8:30-32). Abisirayeli bamaze kugabana igihugu bigaruriye, umuryango w’Abarubeni, Abagadi n’igice cy’abagize umuryango wa Manase, bubatse igicaniro kinini cyane hafi ya Yorodani. Icyo gicaniro cyatumye bagirana amakimbirane n’abagize indi miryango. Icyakora igihe iyo miryango yamenyaga ko bacyubatse batagamije kwigomeka kuri Yehova, ahubwo ko cyari urwibutso rw’uko bari gukomeza kubera Yehova indahemuka, ayo makimbirane yahise ashira.—Ys 22:10-34.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Umusozi wa Gerizimu
Abisirayeli bamaze kwigarurira umugi wa Ayi, bakurikije amabwiriza Mose yari yaratanze, bateranira ku musozi wa Gerizimu na Ebali bayobowe na Yosuwa. Aho ni ho Abisirayeli basomewe imigisha bari kubona iyo bumvira Yehova n’imivumo yari kubageraho iyo batamwumvira. Abo mu muryango wa Simeyoni, uwa Lewi, uwa Yuda, uwa Isakari, uwa Yozefu n’uwa Benyamini bahagaze imbere y’umusozi wa Gerizimu. Abalewi n’isanduku y’isezerano bari muri icyo kibaya, indi miryango itandatu ihagaze imbere y’umusozi wa Ebali (Gut 11:29, 30; 27:11-13; Ys 8:28-35). Uko bigaragara, iyo Yosuwa yasomaga imigisha, yabaga yitegeye umusozi wa Gerizimu maze imiryango yari aho igasubiza. Nanone iyo yasomaga imivumo, yabaga yitegeye umusozi wa Ebali maze imiryango yari aho na yo igasubiza. Nubwo Bibiliya nta cyo ibivugaho, birashoboka ko impamvu yatumye asoma imigisha yitegeye umusozi wa Gerizimu, ari uko uwo musozi wari mwiza cyane kandi ufite ubutaka burumbuka, uwugereranyije n’umusozi wa Ebali wari uriho ibibuye bihanamye kandi udafite ubutaka burumbuka. Yosuwa yasomeye ayo Mategeko “imbere y’iteraniro ryose ry’Abisirayeli, harimo abagore n’abana n’abimukira babaga muri bo” (Ys 8:35). Nubwo Abisirayeli bari imbere y’imisozi itandukanye kandi ari benshi cyane, bashoboraga kumva ayo mategeko. Ibyo bishobora kuba byaratewe n’imiterere y’aho hantu yatumaga ijwi rigera kure.
12-18 NYAKANGA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 13-15
“Amategeko yagaragazaga ko Yehova yita ku bakene”
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Icya cumi
Birashoboka ko hari ikindi cya cumi Abisirayeli batangaga buri mwaka gitandukanye na cya kindi cyari kigenewe gufasha abatambyi b’Abalewi, nubwo na cyo Abalewi babaga bagifiteho umugabane. Ubusanzwe, icyo cya cumi cyari kigenewe ahanini gufasha imiryango y’Abisirayeli iyo yabaga iteraniye hamwe mu minsi mikuru y’iryo shyanga. Iyo byabaga bigoye kujyana icyo cya cumi i Yerusalemu bitewe n’urugendo rurerure, abagize umuryango bakivunjagamo amafaranga maze bakazayakoresha bagura ibyo bakeneye mu gihe bari kuba bageze i Yerusalemu mu iteraniro ryera (Gut 12:4-7, 11, 17, 18; 14:22-27). Iyo hashiraga imyaka irindwi, Abisirayeli bizihizaga Isabato. Ku iherezo ry’umwaka wa gatatu n’uwa gatandatu muri iyo myaka irindwi, Abisirayeli ntibakoreshaga icyo cya cumi bagura ibyo bakeneye mu minsi mikuru, ahubwo bagikoreshaga bafasha Abalewi, abimukira, imfubyi n’abapfakazi bo mu migi yabo.—Gut 14:28, 29; 26:12.
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Umwaka w’Isabato
Umwaka w’Isabato witwaga “umwaka wo guhara imyenda [hash·shemit·tahʹ]” (Gut 15:9; 31:10). Muri uwo mwaka ubutaka bwararuhukaga kuko butahingwaga (Kv 23: 11).Nanone habagaho ikiruhuko kuko abantu bahariraga bagenzi babo imyenda babarimo. Ibyo byaheshaga Yehova ikuzo. Nubwo abantu batabibona kimwe, hari abasobanura Bibiliya bavuga ko Umwisirayeli wabaga yaragurije mugenzi we, atamuhariraga uwo mwenda burundu, ahubwo ko yirindaga kumuhatira kumwishyura kandi muri uwo mwaka atarahinze. Icyakora yashoboraga kwishyuza umunyamahanga (Gut 15:1-3). Hari ba rabi bavuga ko iyo Umwisirayeli yagurizaga mugenzi we w’umukene agamije kumufasha, yamuhariraga uwo mwenda, ariko ko atari ko byagendaga iyo wabaga ari umwenda wo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi. Bakomeza bavuga ko mu kinyejana cya mbere uwitwa Hillel yashyizeho gahunda y’uko utanze umwenda yashoboraga kujya mu rukiko rukemeza ko awutanze.
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Umugaragu
Amategeko yagengaga umugaragu na shebuja. Muri Isirayeli, amategeko yagengaga umugaragu w’Umwisirayeli yari atandukanye n’ayagengaga umugaragu w’umunyamahanga n’umwimukira. Umugaragu utari Umwisirayeli yakomezaga kuba umutungo wa shebuja, we n’abamukomokagaho (Lw 25:44-46). Umugaragu w’Umwisirayeli yagombaga guhabwa umudendezo mu mwaka wa karindwi amaze ari umugaragu, cyangwa mu mwaka wa Yubile bitewe n’icyabaga mbere. Igihe Umwisirayeli yamaraga ari umugaragu yafatwaga nk’umukozi ukorera ibihembo (Kv 21:2; Lw 25:10; Gut 15:12). Iyo Umwisirayeli yigurishaga ku mwimukira, kuri umwe mu bagize umuryango w’uwo mwimukira cyangwa ku munyamahanga ngo amubere umugaragu, yashoboraga gucungurwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, yaba ari we wicunguye cyangwa acunguwe n’undi muntu ubifitiye uburenganzira. Igiciro k’iyo nshungu cyagenwaga hakurikijwe imyaka yabaga isigaye ngo umwaka wa Yubile ube, cyangwa iyabaga isigaye ngo yuzuze imyaka irindwi ari umugaragu (Lw 25:47-52; Gut 15:12). Iyo umugaragu w’Umwisirayeli yahabwaga umudendezo, shebuja yagombaga kumuha impano yari kumufasha gutangira ubuzima (Gut 15:13-15). Iyo Umwisirayeli yabaga umugaragu afite umugore, iyo yahabwaga umudendezo barajyanaga. Icyakora iyo uwo mugore yabaga yaramuhawe na shebuja (uko bigaragara akaba yari umugore w’umunyamahanga utaragombaga guhabwa umudendezo mu mwaka wa karindwi), uwo mugore n’abana be bakomezaga kuba umutungo wa shebuja. Iyo byabaga bimeze bityo, hari igihe umugaragu w’Umwisirayeli yashoboraga guhitamo kuguma kwa shebuja. Icyo gihe shebuja yafata uruhindu akamutobora ugutwi, maze akazaba umugaragu we iteka ryose.—Kv 21:2-6; Gut 15:16, 17.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Ibibazo by’abasomyi
Ni irihe somo dushobora kuvana ku itegeko riboneka mu Kuva 23:19, rigira riti “ntugatekeshe umwana w’ihene amahenehene ya nyina”?
Iryo tegeko riri mu Mategeko ya Mose riboneka muri Bibiliya incuro eshatu, rishobora kudufasha kwiyumvisha ukuntu Yehova abona ibikwiriye ibyo ari byo, ukuntu arangwa n’impuhwe n’ukuntu yita ku bandi. Iryo tegeko nanone rigaragaza ukuntu Yehova yanga urunuka ugusenga kw’ikinyoma.—Kuva 34:26; Gutegeka 14:21.
Gutekesha umwana w’ihene cyangwa irindi tungo iryo ari ryo ryose amata ya nyina, byaba binyuranyije na gahunda kamere Yehova yateganyije y’ukuntu ibintu bigomba kugenda. Imana yateganyije ko amahenehene azajya atunga umwana w’ihene kandi akaba ari yo amukuza. Nk’uko intiti imwe yabivuze, gutekesha umwana w’ihene amahenehene ya nyina, byaba ari “ugupfobya isano ryera Imana yashyize hagati y’umwana [w’ihene] na nyina.”
Nanone kandi, hari bamwe bagaragaje ko gutekesha umwana w’ihene amahenehene ya nyina wari umugenzo wa gipagani wakorwaga kugira ngo bagushe imvura. Niba gutekesha umwana w’ihene amahenehene ya nyina wari umugenzo wa gipagani, kubuza Abisirayeli kubikora byari kubafasha kwirinda ibikorwa by’ubugome kandi bitarangwa n’ubwenge by’amadini yo mu mahanga yari abakikije. Mu Mategeko ya Mose harimo amagambo yumvikana neza yabuzaga Abisirayeli gukurikiza imihango y’ayo mahanga.—Abalewi 20:23.
Nanone kandi, iryo tegeko ryihariye rigaragaza ukuntu Yehova afite impuhwe zirangwa n’ubwuzu. Mu by’ukuri, mu Mategeko harimo amategeko menshi ameze nka ririya yabuzaga Abisirayeli kubabaza inyamaswa urubozo, kandi akabarinda gukora ibintu binyuranye na gahunda kamere yashyizweho n’umuremyi. Urugero, muri ayo Mategeko harimo iribuzanya gutamba itungo ritaramarana na nyina nibura iminsi irindwi, hakabamo iribuzanya kwicira rimwe itungo n’abana baryo n’iribuzanya gutwarana inyoni iri mu cyari n’amagi yayo cyangwa n’ibyana byayo.—Abalewi 22:27, 28; Gutegeka 22:6, 7.
Uko bigaragara, Amategeko ya Mose ntiyari akubiyemo gusa urusobe rw’ibyo Abisirayeli bategekwaga gukora n’ibyo bategekwaga kwirinda. Ahubwo imwe mu nyungu duheshwa n’ayo Mategeko, ni uko amahame arimo adufasha kugira imico myiza ituma tuba abantu barangwa n’imico ya Yehova ihebuje.—Zaburi 19:8-12.
19-25 NYAKANGA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 16-18
“Amahame yafasha umuntu guca imanza zitabera”
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Ubuhumyi
Kuba abaturage batarahabwaga ubutabera byagereranyijwe n’ubuhumyi bw’abacamanza. Amategeko yabuzaga abacamanza kurya ruswa, kwakira impano no kugira urwikekwe kuko byashoboraga kubahuma amaso ntibace imanza zihuje n’ubutabera. Bibiliya igira iti: “Impongano zihuma amaso abacamanza beza” (Kv 23:8). “Impongano ihuma amaso abanyabwenge” (Gut 16:19). N’iyo umucamanza yaba akoresha ukuri kandi arangwa n’ubushishozi, impano yahawe n’ababurana zishobora gutuma afata imyanzuro idahuje n’ukuri, yaba abizi cyangwa atabizi. Amategeko y’Imana ntiyavugaga ko impano ari yo yonyine yayobya umucamanza, ahubwo yavuze ko n’amarangamutima ashobora kubigiramo uruhare. Amategeko yagiraga ati: “Ntukabere umukene cyangwa ngo utoneshe umuntu ukomeye” (Lw 19:15). Ubwo rero, umucamanza ntiyagombaga kurenganya umukire bitewe gusa n’ubukire bwe, agendeye ku marangamutima cyangwa agamije gushimisha rubanda.—Kv 23:2, 3.
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Imibare
Kabiri. Umubare kabiri ukunze kugaragara mu birebana n’imanza. Ibyemejwe n’abantu babiri byatumaga ubuhamya bwatanzwe burushaho kugira imbaraga. Kugira ngo abacamanza bakire ikirego, byasabaga ko habaho abatangabuhamya babiri cyangwa batatu. Iryo ni na ryo hame rigikurikizwa mu itorero rya gikristo (Gut 17:6; 19:15; Mt 18:16; 2Kr 13:1; 1Tm 5:19; Hb 10:28). Imana na yo yakurikije iryo hame igihe yamenyeshaga abantu ko Umwana wayo ari we wari kuzabacungura. Yesu yaravuze ati: “Mu Mategeko yanyu haranditswe ngo ‘ubuhamya bw’abantu babiri ni ubw’ukuri.’ Ni jye uhamya ibyanjye kandi na Data wantumye ahamya ibyanjye.”—Yh 8:17, 18.
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Umutambyi
Abatambyi ni bo mbere na mbere bari bafite inshingano yo gusobanura amategeko y’Imana kandi bari bafite umwanya ukomeye mu bucamanza bwo muri Isirayeli. Mu migi Abatambyi bari barahawe bafashaga abacamanza. Nanone bafatanyaga n’abacamanza kugira ngo basuzume imanza zabaga zikomeye cyane zirenze ubushobozi bw’inkiko zo muri ako gace (Gut 17:8, 9). Iyo habaga hari umuntu wapfuye ariko uwamwishe ntamenyekane, abatambyi bafatanyaga n’abakuru b’umugi kugira ngo bemeze ko amabwiriza yose yakurikijwe, bityo umugi ntugibweho umwenda w’amaraso (Gut 21:1, 2, 5). Iyo umugabo yashinjaga umugore we ko amuca inyuma, umugore bamujyanaga mu rusengero maze umutambyi agakora umuhango wo kugaragaza uko Yehova abona uwo mugore, niba ari umwere cyangwa ahamwa n’icyaha maze Yehova akaba ari we umucira urubanza (Kb 5:11-31). Imyanzuro yafatwaga mu manza zaciwe n’abatambyi cyangwa abacamanza yagombaga kubahwa kandi uwayirengagaho ku bushake yaricwaga.—Kb 15:30; Gut 17:10-13.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Guca umuntu
Amategeko yavugaga ko umuntu yahabwaga icyo gihano ari uko yashinjwe nibura n’abantu babiri (Gut 19:15). Abamushinje ni bo bafataga iya mbere ngo bamutere amabuye (Gut 17:7). Ibyo byagaragazaga ko bafitiye ishyaka amategeko y’Imana kandi ko bifuza ko ishyanga rya Isirayeli rikomeza kwera. Nanone byatumaga abantu batinya kubeshya, kuvuga ibintu batahagezeho cyangwa guhubuka mu gihe batanga ubuhamya.
26 NYAKANGA–1 KANAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 19–21
“Yehova abona ko ubuzima bufite agaciro”
Jya wigana ubutabera bwa Yehova n’imbabazi ze
4 Imigi itandatu y’ubuhungiro yari ahantu umuntu yageraga bitamugoye. Yehova yategetse Abisirayeli gutoranya imigi itatu kuri buri ruhande rw’Uruzi rwa Yorodani, kugira ngo umuntu wese ushaka ubuhungiro ahite agera mu mugi w’ubuhungiro bitamugoye (Kub 35:11-14). Imihanda ijya muri iyo migi yagombaga guhora iharuye (Guteg 19:3). Kuri iyo mihanda hari ibyapa byayoboraga abashaka ubuhungiro muri iyo migi. Imigi y’ubuhungiro yatumaga Umwisirayeli wabaga yishe umuntu atabigambiriye, adahungira mu mahanga, aho yashoboraga kugwa mu mutego wo gusenga ibigirwamana.
Jya wigana ubutabera bwa Yehova n’imbabazi ze
9 Yehova yashyizeho imigi y’ubuhungiro, kugira ngo arinde Abisirayeli kwishyiraho umwenda w’amaraso (Guteg 19:10). Akunda ubuzima kandi yanga “amaboko avusha amaraso y’utariho urubanza” (Imig 6:16, 17). Niyo umuntu yicaga undi atabigambiriye, Yehova ntiyashoboraga kubyirengagiza kubera ko ari Imana yera kandi itabera. Nubwo yababarirwaga, yagombaga kwisobanura imbere y’abakuru, basanga ari ibyamugwiririye akaguma mu mugi w’ubuhungiro kugeza igihe umutambyi mukuru yari gupfira. Hari n’igihe byabaga ngombwa ko aba muri uwo mugi ubuzima bwe bwose. Izo ngaruka zikomeye zatumaga Abisirayeli bose babona ko ubuzima bw’umuntu ari ubwera. Kugira ngo bubahe uwabahaye ubuzima, bagombaga gukora ibishoboka byose bakirinda ikintu cyashyira mu kaga ubuzima bwa mugenzi wabo.
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Amaraso
Imana yahaye umuntu ubuzima kugira ngo yishimire kubaho, ni yo mpamvu umuntu wese uvutsa undi ubuzima ibimuryoza. Ibyo bigaragazwa n’amagambo Imana yabwiye Kayini amaze kwica murumuna we. Yaramubwiye iti: “Amaraso ya murumuna wawe arantakira ari ku butaka” (It 4:10). N’umuntu wanga mugenzi we, akageza ubwo amwifuriza gupfa cyangwa akamubeshyera maze agashyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga, aba agiweho n’umwenda wo kuvusha amaraso ya mugenzi we.—Lw 19:16; Gut 19:18-21; 1Yh 3:15.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Urukiko, Imanza
Urukiko rw’umugi rwabaga ruri ku marembo yawo (Gut 16:18; 21:19; 22:15, 24; 25:7; Rs 4:1). Ayo “marembo” yabaga ari ahantu ku karubanda imbere mu mugi, hafi y’irembo ry’umugi. Aho ku marembo ni ho abantu bahuriraga bagasomerwa Amategeko kandi bakayasobanurirwa (Nh 8:1-3). Nanone kuri ayo marembo byabaga byoroshye kubona abatangabuhamya mu rubanza, urugero nk’ururebana n’imitungo yagurishijwe n’ibindi, kuko ku manywa hacaga abantu benshi binjira mu mugi n’abawusohokamo. Ikindi kandi, kuba kuri ayo marembo harabaga hari abantu benshi, byatumaga abacamanza baba maso igihe babaga baburanisha imanza no mu myanzuro bafataga. Birumvikana ko habaga hari ahantu hakwiriye abacamanza bashoboraga kwicara (Yb 29:7). Samweli yakoraga urugendo akajya i Beteli, i Gilugali n’i Misipa maze “agacira Abisirayeli imanza muri iyo migi yose,” maze akagaruka i Rama aho yari atuye.—1Sm 7:16, 17.
2-8 KANAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 22-23
“Amategeko yagaragazaga ko Yehova yita ku matungo”
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Umutwaro
Mu gihe cya kera, akenshi amatungo yakoreshwaga mu guheka imitwaro. Iyo Umwisirayeli yabonaga indogobe ya mugenzi we, nubwo yabaga amwanga, yagwanye n’umutwaro, aho kuyisiga yagombaga ‘kuyikiza’ uwo mutwaro (Kv 23:5). Ibyo itungo rishobora guheka ni byo bita umutwaro. Urugero, mu 2 Abami 5:17 havugwamo iby’umutwaro washoboraga ‘kwikorerwa n’inyumbu ebyiri.’
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Gutegeka kwa Kabiri
Mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri na ho havuga ko amatungo yagombaga kwitabwaho. Abisirayeli ntibagombaga gutwara inyoni ibundikiye ibyana byayo mu cyari, kubera ko icyatumaga idahita ihunga ari uko yabaga irinze ibyana byayo. Abisirayeli bashoboraga gufata ibyana byayo ariko bakareka nyina ikigendera, kuko yabaga ishobora kuzagira ibindi byana (Gut 22:6, 7). Umuhinzi ntiyari yemerewe guhingisha ikimasa n’indogobe bifatanyirijwe hamwe kugira ngo atavunisha itungo rifite imbaraga nke (22:10). Nanone ntibagombaga guhambira umunwa w’ikimasa mu gihe gihura ibinyampeke kuko byari gutuma kicwa n’inzara kandi kirimo gikoresha imbaraga gihura ibyo binyampeke.—25:4.
‘Ntimwifatanye mudahwanye’
NK’UKO ubibona hano, iyo ngamiya n’icyo kimasa bihingira hamwe ntibikwiranye. Uwo mugogo ubihuje, ubundi wagenewe guhuza amatungo anganya ubunini n’imbaraga, ubabaza ayo matungo yombi. Imana yazirikanye ukuntu bene ayo matungo akurura ibintu yagombye gufatwa neza, maze ibwira Abisirayeli iti “ntuzahingishe icyuma gikururwa n’inka n’indogobe zifatanije hamwe” (Gutegeka 22:10). Iryo hame rishobora no gukoreshwa ku kimasa n’indogobe.
Ubusanzwe, umuhinzi ntiyagombaga guhata amatungo ye ngo ayahekeshe uwo muzigo. Ariko iyo yabaga adafite ibimasa bibiri, amatungo yashoboraga kubona ni yo yafatanyaga akoresheje umugogo. Uko bigaragara, ibyo ni byo umuhinzi wo mu kinyejana cya 19 yahisemo gukora nk’uko tubibona kuri iyo foto. Kubera ko ayo matungo atanganyaga ubunini n’ibiro, irifite intege nke ryagombaga kwihatira kugenda ku muvuduko umwe n’uw’irindi, naho irifite imbaraga rikikorera umuzigo uremereye cyane kurusha irindi.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Umwenda, Uwafashe umwenda
Umwenda ni ikintu umuntu aba agomba undi, akaba agomba kukimwishyura cyangwa kukimusubiza. Muri Isirayeli ya kera, umuntu yafataga umwenda ahanini bitewe n’ubukene. Iyo Umwisirayeli yafataga umwenda byarushagaho kumudindiza kuko yabaga umugaragu w’umugurije (Img 22:7). Ni yo mpamvu Imana yategetse Abisirayeli kugira ubuntu, ntibagaragaze ubwikunde mu gihe babaga bagurije bagenzi babo b’abakene kandi bakirinda kubafatirana muri ubwo bukene barimo ngo babake inyungu (Kv 22:25; Gut 15:7, 8; Zb 37:26; 112:5). Ariko iyo bagurizaga umunyamahanga bagombaga kumwaka inyungu (Gut 23:20). Hari abahanga b’Abayahudi bavuze ko ibyo byarebaga inguzanyo zirebana n’ubucuruzi, atari izahabwaga abakene. Ubusanzwe abanyamahanga bazaga muri Isirayeli bahamaraga igihe gito, kuko akenshi babaga ari abacuruzi. Ubwo rero, kubaka inyungu byari bishyize mu gaciro cyanecyane ko na bo bakaga inyungu abo babaga bagurije.
9-15 KANAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 24-26
“Amategeko yagaragazaga ko Yehova yita ku bagore”
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Umugore
Amategeko ya gisirikare na yo yarengeraga umugabo n’umugore kuko yasoneraga umugabo ugishaka, akamara umwaka wose atajya ku rugamba. Ibyo byatumaga uwo muryango ushobora kubyara, bityo uwo mwana akaba yahumuriza nyina mu gihe umugabo we adahari cyangwa yaguye ku rugamba.—Gut 20:7; 24:5.
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Guhumba
Iyo gahunda yafashaga abakene, igatuma abantu batagira ubwikunde ahubwo bakagira ubuntu kandi ikabafasha kwiringira ko Yehova azabaha imigisha. Icyakora iyo gahunda ntiyashyigikiraga ubunebwe. Ahubwo ituma turushaho kumva neza amagambo Dawidi yavuze agira ati: “Sinigeze mbona umukiranutsi atereranwa burundu, cyangwa ngo urubyaro rwe rusabirize ibyokurya” (Zb 37:25). Iyo abakene bakurikizaga iryo tegeko kandi bagakorana umwete, ntibicwaga n’inzara kandi bo n’abana babo ntibasabirizaga ibyokurya.
Ese wari ubizi?
Muri Isirayeli ya kera, iyo umugabo yapfaga nta mwana w’umuhungu asize, umupfakazi yacyurwaga n’umugabo wabo kugira ngo haboneke urubyaro rwari kuzatuma umuryango w’uwapfuye udacika (Intangiriro 38:8). Iryo shyingiranwa ryaje no gushyirwa mu Mategeko ya Mose, ryitwaga gucikura (Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 25:5, 6). Inkuru yo mu gitabo cya Rusi ivuga ibyo Bowazi yakoze, igaragaza ko mu gihe abavandimwe b’uwapfuye babaga batakiriho, iyo nshingano yahabwaga abandi bagabo bo mu muryango.—Rusi 1:3, 4; 2:19, 20; 4:1-6.
Kuba Abasadukayo baravuze ibirebana no gucikura mu nkuru ivugwa muri Mariko 12:20-22, bigaragaza ko no mu gihe cya Yesu byari bigikorwa. Umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi wo mu kinyejana cya mbere witwa Flavius Josèphe, yavuze ko uwo mugenzo watumaga izina ry’umuryango ridasibangana, ugatuma gakondo y’umuryango itajya ahandi kandi ugatuma umupfakazi atabaho nabi. Icyo gihe, umugore nta burenganzira yabaga afite ku mutungo w’umugabo we. Icyakora, umwana wavukaga ku wabaga yacikuwe yahabwaga gakondo y’uwapfuye.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Gutana
Ikemezo cy’ubutane. Dukurikije uko abagabo bagiye batana n’abagore babo uko bishakiye, ntidukwiriye kuvuga ko Amategeko ya Mose ari yo yahaga abagabo uburenganzira bwo gutana n’abagore babo mu buryo bworoshye. Kugira ngo umugabo yemererwe gutana n’umugore we, hari ibintu yagombaga gukurikiza. Yagombaga kumwandikira ‘icyemezo cy’ubutane, akakimuha, akamwirukana iwe’ (Gut 24: 1). Nubwo Bibiliya itavuga mu buryo burambuye uko byagendaga, uko bigaragara mbere yo kumuha urwo rwandiko yabanzaga kugisha inama abakuru b’umugi, bakabanza kubunga. Igihe uwo mugabo yamaraga ategura urwo rwandiko kandi ashakisha uko batana mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, byashoboraga gutuma abona umwanya uhagije wo kubitekerezaho, wenda akaba yakwisubiraho. Kuba umugabo yaragombaga kuba afite impamvu ifatika ituma atana n’umugore we kandi akaba yarasabwaga gukurikiza amategeko mbere yo gufata uwo mwanzuro, byacaga abagabo intege ntibihutire gutana n’abagore babo. Nanone ibyo byatumaga uburenganzira bw’umugore bwubahirizwa kandi bikamurinda. Ibyanditswe ntibivuga ibyabaga bikubiye mu ‘cyemezo cy’ubutane.’
16-22 KANAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 27-28
‘Iyi migisha yose izakugeraho’
Ibonere imigisha ituruka ku mwami uyoborwa n’umwuka w’Imana
18 Kumvira ijwi rye bikubiyemo kwita cyane ku bivugwa mu Ijambo ry’Imana no guha agaciro ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka atanga (Mat 24:45). Ibyo binasobanura kumvira Imana n’Umwana wayo. Yesu yaravuze ati “umuntu wese umbwira ati ‘Mwami, Mwami,’ si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru. Ahubwo ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka ni we uzabwinjiramo” (Mat 7:21). Nanone kandi, kumvira ijwi ry’Imana bisobanura ko umuntu agandukira abikunze gahunda yashyizeho, ni ukuvuga itorero rya gikristo n’abasaza bashyizweho, ari bo ‘mpano zigizwe n’abantu.’—Efe 4:8.
Mbese umugisha wa Yehova uzakugeraho?
2 Inshinga y’Igiheburayo yahinduwemo “gukomeza kumvira” mu Gutegeka 28:2, yumvikanisha igikorwa gikomeza. Abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova ntibagomba kumwumvira rimwe na rimwe gusa; bagomba gukomeza kumwumvira mu mibereho yabo yose. Icyo gihe ni bwo gusa imigisha y’Imana yabageraho. Inshinga y’Igiheburayo yahinduwemo ‘kubageraho’ yasobanuwe ko ari imvugo ikoreshwa mu guhiga, incuro nyinshi ikaba isobanura “gufata mpiri” cyangwa “kugera ku.”
Jya ushakana umwete imigisha ya Yehova
4 Abisirayeli bagombaga kumvira bate? Amategeko y’Imana yavugaga ko mu gihe abagize ubwoko bwayo batari kuyikorera ‘bishimye kandi bafite umunezero wo mu mutima,’ byari kuyibabaza. (Soma mu Gutegeka 28:45-47.) Kumvira Yehova birenze gukurikiza amategeko runaka gusa, nk’uko bishobora gukorwa n’inyamaswa cyangwa abadayimoni (Mar 1:27; Yak 3:3). Kumvira Imana tubivanye ku mutima ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza urukundo tuyikunda. Kumvira Imana bigaragazwa n’ibyishimo biterwa n’uko tuba twizeye ko amategeko ya Yehova atari umutwaro, kandi ko Yehova ‘agororera abamushakana umwete.’—Heb 11:6; 1 Yoh 5:3.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Imbago z’urubibi
Amategeko ya Yehova yabuzaga Umwisirayeli kwimura imbago z’urubibi rwa mugenzi we (Gut 19:14; reba nanone Img 22:28.) Bibiliya yaravuze iti: “Havumwe umuntu wese wimura imbago z’urubibi rwa mugenzi we” (Gut 27:17). Kubera ko ahanini umuntu yatungwaga n’ibyavaga mu murima we, iyo umuntu yimuraga imbago z’urubibi rwa mugenzi we, yabaga amwambuye bimwe mu byagombaga kumutunga. Muri Isirayeli ya kera byafatwaga nko kwiba (Yb 24:2). Icyakora hari abantu b’abahemu babikoraga. Abatware b’i Buyuda bo mu gihe cya Hoseya bagereranyijwe n’abimura imbibi.—Hs 5:10.
23-29 KANAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 29-30
“Gukorera Yehova ntibikomeye cyane”
Yehova yaduhaye uburenganzira bwo guhitamo
Ese kumenya ibyo Imana idusaba no kubishyira mu bikorwa, biragoye? Mose yaravuze ati “kuko ayo mategeko ngutegetse uyu munsi atari ayo kukunanira, kandi atari aya kure ngo utayageraho” (umurongo wa 11). Yehova ntadusaba gukora ibyo tudashoboye. Ibyo adusaba bishyize mu gaciro, dushobora kubikora, kandi kubimenya ntibigoye. Si ngombwa ko tuzamuka “mu ijuru,” cyangwa ngo ‘twambuke inyanja’ kugira ngo tumenye ibyo Imana idusaba (umurongo wa 12 n’uwa 13). Bibiliya itwereka uko twagombye kubaho.—Mika 6:8.
Yehova yaduhaye uburenganzira bwo guhitamo
HARI Umukristokazi wumvaga ko ibintu bibi byamubayeho akiri umwana byamugizeho ingaruka, ku buryo nta cyiza yashoboraga gukora. Yaravuze ati “akenshi nabaga mfite impungenge zidafite ishingiro z’uko nashoboraga guhemukira Yehova.” Ese ibyo ni byo koko? Ese koko ibitubaho bitugiraho ingaruka ku buryo nta cyo twahindura ku buzima bwacu? Oya rwose. Yehova Imana yaduhaye umudendezo wo kwihitiramo ibitunogeye. Ku bw’ibyo, dushobora kwihitiramo uko tuzabaho. Yehova yifuza ko duhitamo neza, kandi Ijambo rye Bibiliya ritubwira uko twabigeraho. Reka dusuzume amagambo yavuzwe na Mose dusanga mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri igice cya 30.
Yehova yaduhaye uburenganzira bwo guhitamo
Ese Yehova ashishikazwa n’amahitamo tugira? Yego rwose! Mose ahumekewe n’Imana, yaravuze ati “uhitemo ubugingo” (umurongo wa 19). Ariko se, ni gute dushobora guhitamo ubugingo? Mose yabisobanuye agira ati “ukunde Uwiteka Imana yawe uyumvire, uyifatanyeho akaramata” (Umurongo wa 20). Nidukunda Yehova, tuzamwumvira kandi dukomeze kumubera indahemuka uko byagenda kose. Nitubigenza dutyo tuzaba duhisemo ubuzima. Ibyo bisobanura ko tuzagira imibereho myiza iruta iyindi muri iki gihe, kandi tugire ibyiringiro byo kuzabaho iteka mu isi nshya y’Imana dutegereje.—2 Petero 3:11-13; 1 Yohana 5:3.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Ugutwi
Yehova yakoresheje abagaragu be avuga ko Abisirayeli batumviraga kandi b’ibyigomeke bari bafite “amatwi atarakebwe” (Yr 6:10; Ibk 7:51). Ni nk’aho amatwi yabo yari yarazibye, ntibabashe kumva. Yehova ntiyari yarazibuye amatwi yabo, kuko ari we utuma abamushaka basobanukirwa kandi bakamwumvira ariko agatuma amatwi yo mu buryo bw’umwuka y’abatamwumvira aziba (Gut 29: 4; Rm 11: 8). Intumwa Pawulo yari yarahanuye ko hari igihe cyari kugera abiyita Abakristo bakareka ukwizera nyakuri, ntibifuze kumva ukuri ko mu Ijambo ry’Imana, ahubwo bakishimira kumva ibyo amatwi yabo yifuza kumva, maze bagatega amatwi abigisha b’ibinyoma (2Tm 4:3, 4; 1Tm 4:1). Nanone umuntu ashobora kumva “injereri” mu matwi, bitewe n’uko yumvise ibintu atari yiteze, urugero nk’inkuru mbi.—1Sm 3:11; 2Bm 21:12; Yr 19:3.
30 KANAMA–5 NZERI
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | GUTEGEKA KWA KABIRI 31-32
“Icyo imvugo z’ikigereranyo ziri mu ndirimbo yahumetswe zitwigisha”
‘Mpa kugira umutima umwe, kugira ngo ntinye izina ryawe’
8 Mbere y’uko Abisirayeli binjira mu Gihugu k’Isezerano, hari indirimbo Yehova yigishije Mose (Guteg 31:19). Mose na we yagombaga kuyigisha abantu. Mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 32:2, 3, hagaragaza neza ko Yehova atifuza ko izina rye rihishwa, mbese ngo rifatwe nk’aho ari iryera cyane ku buryo ritavugwa. (Hasome.) Yifuza ko abantu bose barimenya. Igihe Mose yigishaga Abisirayeli ibirebana na Yehova n’izina rye rihebuje, barishimye cyane. Ibyo Mose yabigishije byarabakomeje kandi bibatera inkunga, nk’uko imvura y’urujojo ituma ibimera bishisha. None se twe twakora iki ngo ibyo twigisha abantu bibakomeze kandi bibatere inkunga?
9 Mu gihe tubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu cyangwa mu ruhame, dushobora gukoresha Bibiliya tukereka abantu izina bwite ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova. Dushobora kubaha ibitabo byacu byiza cyane, tukabereka videwo zacu zishishikaje ndetse n’ibiboneka ku rubuga rwacu bihesha Yehova ikuzo. Haba ku kazi, ku ishuri cyangwa mu gihe turi mu rugendo, dushobora kubwira abantu ibyerekeye Imana yacu dukunda kandi tukababwira imico yayo. Iyo tubwiye abandi ibirebana n’umugambi mwiza cyane Yehova afitiye isi n’abantu, hari ikintu gishya tuba tubafashije kumenya. Tuba tubafashije kumenya ko burya Yehova adukunda cyane. Iyo tubabwiye ukuri ku byerekeye Data wuje urukundo, tuba tugize uruhare mu kweza izina rye. Tuba tubafashije kumenya ko hari ibinyoma byinshi bigishijwe ku birebana na Yehova. Izo nyigisho tubigisha, ni zo zibakomeza kandi zikabatera inkunga kurusha izindi zose bigishijwe.—Yes 65:13, 14.
Ese usobanukiwe imvugo z’ikigereranyo zikoreshwa muri Bibiliya?
Nanone Bibiliya igereranya Yehova n’ibintu bidafite ubuzima. Imwita “Igitare cya Isirayeli,” “umunara” n’“igihome” (2 Samweli 23:3; Imigani 18:10; Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 32:4). None se ni iki Yehova ahuriyeho n’ibyo bintu? Nk’uko igitare kinini kiba gifashe mu butaka ubutanyeganyega, ni na ko Yehova Imana ashobora kuturinda ku buryo nta cyaduhungabanya.
Mujye mwigana Yehova mu gihe murera abana banyu
7 Reka turebe urukundo Yehova yagaragaje mu byo yagiriraga Abisirayeli. Mose yakoresheje igereranya rikurikira rikora ku mutima mu gusobanura urukundo Yehova yakundaga ishyanga rye rya Isirayeli ryari rikimara kuvuka. Dusoma ngo “nk’uko ikizu gikangura ibyana byacyo. Kigahungiriza amababa hejuru yabyo. Kigatanda amababa, kikabijyana, kikabiheka ku mababa yacyo: ni ko Uwiteka yari umuyobora [wa Yakobo]” (Gutegeka 32:9, 11, 12). Kugira ngo ikizu cy’ikigore cyigishe ibyana byacyo kuguruka, ‘kirabikangura,’ kigakubita amababa yacyo kugira ngo gishishikarize ibyana byacyo kuguruka. Mu gihe amaherezo icyana kiba kimaze kumenya kwivana mu cyari, akenshi icyo cyari kikaba kiba kiri ku rutare rurerure, cya nyina ‘gihungiriza amababa hejuru’ y’icyo cyana. Iyo bigaragara ko icyana gishobora kwikubita hasi, nyina yinyabya munsi yacyo, ikagiheka ku ‘mababa yayo.’ Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Yehova yitaye mu buryo burangwa n’urukundo ku ishyanga rya Isirayeli ryari rivutse vuba. Yahaye abantu Amategeko ya Mose (Zaburi 78:5-7). Hanyuma, Imana yarinze ishyanga ryayo irihozaho ijisho, yiteguye kugoboka ubwoko bwayo igihe bwabaga bugeze mu kaga.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cyo Gutegeka kwa Kabiri
31:12. Abakiri bato bagomba kwicarana n’abakuze mu materaniro y’itorero kandi bakihatira gutega amatwi no kwiga.