Mataundi Amatumba—Nguva Dzakaoma Musango Rakatsikinyidzana Romudhorobha

Yakanyorwa nomunyori waMukai! muAfrica

MWANA womutaundi ramatumba anofamba asina shangu mumugwagwa weguta reAfrica yokumadokero. Pamusoro wake anotakura tray yakati sandarara, yakatenderera inotakura maranjisi makumi maviri namana. Pamuviri wake wakaonda panorembera chipfeko cheyero, chokukuurirwa. Ari kudikitira.

Achienzaniswa navamwe vaduku vanobva mumhuri dzine urombo, iye ari pamugwagwa kuti atengese. “Tengai maranjasi!” ndiko kudanidzira kwenguva dzose. Asi uyu mwana akanyarara; zvimwe ane nzara kana kuti anorwara kana kuti akangoneta zvake.

Kune rumwe rutivi kuri kufamba vasikana vaviri vokuchikoro vakapfeka nyufomu dzechikoro dzebhuruu. Mumwe nomumwe akapfeka masokisi machena neshangu chena. Mumwe nomumwe ane bhegi ramabhuku rizere namabhuku. Vasikana vacho vanofamba vachikurumidza, vachitaura vose nomufaro. Havacherekedzi mwana wacho, asi iye anovacherekedza. Anovatarisa namaziso asina chaanotaura.

Vasikana vokuchikoro pakupedzisira vanosvika kumisha yavo yakanaka, yakachengeteka. Asi apo mwana wacho anoenda kumba, pakupera kwezuva, kunova kunyika yakasiana zvikuru. Musha kwaari muunganidzwa wenzvimbo yokugara yakaitwa namapuranga namarata.

Taundi Ramatumba

Mugwagwa mukuru muno kanzira kevhu rakatsindirwa. Mukati momwaka wokunaya, unova madhaka. Wakanyanyotetepa zvokusagona kuita kuti motokari ifambe. Mauri hausati uchizowana kamba yamapurisa, bato rokudzima mwoto, nzvimbo dzoutano, uye kwete kunyange muti mumwe chete. Kumusoro hakuna waya dzamagetsi kana kuti dzorunhare. Pasi hapana pombi dzetsvina kana kuti dzemvura.

Vanhu vanowanda. Mhepo yakazadzwa nomutinhimira wamanzwi. Kurukurirano inosangana nokuseka, kuitirana nharo, kuchema, uye nziyo. Varume vakapfeka nguvo chena vanogara pazvigaro, vachikurukurirana. Vakadzi vanokodzonga mupunga uyo unovira mumapoto pamwoto wehuni. Vana vari kwose kwose—vachitamba, vakarara, vachishanda, vachitaura, vachitengesa. Vazhinjisa, kufanana nemwana ane maranjisi, havasati vaizotongoshanyira nzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka, kukwira bhasikoro, kana kuti kuona mukati mechikoro.

Munyika umo avhareji yenduramo youpenyu pakuberekwa inongova bedzi makore 42, vanhu vari muiyi nharaunda vanofa vari vaduku zvikuru. Pazera ramakore mapfumbamwe mwana anenge atokurira bviro dzakaoma zvikurusa munyika kuti ararame makore mana okutanga oupenyu. Mukati menguva iyoyo anenge ava nebviro yakane 40 kusvikira ku 50 yokufa kupfuura kudai akanga azvarwa murudzi rwakabudirira. Vazhinji vezera rake muno havana kurarama kusvika kuzera ramakore mashanu. Kana akararama nguva yakareba zvikuru, angava nebviro huru yokufa mukati mokuva nemimba kana kuti pakupona kupfuura mukadzi womuEurope kana kuti North America—bviro yakane 150.

Mazana amamirioni vanorarama munzvimbo dzavarombo dziri kukura nokukurumidza uye mataundi amatumba akafanana nerino. Mukuwirirana nokuverenga kweUnited Nations, vanhu vane 1,3 bhirioni vanotsvikinyidzirwa mumaguta enyika isina kubudirira, uye mamirioni 50 anowedzerwa gore rimwe nerimwe.

Upenyu Munyika Dzichiri Kubudirira

Musha wenyu une mwero wokuva moga, mvura yomupombi, chimbudzi here? Mumwe munhu anorasa marara enyu here? Mazana amamirioni avanhu munyika dzichiri kubudirira havafarikanyi izvi zvinhu.

Mumaguta akawanda nharaunda dzourombo dzakatsvikinyidziranwa zvikuru zvokuti kwakarovedzeka kuti mhuri yavanhu gumi igoverane kamuri rimwe chete. Kazhinji kazhinji, vanhu vane isingasviki nzvimbo yokugara yakaenzana mativi mana noukuru hwemita. Mune mamwe mativi eguta muMabvazuva, kunyange makamuri maduku anokamurwa nokuda kwokugara kwavakawanda, nemibhedha yakakomberedzwa nesimbi nokuda kwokuva woga nedziviriro kumbavha. Mune imwe nyika, gadziriro yo“mubhedha unochinjanwa mukutevedzana” inogonesa vanhu kurenda mibhedha kweawa zvokuti vanhu vaviri kana kuti vatatu vanorara mukuchinjana zuva rimwe nerimwe.

Mukuwirirana nomushumo wegore negore wa 1991 weUNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund), vanhu vane 1,2 bhirioni munyika yose vane mugove wemvura isina kukotsekana. Mamirioni anofanira kutenga mvura yavo kuvatengesi kana kuti kuitora munzizi kana kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dziri pachena. Uko mvura yomupombi inowanika, dzimwe nguva vanhu vanopfuura chiuru vanorwisa kuti vatore mvura papombi imwe chete.

UNICEF inokarakadzawo kuti vanhu vane 1,7 bhirioni vanoshaiwa mitoo youtsanana nokuda kwokurasa tsvina yavanhu. Hakusi kwechienzi kuti 85 muzana yavagari vemo vomumataundi amatumba havana nzvimbo dzezvimbudzi. Mumaguta mazhinji muAfrica neAsia, kubatanidza mazhinji ane vagari vemo vanopfuura mirioni, hamutongorina gadziriro yokurasa tsvina. Tsvina yavanhu inoenda murukova, munzizi, makoronga, mikomba, uye migero.

Marara ndechimwe chinetso. Mumaguta amarudzi achiri kubudirira, 30 kusvikira ku 50 muzana yamarara haitorwi. Nharaunda dzavarombo dzinoregeredzwa zvikurusa. Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti varombo vanorasa marara mashoma ayo anogona kushandiswa nenzira inobetsera kana kuti kutorwa navatakuri vamarara kana kuti mabhizimisi anoshandisazve zvinhu. Chikonzero chechipiri ndechokuti sezvo nzvimbo dzavarombo dzakawanda dzisingazivikanwi sedzapamutemo, hurumende dzinoramba kuvaisira zvokushandisa zvavose. Chinetso chechitatu ndechokuti nharaunda dzakawanda dzourombo, nemhaka yenzvimbo yadzo nomugariro wokutsvikinyidzirana, dzakaoma uye dzinodhura kugadzira.

Chii chinoitika kumarara? Anoraswa kuti aorere mumugwagwa, pachena, uye munzizi nomumakungwa.

Ngozi Youtano

Mugariro wavarombo vomuguta unosiana munzvimbo nenzvimbo. Bva, zvikonzero zvitatu zviri kunzvimbo yose. Chokutanga ndechokuti misha yavo haina kotsekano, ine ngozi. Bhuku rinonzi The Poor Die Young rinotaura, kuti: “Vanhu vanenge mamirioni 600 vari kugara munzvimbo dzomumaguta omuNyika Dzichiri Kubudirira vari kugara mune inganzi misha inotyisidzira upenyu noutano uye vavakidzani.”

Kushaikwa kwedzimba kunogona kusimudzira sei utano hwakashata? Migariro yokutsvikinyidzana munharaunda dzourombo dzomumaguta inobetsera kuparadzira hosha, dzakadai setuberculosis, furuwenza, uye meningitis. Kunyanyotsvikinyidzirana kunowedzerewo ngozi yetsaona dzomumba.

Kushaikwa kwemvura yakakwana, yakachena kunowedzera kupfuudzwa kwezvirwere zvinobva mumvura, zvakadai setyphoid, kuzvimba kwechiropa, uye manyoka. Kunogumawo nehosha yomudumbu inouraya mwana munyika dzichiri kubudirira, paavhareji, masekondi 20 ari ose. Kushaikwa kwemvura yakaringana nokuda kwokugeza nhumbi nokugeza muviri kunoita kuti vanhu vatapurwe nezvirwere zvamaziso nehosha dzeganda. Uye apo vanhu varombo vanofanira kubhadhara mitengo yakakwirira nokuda kwemvura, panova nemari shoma yezvokudya.

Kushatiswa kwemvura nezvokudya kunoguma nehosha dzefecal-oral namakonye omuura, akadai samahookworm, maroundworm, uye matapeworm. Marara asingatorwi anokwezva makonzo, nhunzi, uye mapete. Mvura isingayereri inzvimbo yokuberekera youtunga hunotakura mararia nefilariasis.

Nzvimbo Ine Tsvina Yourombo

Chiratidzo chechipiri choupenyu hwetaundi ramatumba ndechokuti kwakaoma zvikuru kuti vagari vemo vaparadzane nahwo. Vazhinjisa vaavo vanouya kuguta vanhu vanobva kune nzvimbo dzavo vanosununguka kubva munharaunda dzomumaruwa nemhaka yourombo. Vasingakwanisi kuwana dzimba dzakakwana, vanovamba uye vanowanzoguma vaita kuti upenyu hwavo hwomudhorobha huve munzvimbo dzine tsvina namataundi amatumba.

Vazhinji vavanhu vanoshingaira uye vanodisa kushanda zvakaoma, asi vanova vasina chisarudzo kunze kwokubvuma mabasa amaawa marefu nomubhadharo wakaderera. Vabereki vanodzvinyirirwa vanowanzoendesa vana vavo kubasa panzvimbo pokuchikoro, uye vana vane dzidzo shoma kana kuti vasina vane kariro duku yokupfuura mugariro wavabereki vavo. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vaduku vachitambira mari shoma zvikuru, yavanotambira inowanzova inokosha zvikurusa kumhuri dzavo. Nokudaro, nokuda kwavazhinjisa vavarombo vomudhorobha, hapana tariro huru yokuvandudza mugariro wavo woupenyu; nharidzano yavo ndeyokurarama kupukunyuka zuva nezuva.

Vasingadikanwi, Vasingadiwi

Rutivi rwechitatu rwoupenyu nderwokuti kuva nenzvimbo yokuvaka hakusati kuri kwechokwadi. Kuhurumende dzakawanda, mataundi amatumba nenzvimbo dzine tsvina dzavarombo zvinokwenudza. Panzvimbo pokushandira kuvandudza mataundi amatumba, uko kusingawanzoshanda, hurumende dzinowanzotumira mabhurudhoza kundoputsa mataundi amatumba.

Hurumende dzingaruramisa kubviswa kwamataundi amatumba kupfurikidza nokutaura kuti kuri madikanwa kuita kuti guta rive rakatsvinda, kana kuti kubvisa matsotsi, kana kuti kuvandudzazve nzvimbo. Chipi kana chipi chiri chikonzero, varombo ndivo vanotambura. Kazhinji kazhinji hapana kwokuti vaende uye muripo muduku kana kuti kusatovapo inogoverwa. Asi apo mabhurudhoza anouya kuzochenesa, ivo havana chokuita kunze kwokubuda.

Basa Rehurumende

Neiko hurumende dzisingagoveri dzimba dzakakwana nemvura, mapombi amatsvina, uye mabasa amarara nokuda kwavose? Bhuku rinonzi Squatter Citizen rinopindura, kuti: “Marudzi mazhinji eNyika Dzichiri Kubudirira ane perevedzo huru yepfuma nokudaro banza duku rokuvandudza basa rakatsiga nerinobudirira mukati menyika yokutengeserana zvokuti kunobvira kupanikira zvakakomba kushanda kwadzo sehurumende dzamarudzi. Munhu haagoni kutsoropodza hurumende nokuda kwokukundikana kugovera zvinodikanwa zvavagari vomunzvimbomo vayo apo rudzi rwose rwomunhu rune pfuma shoma zvikuru zvokuti, mumugariro wazvino, hapana pfuma yakakwana yokuita kuti zvinodikanwa zvikuru zvisvitswe.”

Munyika dzakawanda mugariro wemari uri kuderera. Gore rakapfuura, munyori mukuru airega basa weUnited Nations akashuma, kuti: “Mugariro wenyika dzakawanda dzichiri kubudirira munyika wave uri kuderera kwenguva yakati. . . . Vanhu vanopfuura 1 bhirioni zvino vanorarama muurombo chaihwo.”

Zvakadiniko Neyamuro Inobva Kumwe?

Neiko marudzi akapfuma asingaiti zvakawanda kuti abetsere? Ichikurukura kukosha kwokuyamura varombo, World Bank’s Development Report inobvuma, kuti: “Vapi vanobetserwa [vanowana 64 muzana yeyamuro yose yokumwe] . . . vanogovera yamuro nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda—zvamatongerwe enyika, zvebetsero yemari, zvokutengeserana, uye zvamagariro avanhu. Kuderedza urombo isundo imwe, uye haiwanzova inokosha zvikurusa.”

Pane rumwe rutivi, kunyange apo hurumende dzine pfuma yokuvandudza mugariro wavarombo, hadziiti kudaro nguva dzose. Chinetso mumarudzi akawanda ndechokuti nepo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzichifanira kugovera dzimba namabasa, mwero yehurumende yakakwirira haipi chiremera kana kuti mari yokuita basa racho.

Maguta Omunguva Yemberi

Vachivakira pamigariro yamakumi amakore azvino uno, nyanzvi dzinopikira nguva yemberi isina kujeka nokuda kwavarombo vomuguta munyika dzichiri kubudirira. Kukura kunokurumidza kwomuguta, ivo vanodaro, kuchapfuurira, uye hurumende dzichave dzisingakwanisi kugovera vagari vazhinjisa vomuguta mvura yomupombi, pombi dzetsvina, nzvimbo dzokurasira marara, migwagwa yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, tarisiro youtano, uye mabasa anotarisira tsaona.

Nenzira inowedzera, misha ichavakwa munzvimbo dzine ngozi, dzakadai somumachinga amakomo, mapani anobuda mvura, kana kuti munzvimbo yakashatiswa. Nenzira inowedzera, vanhu vachatambura hosha somuuyo wokutsvikinyidzirana, migariro isina utano hwakanaka. Nenzira inowedzera, varombo vomuguta vachagara mutyisidziro yenguva dzose yokudzingwa nechisimba.

Ikoku kunoreva here kuti hapana tariro nokuda kwavagari vemo vomumataundi amatumba kufanana nomusikana ane maranjisi arondedzerwa pakuvamba pekurukurirano ino? Nyangwe!

Chinjo Huru Iri Kuuya

Shoko raMwari, Bhaibheri, rinoratidza kuti chinjo huru nokuda kwezviri nani ichaitika—uye nokukurumidza. Iyi chinjo ichaitika, kwete kupfurikidza nenhamburiko dzehurumende dzavanhu, asi kupfurikidza noUmambo hwaMwari, hurumende yokudenga iyo ichakurumidza kudzora pasi rose.—Mateo 6:10.

MuUmambo hwaMwari, panzvimbo pokubatwa munzvimbo dzokugara dzisingafadzi dzine tsvina namataundi amatumba, mhuri dzoumwari dzichagara muparadhiso. (Ruka 23:43) Panzvimbo pokurarama mukutya kwenguva dzose kwokudzingwa, Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti “mumwe nomumwe uchagara pasi pomuzambiringa wake napasi pomuonde wake, hakuna ungazovatyisa.”—Mika 4:4.

MuUmambo hwaMwari, panzvimbo pokufa uri muduku mumisha yakatsikinyidzirwana, vanhu “vachavaka dzimba nokugaramo; vachasima minda yemizambiringa, nokudya michero yayo. . . . Nokuti samazuva omuti ndizvo zvichaita mazuva avanhu vangu.”—Isaya 65:21, 22.

Izvi zvipikirwa zvingava zvakaoma kuti udavire, asi unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvichazadzika. Neiko? Nemhaka yokuti Mwari haasati achireva nhema, uye “hakune shoko raMwari richashaiwa simba.”—Ruka 1:37; Numeri 23:19.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]

MuUmambo hwaMwari, urombo uye mataundi amatumba zvichatsiviwa nemigariro yeparadhiso