Kupa kwapaKrisimisi Kune Mufungo Here?
KUPAMBADZA kuzhinjisa kwapaKrisimisi kunoitwa nemhaka yokuti kupa panguva iyoyo yegore ndicho chinhu chinokarirwa kuitwa. Kana mumwe akasapa, mumwe aputsa tsika inotevedzwa. Asi nyanzvi yokuchengetedza mari James S. Henry, achinyora muThe New Republic, anotsoropodza “kupa kwokumanikidzira” kwakadaro sokunopedza mufaro uye kunopambadza.
“Kupiwa kwechipo chisina kukodzera mugamuchiri ndeimwe ratidziro youku kupambadza,” iye anotsanangura kudaro. “Mukuwirirana nechitoro chikuru cheNew York, gore rimwe nerimwe inenge 15 muzana yokutenga kwose kwapasero paKrisimisi kunodzorerwa kuchitoro. Kubvumira idi rokuti zvipo zvakawanda zvinotumirwa kukero isiyo zvinochengetwa . . . , kusvikira kuchikamu chechitatu chokutenga chingasasvitsa zvinodikanwa kana kuti zvishuvo zvavagamuchiri vazvo.”
Chaizvoizvo, kune mufungo here kuchengeta mari gore rose yokutenga zvipo izvo vamwe vangasafarira kana kuti kuda? Uye kune mufungo here kuedza kuorora vamwe nezvipo zvinodhura?
“Rumwe rutivi rusingafadzi zvikuru rwokutenga zvinhu zveKrisimisi ‘kupa kwakatanhamara,’” anotaura kudaro Henry. “Zvipo zvoumbozha,” iye anodaro, “zvakarongedzerwa zvikurukuru avo vasinganyanyi kuda chipo chipi nechipi chose chose (‘munhu ane chinhu chiri chose’). Zvizhinjisa zvezvipo zvinodhura zvakadaro zvinopiwa paKrisimisi; mwedzi mitatu yokupedzisira yegore, mukuwirirana nezvakataurwa nechitoro chikuru cheNew York, zvinogovera inopfuura hafu yedhaimondi yegore, wachi, uye machira anotengeswa.”
Zvisinei, kunyange zvipo zvinodhura kazhinji kazhinji hazviiti kuti vagamuchiri vafare, zvikurukuru apo zvinopiwa kuti zvifukidze ukama husina kunaka. Mukuwirirana nachiremba weCanada Richard Allon, “kana musingagoni kuva akanaka kune mumwe nomumwe gore rose, hamusati muchizokuita kupfurikidza nechipo chinodhura. Hamusati muchizopedza mhosva yenyu mumene, uye zvimwe uchapa imwe kune mumwe munhu.”
Nenzira inosuruvarisa, mamirioni avanhu munyika dzichiri kubudirira vanoshaiwa zvinhu zvinokosha zvikurusa zvoupenyu, bva avo vari mumarudzi nenzvimbo dzamabasa dzinogadzirwa zvinhu vanogaroratidzika kuva vanoshaiwa bedzi kuonga zvakawanda zvavanazvo. Zvipo zveKrisimisi zvinogamuchirwa nokusakendenga—“ndinofanira kuiteiko nacho?”—kana kuti nokusafara—“zvamazvirokwazvo ndakanga ndisingadi ichochi”—kana kuti sezvinobvira kunyange nokutsamwa—“chipo chandakapa chinenge chakadhura kupinda ichi nakaviri!” Hakushamisi kuti boka rokudzivirira vana reGermany rakagumisa kuti paKrisimisi zvakawandisa zvinopiwa uye kazhinji kazhinji nenzira isina mufungo zvikurusa.
Uyezve, Krisimisi inoratidzira kusaruramisira kwavanhu, ichiparira dzvinyiriro hurusa uye kusafara. Vamwe havana mari yakawanda yokutenga zvipo, uye muUnited States, ikoku sezviri pachena kunotungamirira kukuba kwakawanda mukati memwaka weKrisimisi kupfuura paimwe nguva ipi neipi yegore. Nyanzvi yokuchengetedza mari Henry yakashuma, kuti: “Mapurisa anofungidzira kuti uku kubiwa kwezvinhu kunoparirwa nokuti matsotsiwo anosundwa nokuda kwokuwana zvipo zvemhuri dzawo.”
Vakawanda vachabvumirana nomurongi wepepanhau Tom Harpur, uyo akanyora muToronto, Canada, Sunday Star, kuti: “Pasi pokufara kwose kwokumanikidzira, ndinoziva kuti Krisimisi inguva yokusagadzikana kunowedzera, kusagutsikana, kuva nemhaka uye kuneta kukuru kumamirioni munzanga yedu.”
‘Asi zvinetso zvakakukodzera nokuda kwavana,’ mumwe angataura kudaro. Bva, kupa kwapaKrisimisi kunobetsera chaizvoizvo here kuvana?
Zvakunoita Kuvana
“Kunyange zvazvo ikoku kuchifanira kuva nguva ‘inofadza’ yegore,” anodaro mumwe mupi zano wechikoro Betty Poloway, “kune vana vazhinji vasingafari.” Neiko? Kupa kwapaKrisimisi kungagona sei kukuvadza vana?
Susan James, amai vavana vaduku vatatu, vakashuma, kuti: “Ndakatarisa vana vangu vachivhura zvipo zvavo, chimwe nechimwe. Apo vakanga vapedza, vakamira muiyi tsvina vachikumbira zvimwe! Havasati vari vana vane makaro asi zvipo zvose, ziviso yapachine nguva mberi nezvipikirwa zvose, zvakavakurira zvikuru zvokuti vakava vane makaro.”
Karen Andersson, mukuru woruzivo rwendangariro yavana pachipatara muConnecticut, U.S.A., akarondedzera chinetso chacho: “Hakufadzi kudzika matanhiko mangwanani eKrisimisi ndokuona izvi zvipo zvose. Ivo vanozarura chitambiso chimwe nechimwe namanyemwe ndokusava nebanza rokupa ngwariro pachinhu chipi nechipi. Kumwana angava nemisikanzwa kana kuti asingateereri, kana kuti anofarisa nyore nyore kunyange mukati memigariro yakaterema zvikurusa, Krisimisi inogona kuva inoparadzanya.”
“Zvipo hazviunzi mufaro wazvakambounza,” rakacherechedza kudaro pepanhau reGermany munyaya yaiva pamusoro peKrisimisi. Mumwe mukadzi akachema, kuti: “Kwaichiwanzoitika kuti vana vaigutsikana nokuwana bhuku rakanaka, magurovhosi, kana kuti chimwe chinhu chiduku. Asi muzukuru wangu zvino anondiudza, kuti: ‘Ambuya, gore rino ndinoda komupiyuta!’”
Hungu, kupa kwapaKrisimisi kunoparira makaro noudyire. “Mumwe anongofanira bedzi kushanyira [chitoro chezvokutambisa] chipi nechipi pane iyi nguva yegore,” nyanzvi yokuchengetedza mari Henry akadudza kudaro, “kuona simba redzvinyiriro dzechienzi dzeiyi nguva paukama hwomwana nomubereki: vanamai vakatsamwa zvikuru vanozvuzvurudza vana vaduku vakapindwa muropa nezvitambiso vachipfura nokuzhamba vachibva pazvinhu zvine mutengo wakakwirira, zvenhando zvazvino uno zvinotengeswa.”
Asi kunotova nezvinetso zvakakomba zvikuru zvakabatanidzwa nokupa kwapaKrisimisi.
Zvipo zveKrisimisi Nezvokwadi
Bvunza mwana muduku kwakabva zvipo zvake, uye sezvingabvira zvikurusa chii chaachapindura? Mukuwirirana nechiverengero cheNew York Times, 87 muzana yavana veAmerica vari pakati pezera ramakore matatu negumi vanodavira Santa Claus. Vabereki vazhinji vanotsigira ichi chitendero, vachibvunza, kuti: “Unoda kuti Santa akuunzirei gore rino?” Bva, chii chiri miuyo yacho?
Chinoitika chaCynthia Keeler, chakashumwa muDaily News yeNew York, chinoenzanisira. “Amai,” akabvunza kudaro mwanakomana wavo wamakore manomwe, Britton, “kuna Santa Claus chaizvoizvo here?”
Cynthia akanga asina kujeka, sezvinoita vabereki vakawanda apo vanobvunzwa mubvunzo iwoyo. “Unofungeiko?” ivo vakabvunza kudaro.
Britton akataura kuti shamwari dzake dzakamuudza kuti hakuna mumwe, asi kuti akanga asina chokwadi. Ipapo akatanga kuchema. “Ndinofanira kuziva, Amai,” akataura kudaro ari pakati pokuchema.
“Kudai akanga asina kuchema, zvichida ndingadai ndisina kumuudza,” akadaro Cynthia. “Asi yakanga iri nhau youpenyu norufu nokuda kwake. Iye aingoda bedzi kuva nemhinduro. Ndakamuudza kuti kwakanga kusina Santa chaiyeiye.”
Daily News yakashuma, kuti: “Achiri kuchema, Britton Keeler akanangana naamai vake nepomero iyo vabereki vose vanotya apo nyengedzo inenge yazivikanwa uye Santa Claus anenge afumurwa: ‘Neiko makareva nhema pamusoro pako?’”
Miuyo yenyengedzo yavabereki inowanzoparadzanya, sokutaura kwakaita Bruce Roscoe, purofesa wefundo dzemhuri paCentral Michigan University, U.S.A., kuti: “Mwana anowana kuti amai vakanyepa uye vamwe vana vose vakanga vakarurama.” Somuuyo, Purofesa Roscoe akatsanangura kuti, mwana anowanzobvunza zvimwe zvinhu izvo vabereki vake vakamuudza.
Fred Koenig, purofesa woruzivo rwendangariro rwavanhu paTulane University muNew Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., akasimbisa, kuti: “Apo vanowana, kunokuvadza chaizvoizvo kukudzwa kwavabereki.” Iye akawedzera, kuti: “Kunopanikirisa zvinhu zvakawanda.” Mwana angafunga kuti “zvimwe nhau yose yorudzidziso inongova zvayo nyengedzo.”
Zvirokwazvo, hakusati kune mufungo kutsigira nhema kupfurikidza nokuudza vana kuti munhu womungano anovagovera zvipo. Bva, vashanyi havana kuunza zvipo kumucheche Jesu pazuva rake rokuzvarwa here? Naizvozvo iye aisazotendera kupa zvipo paKrisimisi nhasi here?
Muitiro wechiKristu Here?
Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti varume vakachenjera, kana kuti vazivi venyeredzi, vakaunza zvipo kuna Jesu. Zvisinei, kupa kwapaKrisimisi hakuna kuvakirwa pamuenzaniso wavo nemhaka yokuti ivo havana kuchinjana zvipo nomumwe nomumwe. Chinokosha zvikurusa, havana kupa zvipo zvavo pakuzvarwa kwaJesu asi panguva yapashure. Zviito zvavo zvakanga zviri mutsinhirano netsika yakare yokukudza vatongi. Cherekedza kuti nhauro yeBhaibheri inotaura kuti apo vakasvika Jesu akanga asisiri muchidyiro chembongoro asi akanga achigara mumba. Ndicho chikonzero nei Herodhe, akavakira pane zvavakanga vamuudza, akaraira kuti vanakomana vose vane makore maviri ezera navari pasi vaurawe.—Mateo 2:1-18.
Uyewo rangarira: Hakusati kuchishamisa here kuti parinofungidzirwa kuva zuva rokuzvarwa raJesu, iye amene haagamuchiri chinhu chipi nechipi? Iye angava asina kunyange kutongorangarirwa! Chaizvoizvo, tsika yokupa kwapaKrisimisi yakavambira kupi?
Achinyora muLos Angeles Independent, Diane Bailey akatsanangura, kuti: “Kuchinjana zvipo kuvambira shure kuRoma yakare, apo vanhu vaichinjana zvipo zvisingakoshi mukati memitambo yokunamatwa kwezuva negore idzva.”
Pasi pomusoro unoti “Kuputunura Magamuchidzanwa eYule,” Anita Sama akanyora munyaya yeGannett News Service, kuti: “Kare kare pamberi pokuchengeta kwechiKristu, kuchinjana zvipo kwaiva rutivi rwokuchengeta kwomuchando. VaRoma vaipanana mapazu aibva pamatavi matsvene emiti, ipapo vakachinjira kuzvinhu zvinoshamisira zvikuru zvinoratidzira shuviro dzakanaka dzegore riri kuuya—sirivha, ndarama uye zvokudya zvakaiswa huchi.”
Zvokwadi ndeyokuti, Krisimisi mutambo wechihedheni uyo wakagamuchirwa nechiKristudhomu. December 25 hausati uri, musi wokuzvarwa waJesu Kristu, asi musi wakabatanidzwa nemitambo yechihedheni yamaoresa iyo maKristu apakuvamba akadzivisa.—Ona bhokisi, “Chii Chiri Mavambo Chaiwoiwo eKrisimisi?” pamapeji anotevera.
Kudai Jesu Kristu aiva pasi pano nhasi, aizonzwa sei pamusoro pokupa kwapaKrisimisi?
Nzira Iyo Jesu Anorangarira Nayo Kupa
Jesu zvirokwazvo haasati achishurikidza kupa. Mukupesana, achidisa nguva dzose kuzvipa amene nenzira isina udyire mukubatira vamwe, iye akadzidzisa vadzidzi vake, kuti: “Ipai.” Uye achiratidza kuti kupa kwaizoguma nokukomborerwa kwavapi vamene, iye akawedzera, kuti: “Nemi muchapiwa.”—Ruka 6:38.
Zvisinei, Jesu pano akanga asiri kunongedzera kukuchinjana zvipo. Panzvimbo pezvo, akanga achinongedzera kuzvokwadi huru yokuti kupa kusina udyire kazhinji kazhinji kunopananwa. Ikoku ndokwechokwadi zvikurukuru apo munhu anopa ane vavariro yakarurama uye anoda mumwe munhu “zvikuru nomwoyo wose.”—1 Petro 1:22.
Rudo harusati ruchiraira kubhadharwa nokuda kwamabasa arwo, naizvozvo Jesu akarumbidza, kuti: “Kana uchipa zvipo, ruoko rwako rworuboshwe ngarurege kuziva chinoitwa norudyi rwako, kuti kupa kwako kuve pakavanda.” Mupi nenzira yakafanira haasati achipa ngwariro kwaari amene kana kuti kuchipo chake, bva haasati achizorega kuripwa. Jesu akaratidza ikoku apo akawedzera, kuti: “Baba vako vanoona pakavanda vachakupa mubairo.” (Mateo 6:3, 4) Zvakare, mupi anofanira, sokutaura kunoita Bhaibheri, “kuita sezvaakasarudza chaizvo mumwoyo make, kwete nokuchema kana kuti nokugombedzerwa, nokuti Mwari anoda mupi anofara.”—2 VaKorinte 9:7, NW.
Naizvozvo kupa kunofadza Kristu kunosundwa norudo, kunoitwa pasina kukarira chinhu chipi nechipi chinodzorerwa, uye hakusati kuchiitwa nokuchema kana kuti nokugombedzerwa. Kwakasiana sei kupa kwakadaro nokuzhinji kwokupa kunoitwa paKrisimisi!
Kupa kuri manyuko omufaro, naizvozvo, hakutsamiri pakarenda kana kuti patsika. Hakuratidziwo chinhu chipi nechipi pamusoro pokuti mumwe munhu akapedzera marii pachipo, chimwe chinhu bedzi pamusoro poukuru hworupo rwake. Zvamazvirokwazvo, Krisimisi yakatsausa mamirioni mukupa zvinhu zvisina kururama, kazhinji kazhinji nokuda kwezvikonzero zvisina kururama. Kuregererei, ipapoka, kuedza chimwe chinhu chiri nani kupfuura kupa kwapaKrisimisi? Edza rudzi rwokupa runounza zvikomborero zvakapfuma nomufaro chaiwo, uko kuri musoro wenyaya inotevera.
[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 8, 9]
Chii Chiri Mavambo Chaiwoiwo eKrisimisi?
VANHU vakadzidza vanoziva kuti December 25 harisiri zuva rakazvarwa Jesu Kristu. New Catholic Encyclopedia inobvuma, kuti: “Musi wokuzvarwa kwaKristu hauzivikanwi. Evhangeri hadziratidzi musi kana kuti mwedzi wacho.”
Kupfuurirazve, kunosanopupurirwa kuti Krisimisi netsika dzayo zvakagamuchirwa kubva kumanyuko asati ari echiKristu. U.S. Catholic, kutaura idi, yakataura, kuti: “Hakubviri kuparadzanisa Krisimisi namavambo ayo echihedheni.”
The Encyclopedia Americana yakatsanangura, kuti: “Zhinjisa dzetsika zvino dzakabatanidzwa neKrisimisi pakuvamba dzakanga dzisiri tsika dzeKrisimisi asi panzvimbo pezvo dzaiva tsika dzapamberi pechiKristu nedzisiri dzechiKristu dzakagamuchirwa nechechi yechiKristu. Saturnalia, mutambo wechiRoma waichengetwa pakati paDecember, wakagovera muenzaniso wetsika dzakawanda dzokufara dzeKrisimisi. Kubva mune uyu mutambo, somuenzaniso, makatorwa mutambo wamaoresa, kupiwa kwezvipo, uye kupiswa kwamakenduru.”
Pamusoro petsika yokupiwa kwezvipo, magazini inonzi History Today yakati: “Kupiwa kwezvipo mumutambo wapakati penguva yechando kunenge kwakavamba zvirokwazvo setsika yamashiripiti kupfuura kungovawo zvayo tsika yenzanga. Zvipo zveSaturnalia zvaibatanidza zvidhori zvamakenduru, zvaipiwa kuvana. Tsika yakaisvonaka, pasina panikiro, yakanga ichirangarirwa kuva yakaisvonaka pakuzosvika panguva yakanyorwa tsika yacho, asi ine nguva yakapfuura yokuuraya: kunyange vanhu vakararama panguva imwe chete apo iyi tsika yakatanga vakafunga kuti zvimwe ikoku chisaririra chezvibairo zvohunhu, zvavana, kuti zviunze chikomborero pakudyarwa kwembeu.”
The New York Times yaDecember 24, 1991, yakaratidzira nyaya yamavambo etsika dzeKrisimisi, kubatanidza kupa zvipo. Simon Schama, purofesa wenhau paHarvard University, akanyora, kuti: “Krisimisi iyo imene yakavakirwa pamitambo yekare iyo yaichengeta mutambo womunguva yechando . . . Muzana rechitatu ramakore, apo zvitendero zvokunamata zuva kufanana norudzidziso rweMithraic rwePersia zvakasvika kuRoma, mazuva omuna December akatsaurwa nokuda kwokuchengeta kuberekwazve kwaSol Invictus: zuva risingakundiki. . . .
“Chechi yapakuvamba muRoma yakanga yava zvikurukuru nerwisano yakakomba nemimwe mitambo miviri mikuru yechihedheni, Saturnalia wevhiki rose, uyo waivamba pana Dec. 17, uye Kalends, uyo waitangira Gore Idzva. Mutambo wokutanga waiva nguva yokutonga kwakashata kwaitenderwa, kazhinji kazhinji kwaitungamirirwa naishe wokufara, kwete naSanta [Claus] , asi naSaturn akakora iye amene, nyanzvi yokutamba kwoupengo yokudya, kunwa uye mamwe marudzi okusazvibata. Pakanga pari paKalends, apo gore rakachinja, zvisinei, apo zvipo zvaichinjanwa nenzira yomuitiro, kazhinji kazhinji zvaisungirirwa kumiti yaishongedzera dzimba zvakaisvonaka mukati memitambo.
“Chimiro chechechi yapakuvamba kuuku kufara kwose kusina dzikamo chakazivikanwa pachine nguva mberi kuti chakanga chisina kujeka. Madzibaba echechi, nomutoo wakajeka achiratidzira kusatendera nomutoo wakasimba St. John Chrysostom, haana kukurudzira kusabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nezvinonyangadza zvechihedheni. . . . Sezvo pakanga pasina bvumirano yavose pamusoro pomusi chaiwo wokuzvarwa kwaJesu . . . , kunofanira kuva kwakaratidzika kuva kunobetsera kuuita kuti utsive Saturnalia . . . Naizvozvo kuberekwazve kwezuva kwakavapo panzvimbo pokuzvarwazve kwoMwanakomana waMwari . . .
“Nenzira yakafanana, Kalends wakatsiviwa neMitambo yeEpiphany, uye zvipo nezvishongo izvo vaRoma vechihedheni vakanga vapanana zvakazova muripo unobhadharwa namadzimambo matatu kuna Mambo mutsva weNyika. Pakazosvika pakati pezana rechina ramakore, mativi makuru ekarenda reKrisimisi akaitwa kwechigarire.”
Nepo vanhu vakadzidza vachibvuma nenzira iri nyore mavambo echihedheni eKrisimisi netsika dzayo, vakawanda vanotaura kuti mavambo akadaro zvomenemene haasati ane mhaka. Achipindura nyaya yaPurofesa Schama, pakuvamba gore rino rabhi akarega basa akanyora mune imwe tsamba kumupepeti wenhau weTimes, kuti: “Mavambo etsika yakagadzwa haana chokuita noukoshi hwayo nhasi.” Pamusoro peKrisimisi nemimwe mitambo yakadaro, akataura, kuti: “Vachengeti vemitambo vavo vanoipa revo itsva iyo inopa donzo kuupenyu hwavo vamene uye vanosimudzira midzimu yavo mumufaro.”
Bva, kuchengetwa kweKrisimisi kunosimudzira midzimu mumufaro uye kunobereka zvibereko zvakaisvonaka zvechiKristu here? Nenzira yakajeka, sezvinobvumwa nyore nyore, zvibereko zvinowanzova zvakashata, zvisina kunaka. Uyezve, maKristu anofanira kubwereka kumitambo yorudzidziso yechihedheni here? Bhaibheri rinokurudzira, kuti: “Musasungwa zvisina kufanira pajoko pamwe chete navasingatendi; nokuti kururama kungava noukama hweiko nokusarurama? Chiedza chingayanana seiko nerima? Kristu unganzwana seiko naBheriari? . . . ‘“Saka budai pakati pavo, muzviraure,” ndizvo zvinotaura [Jehovha, NW] , “musabata chinhu chine tsvina.”’”—2 VaKorinte 6:14-17.
Yeukawo izvo Jesu akataura pamusoro pokunamatwa kwaMwari Wamasimba ose: “Avo vanomunamata vanofanira kumunamata nomudzimu nezvokwadi.” (Johane 4:24, NW) Nokudaro, kana kunamata kwedu kuchifanira kugamuchirwa naMwari, kunofanira kuvakirwa pazvokwadi. Bva, Krisimisi inosimudzirwa somusi wokuzvarwa waJesu Kristu kunyange zvazvo usati uri. Uye zvakadiniko navaunzi vezvipo zvinokarakadzwa vamashiripiti veKrisimisi, vakadai saSanta Claus? Apo vana vanotungamirirwa kudavira kuti zvipo zvinogamuchirwa kubva kuna vakadaro, ikoku zvomenemene hakusati kuchinyengedza vana here?
Kana uchiitira hanya chaizvoizvo Mwari, uchateerera murairo wake wokurega kutora rutivi mune icho chisina kuchena mune zvorudzidziso. Unoitira hanya zvakakwana zvokwadi kuti udzivise zororo rinoratidzira nhema here?
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]
Kune mufungo here kunyengedza vana kupfurikidza nokuvaudza kuti Santa Claus anovaunzira zvipo?