Nyika Inogona Kubatanidzwa Here?

‘Kazhinji kazhinji zvikuru, venga muvakidzani wako kwakaratidzika kuva chiratidzo cha 1992.’

NDIYO yakanga iri fungidziro yeNewsweek. Magazini yacho yakawedzera, kuti: “Idzi kamukano—muvakidzani nomuvakidzani, dzinza nedzinza, rudzi norudzi—ndichimwe chinhu chatave takarerekera kwachiri nguva dzose, uye zvinoitika zvegore rino zvinomutsa panikiro kana tiri kuwana unani hupi nohupi pakubatanidza iyi mikaha.”

Misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, kurwisa, kuuraya kukurusa, uye kubata zvibharo mune yaichimbova Yugoslavia zvakava misoro mikuru yamapepanhau kupote nyika yose. MuBosnia neHerzegovina moga, vazhinji savane 150 000 vakaurawa kana kuti vari kushaikwa. Uye vamwe 1 500 000 vakabviswa mumisha yavo. Unoti izvi zvinoitika zvisingafadzi hazvingatongoitiki munharaunda yenyu here?

Mukuru mukuru weCM José-María Mendiluce akanyevera, kuti: “Vanhu vanogona kushandurwa mukuva michina inovenga neinouraya pasina chinetso chakanyanyisa. . . . Pane murangariro muMadokero wokuti hondo iri kurwiwa nomutoo usingadzoreki maawa matatu kubva muVenice bedzi nokuti vanhu veBalkan vakasiana chose chose nevamwe vaEurope. Ichecho chikanganiso chine ngozi zvikuru.”

Apo Soviet Union yakaparadzwa muna 1991, masimba masimba amadzinza akatevera nokukurumidza. Vane 1 500 vakaurawa, uye vanenge 80 000 vakamanikidzwa kusiya misha yavo muyaichimbova Soviet republic of Georgia. Mazana akafa, uye zviuru zvakabviswa nokurwa muMoldova. Kwavewo kune kurasika kwoupenyu murwisano pakati pavaArmenia navaAzerbaijan, pamwe chete nomune dzimwe dzaichimbova Soviet republics.

Hurusa yedzaichimbova Soviet republics iRussia. Kunyange imomo mapoka mazhinji amadzinza ari kutsvaka kuita hurumende dzavo amene dzomunzvimbomo dzakazvimirira. Nokudaro, The European yakashuma chirimo chakapfuura, kuti: “Russian Federation yakanangana nokukamukana.” Pepanhau racho rakati: “Mumavhiki mashomanene akapfuura, nharaunda nhatu dzakavhotera kuzvizivisa dzimene kuva marepublic . . . Dzimwe nhatu dzakaratidzira ikoku vhiki rakapfuura iri kuti dzichatevera zvimwe chetezvo.”

Kana nyika dzakaparadzana dzikaitwa, mungave muchirwisana namazita asina kurovedzeka, akadai seKaliningrad, Tatarstan, Stavropolye, Chechnya, Vologda, Sverdlovsk, Bashkortostan, Yakutiya, uye Primorye. Ikoku hakunzwiki kuva kwakafanana neizvo zvakaitika muyaichimbova Yugoslavia—umo Serbia, Croatia, neSlovenia dzakaitwa uye umo dzimwezve nyika dzingaitwa here?

Munyori wehurumende weUnited States Warren Christopher akataura pamusoro po“kubuda kwerwisano dzamadzinza, bonderano dzorudzidziso nedzenharaunda dzakadzvinyirirwa kwenguva refu” ndokubvunza, kuti: “Kana tikasawana nzira iyo mapoka amadzinza akasiana anogona kugara pamwe chete munyika, tichava nenyika ngani?” Akataura kuti kwaizova nezviuru.

Kamukano Kunzvimbo Iri Yose

Irwisano ngani dzamadzinza, dzorudzidziso uye dzenharaunda dzaunodavira kuti dzave dzichiitika mukuvamba megore rino? Ungati 4, 7, 9, 13, zvichida kunyange 15 here? Muna February, The New York Times yakaronga hwerengedzo ye 48! Terevhizheni ingasagovera mifananidzo yezvitunha zvine ropa navana vakarovanywa norutyo rukuru kubva mudzose 48, asi ikoko kunoita ngwavaira yacho isiri chaiyoiyo nokuda kwavananyajambwa here?

Hakutongorina rutivi rwenyika yose uko kurwa kusingaratidziki kuva bviro. Nyika yokuMadokero yeAfrica yeLiberia yakaparadzwa namasimba masimba amadzinza. Mumwe mutungamiriri wechimurenga akawana tsigiro kubva kundudzi yeGio neyeMano kuti akurire purezidhendi, uyo aibva kuboka redzinza reKrahn. Vanopfuura 20 000 vakaurawa somuuyo wehondo yavagari vemo, uye mazana ezviuru akabviswa.

MuSouth Africa, vachena navatema vanorwisana muparapatiko yokudzora kwezvamatongerwo enyika. Asi kurwa kwacho hakusati kuchingova bedzi pakati pavatema navachena. Gore rakapfuura bedzi, vane 3 000 vakaurawa mukurwa pakati pamapoka avatema anorwisana.

MuSomalia vanenge 300 000 vakafa uye mirioni imwe yakasiiwa isisina misha apo kurwa kwedzinza kwakamuka mukuva hondo yavagari vemo. MuBurundi neRwanda, kurwa kwamadzinza pakati pavaHutu navaTutsi kwakatungamirira kuzviuru zvenzufu mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya.

Kurwa kunoratidzika sokunenge kusingadereri pakati pavaJudha namaArab muIsrael, pakati pavaHindu navaMuslim muIndia, uye pakati pavaPurotestendi navaKaturike muIreland. Masimba masimba oudzinza akamukawo gore rakapfuura muLos Angeles, California, kuchitora upenyu hunopfuura 40. Kupi nokupi vanhu vamadzinza akasiana, marudzi, kana kuti marudzidziso vanogara pedyo pamwe chete, rwisano dzinorura dzinoitika kazhinji kazhinji.

Vanhu vanogona kugadzikisa ichi chinetso chekakavadzano yamadzinza here?

Nhamburiko Dzakabatanidzwa Dzavanhu

Rangarira, somuenzaniso, izvo zvakaitika kunhamburiko muyaichimbova Yugoslavia neyaichimbova Soviet Union. Muna 1929, Yugoslavia yakaitwa muyedzo yokubatanidza kuva nyika imwe chete mapoka amadzinza akasiana-siana airarama kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurope. Soviet Union yakaitwa nenzira yakafanana kupfurikidza nokuunza pamwe chete vanhu vendudzi dzakasiana-siana vemviromviro, dzorudzidziso, uye nedzorudzi. Kwamakumi amakore akawanda nyika dzose dziri mbiri dzakanga dziine hurumende dzapakati dzakasimba dzaidzibatanidza pamwe chete, uye pakupedzisira kwakaratidzika kuti vagari vemo vavo vakanga vadzidza kugara pamwe chete.

“Mapu yedzinza yapamberi pehondo yeBosnia, uye zvamazvirokwazvo pamberi pehondo yeYugoslavia, yakanga yakaita sedehwe reingwe huru yeSouth America,” akatsanangura kudaro muSerbia akatanhamara. “Vanhu vacho vakanga vakasangana nomutoo usingaparadzanisiki.” Kutaura idi, inenge 15 muzana yeroorano muYugoslavia yakanga iri pakati pavanhu vamapoka amadzinza akasiana. Mugariro wakafanana wechinoratidzika kuva chinzwano wakanga waitwa nokusanganiswa kwamapoka amadzinza muSoviet Union.

Nokudaro, katyamadzo yakanga iri huru apo, pashure pamakumi amakore mazhinji orugare runooneka, masimba masimba amadzinza akamuka. Nhasi, seizvo mumwe mutori wenhau akanyora, vanhu zvino “vanotara pamapu mamiriro ezvaimbova Yugoslavia mudzinza, rudzidziso norudzi.” Neiko, apo idzi hurumende dzakasimba dzakawa, idzi nyika dzakakamukana?

Zvinhu Zvinoparira

Vanhu havavengi vanhu verimwe boka redzinza nenzira yomuzvarirwo. Seizvo rwiyo rwakakurumbira rwakamboti, unofanira ku‘dzidziswa nokungwarira kusati kwava kunyanyononoka, usati wava namakore matanhatu kana kuti manomwe kana masere, kuvenga vanhu vose hama dzako dzinovenga.’ Urwu rwiyo rwainongedzera kuna vanyakuroorana vane misiano yorudzi inooneka. Bva, mukuwirirana nenyanzvi youtano hwendangariro Zarka Kovac, vanhu muyaichimbova Yugoslavia havatongorina “misiano kunyama.” Kunyanguvezvo, masimba masimba akanyanyisa zvokusagona kunzwisiswa. “Unotswanya-tswanya munhu wawauraya kuti usazive hama yako,” akadaro Kovac.

Nomutoo wakajeka, ruvengo rwakadaro rwourudzi norwedzinza harusi kumuzvarirwo wohunhu. Vanhu vakasanodzidziswa navezveparadziro uye hama dzokunyama dzinotaura zvakashata zvomunguva yakapfuura. Ndiani angagona kuva anokutsigira kose? Achiedza kunzwisisa ushati hwehondo, muzvinabhizimisi wokuSarajevo akasundwa kugumisa, kuti: “Pashure pegore rehondo yeBosnia ndinorangarira kuti Satani anoparira mugariro wacho. Uhu hupengo chaihwoihwo.”

Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vasingadaviri kuvapo kwaSatani Dhiabhorosi, Bhaibheri rinonongedzera kukuvapo kwomunhu asingaoneki, ane simba rinopfuura rohunhu uyo ane tapuro huru yakashata pamufambiro worudzi rwomunhu. (Mateo 4:1-11; Johane 12:31) Apo unofunga pamusoro pakwo—pamusoro pefungira mano yose, ruvengo, namasimba masimba zvisina mufungo—zvimwe ungabvuma kuti Bhaibheri harisi risingadaviriki apo rinoti: “Uyo anonzi Dhiabhorosi naSatani . . . ari kunyengera pasi rose rinogarwa.”—Zvakazarurwa 12:9, NW; 1 Johane 5:19.

Mwaranzi Yetariro

Apo tinorangarira kusaterama kwenyika kwemisi ichangobva kupfuura, fungidziro yorudzi rwomunhu rwakabatikana inoratidzika kuva iri kure kupfuura nakare kwose. Rwisano dzourudzi nedzinza dzinotyisidzira kuvapo kwomunhu kupfuura nakare kose. Bva, pakati peiri rima renyika yose, mwaranzi yetariro inopenya zvakajeka. Mukati mechirimo cha 1993, boka ravanhu vanobva mumapoka amadzinza anorwisana rakaratidzira chisungo chakarovedzeka icho chakavabvumira kupfuura kakavadzano yamadzinza uye kushanda pamwe chete murudo nechinzwano.

Nomutoo wechienzi, ichi chisungo chakabvumikisa kuva chikonzero chaicho icho kazhinji kazhinji chakakamuranisa rudzi rwomunhu—rudzidziso. Magazini yeTime yakashuma, kuti: “Kana ukatsvaka undunzi, kana kuti urudzi hupi nohupi hunodenha, unowana kazhinji kazhinji pasi pepamusoro pahwo musimboti worudzidziso . . . Ruvengo rworudzidziso runowanzova rusina tsitsi uye rwakakwana.” Mumufungo wakafanana, India Today yakati: “Rudzidziso rwave rwuri chiratidzo icho pasi pacho mhaka zhinji dzakashata dzave dzichibva. . . . Runosunungura masimba masimba makuru uye isimba rinoparadza zvikuru.”

Zvamazvirokwazvo, rudzidziso nguva dzose rutivi rwechinetso, kwete chigadzikiso. Asi iri boka rimwe rorudzidziso radunzwa pamusoro apa—boka rine zviverengero zvechokwadi—rakaratidza kuti rudzidziso runogona kubatanidza, kwete kukamuranisa. Ndivanaani chaizvoizvo vanoumba iri boka? Uye nei vakafarikanya budiriro dzinokatyamadza nepo vamwe vakakundikana? Mumhinduro tinokukokera kurava nyaya dzinotevera. Kuita kudaro kungasanokupa murangariro mutsva pamusoro penguva yemberi yorudzi rwomunhu.

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Graveyard in Bosnia. Haley/Sipa Press