Vafundisi—Ndivanaani Vanofanira Kugadza Muenzaniso?

JESU Kristu asati arayira vateveri vake kuita vadzidzi, mamwe marudzidziso akanga atove achiita mubato woufundisi usina kutsarukana. Akati kuti akaita ikoku kupfuura mamwe, sezvo asati ari marudzidziso ose ane mutoo wapose, ndiko kuti, haasiri ose anodzidzisa shoko rakanzwiwa kuva rinoshanda zvakaenzana kuvanhu vose.

Somuenzaniso, mukuwirirana neThe Encyclopedia of Religion, chiono chapose chakadaro chinoonekwa zvishomanene “muzvitendero zvamarudzidziso endudzi nechiShintō, uye zvinooneka zvishoma mumarudzi akawanda echiConfucius, chiJudha, uye chiZoroastria.” Aya marudzidziso anoparadzirwa “zvikuru kupfurikidza nokutama kwavanhu kana kupfurikidza nokubatana pashoma napashoma kwavavakidzani vari pedyo nepedyo kupfuura kupfurikidza nemibato youfundisi yakarongwa.”

“ChiHindu chinomirira muenzaniso chaiwo uye wakaoma kunzwisiswa zvikuru kwazvo,” enisaikoropedhiya inowedzera kudaro. “Nepo chiri chakafanana namagamuchidzanwa okusatumira vafundisi mumativi akawanda,” chapararira kupfurikidza nokugamuchirwa pashoma napashoma navasati vari vaHindu, icho, pane rumwe rutivi, “chakava nenhambo dzomubato woufundisi wesimba.”

“Marudzidziso ayo ari kushanda pari zvino anotaura kuti anoda kudzidzisa shoko rinonzwiwa kuva rinoshanda zvakaenzana kuvanhu vose nerinoratidza rushingairo rwoufundisi rwakakura zvikurusa kupfuura nzvimbo yamavambo,” anodaro Max L. Stackhouse wapaAndover Newton Theological School, anobatanidza chiIslam nechiBuddha. Zvisinei, vafundisi vechiIslam havati vaigona kuve vakabatira semienzaniso nokuda kwavafundisi vechiKristu, nokuti nhambo yechiIslam haina kuvamba kutozosvikira makore anenge 590 pashure pomurayiro waKristu wokuita vadzidzi. ChiBuddha, kune rumwe rutivi, chakatangira kugadzwa kwechiKristu neinodokuva nhambo imwe cheteyo yenguva iyo chiIslam chakachitevera.

Muenzaniso Wokushivirira

Gamuchidzanwa rinotaura kuti Buddha akatanga mubato wakarongwa kupfurikidza nokuudza vadzidzi vake, kuti: “Endai, mamongi, paridzai Dzidziso yakakurumbira, . . . vaviri venyu ngavarege kupinda munzvimbo imwe cheteyo!” Mibato youfundisi yomwero mukuru hunyanguvezvo yave iri mishomanene, kunyange zvazvo vafundisi vechiBuddha vaiva vari muEurope pakuvamba somuzana ramakore rechina P.N.V. Muzvinoitika zvizhinjisa rudzidziso rwakaparadzirwa navanhu vamwe navamwe panzvimbo penhamburiko yakarongwa youfundisi kupfurikidza navanamuzvinashavo vanofambira, vanoenda kunzvimbo tsvene, kana vadzidzi. Chakasvika China uye mativi akasiyana-siyana eSoutheast Asia, somuenzaniso, kupfurikidza nenzira dzokutengesa dzomugungwa uye dzomunyika.

Erik Zürcher wapaUniversity of Leiden muNetherlands anoti kuparadzirwa kwechiBuddha kwaiitwa zvikurukuru nezvinhu zvitatu. Chimwe “chimiro chendangariro chokushivirira kumarudzidziso ose” chechiBuddha. Ikoku kwakabvumira kugamuchirwa kuri nyore nyore kwe“zvitendero zvisati zviri zvechiBuddha sezvokutanga uye wadzanyuro dzisina kukwana dzezvokwadi” uye kunyange kupinzwa kwa“vamwari vasati vari vechiBuddha muvamwari vacho vakawanda.”

Chinhu chechipiri ndechokuti vafundisi vechiBuddha vakapinda muunonzi “mumamirire ezvinhu okusava nomusha,” awo anoreva kuti vakaramba nzvimbo dzose dzenyika. Vasina ganhuriro yegadziriro yedzinza, ine revo yorudzidziso iyo vaBuddha vakaramba, vaigona kuvhengana navokumwe vasina rutyo rweshatiswo yemiitiro.

Chinhu chechitatu ndechokuti manyoro matsvene echiBuddha akanga asina kubatanidzwa nomutauro mumwe wakati upi noupi unoyera. Aigona kushandurirwa nyore nyore mumutauro upi noupi. “Zvikurukuru muChina,” Zürcher anoti, “vafundisi vokumwe vakatanhamara zvikurusa vose vakanga vachishingaira savashanduri.” Kutaura idi, vakashandura kusvika kutambanuko yokuti chiChina chakava mutauro mukuru wechitatu nokuda kwamabhuku echiBuddha, pamwe chete nechiPali nechiSanskrit.

Pakati pezana ramakore rechitatu P.N.V., mutongi woumambo hweIndia, Mambo Aśoka, akaita zvakawanda kukurumbirisa chiBuddha, achisimbisawo mativi acho oufundisi. Mukati meiyi nhambo yapamberi pechiKristu, kunyanguvezvo, chiBuddha chakaramba chiri zvikurukuru muIndia neiyo iri nhasi Sri Lanka. Pakupedzisira, pakanga pari bedzi pashure pamavambo enhambo yechiKristu apo chiBuddha chakapararira muChina, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam, uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Vafundisi vechiBuddha vakaenda kuChina sezviri pachena vakasaona chinhu chisina kururama nokuchinja rudzidziso rwavo kuruita runogamuchirwa zvikuru. The Encyclopedia of Religion rinoti “manyoro anokosha echiBuddha akapiwa kududzira kutsva; mabhuku okukumbira ruregerero, madetembedzo matsva, uye mitemo mitsva nemirayiro zvakaparadzirwa izvo zvakachinja uye, zvamazvirokwazvo, zvakashandura mativi eshoko rechiBuddha zvokuti iro raigona kuva rutivi, uye munzira dzakati kukasimbisa, mativi amarudzidziso avanhu vemo neechiConfucius nechiTao enyika iyeyo.”

Padzimwe nguva, sezvo nyaya dzomunguva yemberi munhevedzano ino dzicharatidza, vafundisi vechiKristudhomu vakatevera muenzaniso wevokutanga voufundisi hwechiBuddha. Nepo ivo vakashandurira manyoro avo matsvene mumimwe mitauro, ivo kazhinji kazhinji vakabvumira, kana kunyange kusimudzira, sezvo wezvenhau Will Durant anotaura, “kupinzwa kwokutenda kwechihedheni nomuitiro” mumiitiro yavo yorudzidziso.

Kutevera “Mufundisi Mukuru”

Judaism and Christian Beginnings inotsanangura kuti chiJudha hachina kusimudzira mubato woufundisi mupfungwa imwe cheteyo iyo chiKristu chakaita asi “hachina kutendeutsa zvikuru.” Bva, munyori webhuku, Samuel Sandmel, anotaura kuti “pakanga pane kugombedzera kunenge kwaiitika-kwaitikazve, kunenge kwapanhambo nenhambo, kwakuri.”

Sandmel anotsanangura kuti “mumabhuku avaRabhi Baba Abrahama vanowanzoratidzirwa somufundisi mukuru.” Anorangarira kuti uku “kurangarirwa kwaAbrahama somufundisi kwaisagona zvirokwazvo kuve kwakamuka kudai kwakanga kusina kuvako chimiro chendangariro chakati munenge mumativi akati echiJudha airatidzika kuva akanaka pakutsvaka vatendeuki kwokushingaira kana zvimwe, panenge pakugamuchirwa mukutenda kwavo pachavo vamene vakatsvaka kutendeuka.”a

Sezviri pamhene, mukati mamazana maviri amakore pashure chaipo peNguva yaVose, mubato woufundisi wechiJudha wakakudzwa, zvikurukuru munyika dzinotaura chiGiriki, sezvo marudzidziso echihedheni akavamba kurasikirwa nefariro yavo. Uyu mubato wakapfuurira ndokupinda chaizvo muNguva yaVose, asi wakarambidzwa muzana ramakore rechina N.V., apo Umambo hweRoma hwakagamuchira chimiro chakaneteswa chechiKristu sorudzidziso rwahwo rwapamutemo.

Kugadza Muenzaniso

Muenzaniso wakagadzwa navafundisi vechiJudha, zvisinei, wakanga usati uri icho vafundisi vechiKristu vakaudzwa kutevera. Kutaura idi, pamusoro pavaFarise vechiJudha vomuzuva rake, Jesu akati: “Munofamba pagungwa napanyika kuti muite mutendeuki mumwe, uye ipapo munoita kuti ave akafanirwa noruparadziko kakapetwa kaviri kupfuura zvamuri imi mumene.” (Mateo 23:15, Phillips) Naizvozvo kunyange zvazvo vairangarira Abrahama so“mufundisi mukuru,” vafundisi vechiJudha sezviri pamhene havana kuita vatendeuki vakanga vane rudzi rwokutenda Abrahama akanga anarwo muna Jehovha Mwari.

Nokuda kwavafundisi vechiKristu muenzaniso waizoteverwa muenzaniso wakakwana wakapiwa nomufundisi mukuru akatanhamara, Jesu Kristu. Pamberi chaipo pokupa murayiro wake wokuita vadzidzi, akavamba kurovedza vadzidzi vake vapakuvamba kuita mubato woufundisi wamarudzi ose uwo irori raizobatanidza. Sezvo raizova basa raizogara mazana amakore, mubvunzo wakanga wakakodzera wokuti, Vateveri vaKristu vaizoomerera kumuenzaniso waakanga apa here?

Sezvo zana rokutanga ramakore reNguva yaVose rakapera, mhinduro yakanga ichigere kuoneka. Hakuna kudaro nhasi, sezvo zana ramakore rechi 20 rinopera. Makore 1 900 omubato woufundisi wakapfuura wavainzi vateveri vaKristu anogona kuonwa zvakajeka.

Nokuda kwomuenzaniso weicho vafundisi vechiKristudhomu vakaita, cherekedza zvakaitika kwamazana amakore anoverengeka muMexico. Mukurava nhauro inotevera, zvibvunze umene kuti, ‘Vave vari vatumwa vechiedza here kana vatumwa verima?’

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 23]

Jesu akatanga basa roufundisi rechiKristu, achirovedza uyeachigadza muenzaniso wavaizotevera