Nyika Isina Utsotsi Iri Kupi?

Mariro ake akanga ari mamwe amakuru zvikuru ayo Moscow yakanga yava nawo kwenguva refu zvikuru. Zviuru zvavanhu zvakaita mitsetse mumigwagwa kuti zviratidzire kuremekedza kwazvo kwokupedzisira kuwokuRussia muduku ane upenyu hwakanga hwagumiswa kamwe kamwe pana March 1, 1995, nemabara evaurayi. Apfurwa ndokufa panodokuva pasuo rake, Vladislav Listyev, akaziviswa kuva munyori wenhau akatanhamara wegore racho muna 1994, akanga ave ari muvaraidzi akakurumbira zvikuru womuterevhizheni.

DZISINGASVIKI vhiki nhatu gare gare, pana March 20, chitima chinofamba nepasi pevhu cheTokyo chakanga chiri munhambo yacho yokushanda zvikuru yamangwanani-ngwanani apo chakarovanywa nedenho yegasi ine muchetura. Vanoverengeka vakafa; vamwe vazhinji vakakuvadzwa zvakakomba.

Ipapo pana April 19, Guta reOklahoma rakava nhau yengwariro yevaoni veterevhizheni munyika yose. Vakatarira mukutyiswa zvikuru sezvo vashandi vokununura vakabudisa miviri yakakuvadzwa kubva muchivako chehurumende chakanga chichangobva kuparadzwa nebhomba regandanga. Vakafa vakanga vari 168.

Mukupera kwaJune wegore rino, imwe denho yakadaro, pedyo neDhahran, Saudi Arabia, yakauraya vokuAmerica 19 ndokukuvadza vamwe 400.

Izvi zviitiko zvina zvinoratidzira kuti utsotsi huri kuwedzera zvikuru. Utsotsi “hwenguva dzose” huri kuwedzerwa zvikuru kwahuri nezviito zvoutsinye hwougandanga. Uye zviitiko zvose zviri zvina—chimwe nechimwe munzira yacho yakasiyana—zvinoratidza kuti munhu ari wose ava asina dziviriro sei kudenho youtsotsi. Ungave uri pamusha, pabasa, kana kuti mumugwagwa, unogona kuva mumwe wavanyajambwa vahwo. Zvirokwazvo, nzvero yeBritain yakaratidza kuti zvinenge zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvevokuBritain vanofunga kuti vane bviro huru yokuva nyajambwa woutsotsi zvino kupfuura zvavakanga vari makore gumi akapfuura. Mumiriro wezvinhu kwaunogara ungava wakafanana.

Vagari vomunyika vanochengeta mitemo vanoshuva hurumende iyo ichaita zvinopfuura kungodzora utsotsi. Vanoda hurumende ichahugumisa chaizvoizvo. Uye nepo mwero mikuru youtsotsi ingakarakadza kuti dzimwe hurumende dzinobudirira zvikuru mukudzivirira utsotsi kupfuura dzimwe, mumiriro wezvinhu wose zvawo unoratidza kuti hurumende yomunhu iri kukundwa mukurwisana kwayo noutsotsi. Kunyange zvakadaro, hakusati kuri kusiri kwechokwadi kana kuti Kwokufungidzira kudavira kuti hurumende ichakurumidza kugumisa utsotsi. Asi hurumende ipi? Uye rini?

[Bhokisi/Mepu iri papeji 4, 5]

NYIKA IZERE NOUTSOTSI

EUROPE: Bhuku rechiItalian (“Mukana Nembavha”) rakataura kuti munhambo pfupi, nhamba youtsotsi hwakaitwa pazvinhu muItaly yakanga “yasvika nhamba dzapamusoro idzo dzaimborangarirwa kuva dzisingabviri.” Ukraine, ripabhuriki yeyaichimbova Soviet Union, yakashuma utsotsi 490 pavagari vemo 100 000 voga voga muna 1985 uye 922 pakazosvika 1992. Nhamba yacho inopfuurira kuwedzera. Hakushamisi kuti pepanhau reRussia (“Zvibvumikiso Nemaidi”) rakanyora, kuti: “Tinoshuva zvikuru kurarama—kuramba tiri vapenyu—kupukunyuka iyi nhambo inotyisa yenguva . . . tinotya kukwira chitima—chingagona kubudiswa munjanji kana kuti kuparadzwa; tinotya kufamba nendege—kubirwa ndekwenguva dzose kana kuti ndege yacho ingagona kudonha; tinotya kukwira chitima chepasi pevhu—nemhaka yokubonderana kana kuti kuputika; tinotya kufamba mumigwagwa—ungagona kuva pakati pevanopfurana kana kuti kubirwa, kubatwa chibharo, kurohwa, kana kuti kuurawa; tinotya kukwira motokari—ingagona kupiswa, kuputitswa, kana kuti kubiwa; tinotya kupinda mumikoto yezvivako zvemafurati, dzimba dzavose dzokudyira, kana kuti zvitoro—ungagona kukuvadzwa kana kuti kuurawa muchimwe chipi nechipi chaizvozvi.” Magazini yeHungary inonzi HVG yakafananidza guta rine mushana zvikuru riri muHungary ne“dzimbahwe reMafia,” ichitaura kuti mumakore matatu akapfuura, rave riri “nzvimbo yokutangira yorudzi rutsva rwuri rwose rwoutsotsi . . . Zviitiko zvinotevedzana zvokutya zviri kuwedzera sezvo vanhu vanoona mapurisa asina kugadzirira kurwisa vaMafia.”

AFRICA: Daily Times yeNigeria yakashuma kuti “masangano edzidzo yakakwirira” ari munyika yeWest Africa akanga achiva ne“fungu rokutya, rakabudiswa nemitezo yemasekete epachivande: kunenge kusvika kupfundo rokurambidza kurondwa kwokuitwa kwedzidzo yakakwirira ine revo ipi neipi.” Yakapfuurira, kuti: “Fungu racho riri kuva rakapararira nenzira inowedzera, richikumbanirwa nokurasikirwa noupenyu nezvinhu.” Nezveimwe nyika yeAfrica, The Star yeSouth Africa yakashuma, kuti: “Kune zvimiro zviviri zvemasimba masimba: kurwisana pakati penzanga, uye masimba masimba eutsotsi enguva dzose. Chokutanga chakaderera zvikuru, chechipiri chakawedzera zvikuru.”

OCEANIA: Institute of Criminology yeAustralia yakafungidzira kuti utsotsi imomo hunoita ndyiko “dzinenge mabhiriyoni $27 gore rimwe nerimwe, kana kuti inodokuva $1600 nokuda kwomurume mumwe nomumwe, mukadzi uye mwana.” Iyoyi i“nenge 7,2 muzana yechinhu chikuru chenyika.”

NYIKA DZEAMERICA: The Globe and Mail yeCanada yakashuma wedzero muutsotsi hwamasimba masimba muCanada mukati menhambo ichangobva kupfuura yemakore 12 akatevedzana, yose iri “rutivi rwomuitiro uyo wakaparira wedzero ye50 muzana mumasimba masimba mukati memakore gumi akapfuura.” Munguvayi, El Tiempo yeColombia yakashuma kuti muColombia, kunyerudza 1 714 kwakaitika mugore rimwe richangobva kupfuura, “nhamba inopfuura kakapetwa kaviri kunyerudzwa kwose kwakashumwa munyika yose mukati menhambo imwe cheteyo.” Maererano neJustice Department of Mexico, mhaka yevatano yakaparwa mudzimbahwe rayo maawa mana ari ose mukati megore rimwe richangobva kupfuura. Mumwe mukadzi ari mumiririri akaonesa kuti zana ramakore rechi20 rakaratidzirwa nokuderera mukukosha kwavanhu. “Tinorarama muchizvarwa chinoti chishandise uye ipapo chirase,” akagumisa kudaro.

MUNYIKA YOSE: Bhuku rinonzi The United Nations and Crime Prevention rinoratidza “wedzero yakadzikama munyika yose mumubato woutsotsi muma1970 nema1980.” Rinoti: “Nhamba youtsotsi hwakanyorwa yakawedzera kubva pamamiriyoni 330 muna 1975 kusvika kuinoda kuva mamiriyoni 400 muna 1980 uye inofungidzirwa kuva yakasvika hafu yebhiriyoni muna 1990.”

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo]

Map and globe: Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1995 Digital Wisdom, Inc.

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]

Pasi riri papeji 3, 6, uye 9: NASA photo