Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 9—1 Samueri

Vanyori: Samueri, Gadhi, Natani

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Israeri

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 1078 B.C.E.

Nguva Yakafukidzwa: Munenge muna 1180–1078 B.C.E.

1. Ichinjoi huru mukurongwa kworudzi rwaIsraeri yakasvika muna 1117 B.C.E., uye mamiriroi ezvinhu aizotevera pashure pacho?

MUGORE ra1117 B.C.E., makava nechinjo huru mukurongwa kworudzi rwaIsraeri. Mambo womunhu akagadzwa! Ikoku kwakaitika apo Samueri akanga achibatira somuporofita waJehovha muna Israeri. Kunyange zvazvo Jehovha akanga afanokuziva ndokufanokutaura, zvisinei chinjo kuna mambo, sezvakadikanwa navanhu vaIsraeri, yakasvika sechiito chinokatyamadza kuna Samueri. Kunyange zvazvo iye akanga ave akazvipira kubasa raJehovha kubvira pakuberekwa, uye kunyange zvazvo iye akanga akazadzwa nokubvuma kwokuremekedza kuva mambo kwaJehovha, Samueri akafanoona migumisiro ine ngwavaira nokuda kwemitezo biyake yorudzi rutsvene rwaMwari. Samueri akatera kuzvikumbiro zvavo bedzi panhungamiro yaJehovha. “Zvino Samueri akaudza vanhu tsika dzoushe, akadzinyora mubhuku, akazvichengeta pamberi paJehovha.” (1 Sam. 10:25) Nokudaro nhambo yavatongi yakasvika mugumo, uye nhambo yamadzimambo avanhu yakavamba iyo yaizoona Israeri achimukira kusimba risingaenzaniswi nomukurumbira, kuzongondowira bedzi pakupedzisira mukunyadziswa nokubviswa munyasha dzaJehovha.

2. Ndivanaani vakanyora bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga, uye zvii zvakanga zviri zvikwaniriso zvavo?

² Ndianiko aizokwanirisa kuti aite chinyorwa choumwari cheiyi nhambo huru? Nomutoo wakakodzera, Jehovha akasarudza Samueri akatendeka kuti atange kunyora. Samueri rinoreva kuti “Zita raMwari,” uye iye akanga ari zvirokwazvo akatanhamara somutsigiri wezita raJehovha mumazuva iwawo. Kunoratidzika kuti Samueri akanyora maganhuro 24 okutanga ebhuku racho. Ipapo, parufu rwake, Gadhi naNatani vakatanga kunyora, vachipedzisa makore okupedzisira mashomanene echinyorwa chacho kusvikira kurufu rwaSauro. Ikoku kunoratidzirwa na1 Makoronike 29:29 (NW), iyo inorava, kuti: “Kana ari mabasa aDhavhidhi mambo, okutanga neokupedzisira, akanyorwa pakati pamashoko aSamueri muoni uye pakati pamashoko aNatani muporofita uye pakati pamashoko aGadhi muoni wezviono.” Kusafanana naMadzimambo naMakoronike, mabhuku aSamueri anodokusatongoita nongedzero kuzvinyorwa zvapakuvamba zvikuru, uye nokudaro venhambo imweyo vaDhavhidhi Samueri, Gadhi, uye Natani vanosimbiswa savanyori. Vatatu vose vavarume ivava vaiva nenzvimbo dzokuvimbwa savaporofita vaJehovha uye vaishora kunamata zvidhori kwakanga kwasveta simba rorudzi.

3. (a) Bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rakava sei bhuku reBhaibheri rakaparadzana? (b) Rakapedzwa rini, uye rinofukidza nhamboi?

³ Mabhuku maviri aSamueri pakuvamba akanga ari mupumburu mumwe, kana kuti vhoriyamu. Samueri akakamurwa kuva mabhuku maviri apo urwu rutivi rweSeptuagint yechiGiriki rwakabudiswa. MuSeptuagint, bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rainzi Umambo Hwokutanga. Uku kukamurwa nezita rokuti bhuku raMadzimambo Rokutanga zvakagamuchirwa neVulgate yechiRatini uye zvinopfuurira mumaBhaibheri eKaturike kusvikira kuzuva rino. Kuti bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga neRechipiri pakuvamba aiumba bhuku rimwe kunoratidzwa mumanyoro eMasoretic anonongedzera kuna 1 Samueri 28:24, ayo anotaura kuti iyi ndima iri pakati pebhuku raSamueri. Bhuku racho rinoratidzika kuve rakapedzwa munenge muna 1078 B.C.E. Nokudaro bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga sezvinobvira rinofukidza nhambo yaanoti pfuurei zvishoma makore ane zana, kubvira munenge muna 1180 kusvikira ku1078 B.C.E.

4. Ururami hwechinyorwa chiri mubhuku raSamueri Rokutanga hwakatsigirwa sei?

⁴ Kune ufakazi hwakawanda pamusoro poururami hwechinyorwa chacho. Nzvimbo dzamamiriro apasi dzinokodzera zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa. Nomutoo unofadza, denho inobudirira yaJonatani pauto ravaFiristia paMikmashi, iyo yakatungamirira kukuparadzwa chose chose kwavaFiristia, yakadzokororwa muHondo yeNyika I nomukuru mukuru weUto weBritain, uyo sezvinoshumwa akaparadzanya vaTurk kupfurikidza nokutevera zviratidzo zvenyika zvinorondedzerwa muchinyorwa chakafuridzirwa chaSamueri.—14:4-14.a

5. Vanyori veBhaibheri vanopupurira sei uchokwadi hwebhuku raSamueri Rokutanga?

⁵ Zvisinei, kunotova nezvibvumikiso zvakasimba zvikuru zvokufuridzirwa uye uchokwadi hwebhuku racho. Rine zadziko inokatyamadza youporofita hwaJehovha hwokuti Israeri aizokumbira mambo. (Dheut. 17:14; 1 Sam. 8:5) Makore gare gare, Hosea akasimbisa chinyorwa charo, achinokora mashoko aJehovha saanoti, “Ini ndakapfuurira kukupai mambo ndakatsamwa, uye ini ndichamubvisa ndine hasha.” (Hos. 13:11, NW) Petro akaratidzira kuti Samueri akafuridzirwa apo iye akazivisa Samueri somuporofita uyo akanga ‘azivisa pachena mazuva’ aJesu. (Mabasa 3:24) Pauro akanokora mashoko a1 Samueri 13:14 mukusimbisa nokupfupikisa nhoroondo yaIsraeri. (Mabasa 13:20-22) Jesu amene akaratidzira nhau yacho seyechokwadi kupfurikidza nokubvunza vaFarise muzuva rake, kuti: “Ko hamuna kurava here zvakaitwa naDhavhidhi, musi waakanga aziya, iye navakanga vanaye?” Iye ipapo akarondedzera nhoroondo yokukumbira kwaDhavhidhi chingwa chokuratidza. (Mat. 12:1-4; 1 Sam. 21:1-6) Ezra akagamuchirawo nhoroondo yacho seyechokwadi, sezvatodudzwa.—1 Mako. 29:29.

6. Ndohupi humwe ufakazi hwomukati hweBhaibheri hunoratidza bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga kuva rechokwadi?

⁶ Iyi zvairi nhoroondo yokutanga yemibato yaDhavhidhi, kududzwa kuri kwose kwaDhavhidhi muMagwaro ose kunosimbisa bhuku raSamueri seriri rutivi rweShoko rakafuridzirwa raMwari. Zvimwe zvezviitiko zvaro zvinotonongedzerwa kwazviri mumashoko anorondedzera emapisarema aDhavhidhi, sepaPisarema 59 (1 Sam. 19:11), Pisarema 34 (1 Sam. 21:13, 14), uye Pisarema 142 (1 Sam. 22:1 kana kuti 1 Sam. 24:1, 3). Nokudaro, ufakazi hwomukati hweShoko raMwari amene hunopupurira pasina nharo uchokwadi hwebhuku raSamueri Rokutanga.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RASAMUERI ROKUTANGA

7. Nhau iri mubhuku racho ine chokuita noupenyu hwavatungamiriri vapi muna Israeri?

⁷ Bhuku racho rinofukidza murutivi kana kuti zvakazara nduramo dzose dzavana vavatungamiriri vaIsraeri: Eri muprista mukuru, Samueri muporofita, Sauro mambo wokutanga, uye Dhavhidhi akazodzwa kuva mambo anotevera.

8. Ndaapi ari mamiriro ezvinhu okuberekwa kwaSamueri neokuva kwake “mushumiri waJehovha”?

⁸ Kutonga kwaEri naSamueri mupwere (1:1–4:22). Nhoroondo yacho zvainotanga, tinosumwa kuna Hana, nyachide waErikana, muRevhi. Haana mbereko uye anosekwa nokuda kwaikoku nomumwe mudzimai waErikana, Penina. Apo mhuri iri kuita imwe yeshanyo dzayo dzegore negore kuShiro, uko areka yesungano yaJehovha iri, Hana anonyengetera nesimba kuna Jehovha nokuda kwomwanakomana. Anopikira kuti kana munyengetero wake ukapindurwa, achapa mwana wacho kubasa raJehovha. Mwari anopindura munyengetero wake, uye iye anosununguka mwanakomana, Samueri. Nokukurumidza paanorumurwa, anomuunza kuimba yaJehovha ndokumuisa mutarisiro yomuprista mukuru, Eri, somunhu ano‘piwa kuna Jehovha.’ (1:28) Hana ipapo anotaura amene murwiyo rwokufara rwokuonga nomufaro. Mukomana wacho anova “mushumiri waJehovha pamberi paEri muprista.”—2:11, NW.

9. Samueri anova sei muporofita muna Israeri?

⁹ Zvose hazvina kunakira Eri. Akwegura, uye vanakomana vake vaviri vava vasina kutendeka vasina maturo avo “vasingabvumi Jehovha.” (2:12, NW) Vanoshandisa havo nzvimbo yavo youprista kuti vagutse makaro avo noruchiva rwoutere. Eri anokundikana kuvaruramisa. Nokudaro Jehovha anopfuurira kutumira mashoko oumwari mukurwisana neimba yaEri, achinyevera kuti “hapangazovi nomutana muimba yako” uye kuti vanakomana vose vari vaviri vaEri vachafa pazuva rimwe. (1 Sam. 2:30-34, NW; 1 Madz. 2:27) Pakupedzisira, Iye anotuma mukomana Samueri kuna Eri neshoko rorutongeso rinounga nzeve. Nokudaro Samueri muduku anozivikanwa somuporofita muna Israeri.—1 Sam. 3:1, 11.

10. Jehovha anoita sei rutongeso paimba yaEri?

¹⁰ Munguva yakafanira Jehovha anoita urwu rutongeso kupfurikidza nokuunza vaFiristia. Hondo zvainomukira Israeri, vaIsraeri, vachidanidzira nenzwi guru, vanounza areka yesungano kubva Shiro ichienda kumusasa wavo wehondo. Vachinzwa kudanidzira uye vachiziva kuti Areka yakanga yapinzwa mumusasa wavaIsraeri, vaFiristia vanozvisimbisa vamene ndokuwana rukundo runokatyamadza, vachiparadza chose chose vaIsraeri. Areka inotapwa, uye vanakomana vaviri vaEri vanofa. Mwoyo wake unodedera, Eri unonzwa mushumo. Pakududzwa kweAreka, anowa negotsi achibva pachigaro chake ndokufa nokuvhunika mutsipa. Nokudaro kutonga kwake kwamakore 40 kunoguma. Zvirokwazvo, “Mbiri yabva pana Israeri,” nokuti Areka inomirira kuvapo kwaJehovha navanhu vake.—4:22, NW.

11. Areka inobvumikisa sei kusava zango ramashiripiti?

¹¹ Samueri anotonga Israeri (5:1–7:17). Zvino vaFiristiawo vanofanira kuziva kukusuruvara kwavo kukuru kuti areka yaJehovha haifaniri kushandiswa sezango ramashiripiti. Apo vanopinza Areka mutembere yaDhagoni paAshdhodhi, mwari wavo anowira pasi nechiso chake. Pazuva rinotevera Dhagoni anowirazve nechiso pachikumbaridzo, nguva ino musoro wake nezvanza zvose zviri zviviri zvavhunika. Ikoku kunotanga muitiro wavaFiristia wokudavira mashura wo‘kusatsika pachikumbaridzo chaDhagoni.’ (5:5) VaFiristia vanochimbidza kuendesa Areka kuGati uye tevere kuEkroni asi pasina maturo! Zvitambudzo zvinouya muchimiro chokuvhunduka, mamota, uye denda ramakonzo. Madzishe anokutsirana avaFiristia, mukupererwa nezano rose kwokupedzisira sezvo vanofa vanowedzera, vanodzorera Areka kuna Israeri iri mungoro itsva inodhonzwa nemhou mbiri dzakanga dzichimwisa. PaBheti-shemeshi ngwavaira inowira vamwe vavaIsraeri nemhaka yokuti vanotarira paAreka. (1 Sam. 6:19; Num. 4:6, 20) Pakupedzisira, Areka inozorora mumba maAbhinadhabhi muguta raRevhi reKiriati-jearimi.

12. Zvikomboreroi zvinobva mukureverera kwaSamueri kunamata kwakarurama?

¹² Kwamakore 20 Areka inoramba iri muimba yaAbhinadhabhi. Samueri, akura kuva murume, anokurudzira Israeri kubvisa vanaBhaari nemifananidzo yaAshtoreti uye kuti vabatire Jehovha nomwoyo wavo wose. Ivo vanoita ikoku. Zvavanoungana paMizpa kuti vanamate, madzishe anokutsirana avaFiristia anoshandisa mukana wacho nokuda kwehondo ndokubvurira Israeri. Israeri anodana kuna Jehovha kupfurikidza naSamueri. Ruzha rukuru rwokutinhira runobva kuna Jehovha runonyonganisa vaFiristia, uye vaIsraeri, vasimbiswa nechibayiro uye nomunyengetero, vanowana rukundo rukuru. Kubva panguva iyeyo zvichienda mberi, ‘ruoko rwaJehovha runopfuurira kurwisana navaFiristia mazuva ose aSamueri.’ (7:13) Zvisinei, hapana kurega basa nokuda kwaSamueri. Upenyu hwake hwose iye anoramba achitonga Israeri, achitenderera gore negore kubvira paRama, kuchamhembe chaiko kweJerusarema, kusvikira kuBheteri, Girgari, uye Mizpa. MuRama anovakira Jehovha atari.

13. Israeri anoramba sei Jehovha saMambo, uye Samueri anonyevera nezvemigumisiroi?

¹³ Mambo wokutanga waIsraeri, Sauro (8:1–12:25). Samueri akwegurira mubasa raJehovha, asi vanakomana vake havafambi munzira dzababa wavo, nokuti vanogamuchira fufuro ndokushatisa rutongeso. Panguva ino varume vakuru vaIsraeri vanosvika Samueri nechikumbiro: “Zvino tigadzirei mambo ungatitonga, sezvinoitwa kundudzi dzose.” (8:5) Avhiringidzika zvikuru, Samueri anotsvaka Jehovha mumunyengetero. Jehovha anopindura: “Havana kukuramba iwe, asi vandiramba ini, kuti ndirege kuva mambo wavo. . . . Zvino teerera hako manzwi avo.” (8:7-9) Kutanga, zvisinei, Samueri anofanira kuvanyevera nezvemigumisiro yakakomba yechikumbiro chavo chokupandukira: kurongwa mumapoka ehondo, kutera mitero, kurashikirwa norusununguko, uye pakupedzisira rusuruvaro rwakakomba uye kudanidzira kuna Jehovha. Vasingadziviswi muzvishuvo zvavo, vanhu vanoda mambo.

14. Sauro anova sei akasimba muumambo?

¹⁴ Zvino tinosangana naSauro, mwanakomana waKishi worudzi rwaBhenjamini uye murume akaisvonakisisa uye murefu zvikurusa muna Israeri. Anotungamirirwa kuna Samueri, uyo anomukudza pamutambo, anomuzodza, dzokonokei omusuma kuna Israeri wose pagungano paMizpa. Kunyange zvazvo Sauro pakutanga achivanda pakati pemikwende, pakupedzisira anopiwa sechisarudzo chaJehovha. Zvakare Samueri anoyeuchidza Israeri nezvechakafanira chakarurama chokuva mambo, achichinyora mubhuku. Zvisinei, nzvimbo yaSauro samambo haisimbiswi, kuti vanhu vasimbise kuva mambo kwake paGirgari, kutozosvikira parukundo rwake pavaAmoni, urwo rwunosunungura komberedzo paJabheshi muGireadhi. Samueri anovarayirazve kuti vatye, vabatire, uye vateerere Jehovha, uye anodana kuna Jehovha kuti atume chiratidzo muchimiro chokutinhira kwomwaka usiri iwo nemvura munguva yokukohwa. Mukuratidzira kunotyisa, Jehovha anoratidza hasha dzake pakumuramba kwavo saMambo.

15. Chivii chokuzvitutumadza chinotungamirira kukukundikana kwaSauro?

¹⁵ Kusateerera kwaSauro (13:1–15:35). VaFiristia zvavanopfuurira kunetsa Israeri, mwanakomana ane ushingi waSauro Jonatani anoparadza uto ravaFiristia. Kutsiva ikoku, muvengi anotuma hondo huru, ‘yakafanana nejecha rapamahombekombe egungwa’ nokuwanda, uye vanodzika misasa paMikmashi. Kusaterama kunopararira mumapoka aIsraeri. ‘Kudai bedzi Samueri akauya kuzotipa nhungamiro yaJehovha!’ Achiva nechinya pakumirira Samueri, Sauro anotadza kupfurikidza nokupa iye amene nokuzvitutumadza chibayiro chinopiswa. Nokukurumidza Samueri anosvika. Achirerutsa pembedzo yakaipa yaSauro, anotaura rutongeso rwaJehovha: “Asi zvino ushe hwako hahungagari; Jehovha wakazvitsvakira munhu unofadza mwoyo wake, Jehovha akamugadza ave mutungamiriri wavanhu vake, nokuti iwe hauna kuchengeta zvawakanga warayirwa naJehovha.”—13:14.

16. Chimbichimbi yaSauro inoguma nezvinetsoi?

¹⁶ Jonatani, achishingairira zita raJehovha, anodenhazve boka ramauto ravaFiristia, nguva ino aine mutakuri wezvombo zvake bedzi, uye ivo vanokurumidza kuuraya varume vanenge 20. Kudengenyeka kwapasi kunowedzera kunyongano yomuvengi. Vanodzingwa, Israeri achironda zvakakwana. Zvisinei, simba rakazara rorukundo rinoneteswa nemhiko yechimbichimbi yaSauro yokurambidza varwi kudya kurwa kusati kwapera. Varume vanoneta nokukurumidza uye ipapo vanotadzira Jehovha kupfurikidza nokudya nyama ichangobva kuurawa vasingawani nguva yokubvisa ropa. Jonatani, iye amene, azvigutsa amene nouchi asati anzwa mhiko, iyo iye anoramba noushingi semhinganidzo. Anonunurwa murufu navanhu nemhaka yoruponeso rukuru rwaakaita muna Israeri.

17. Kurambwaizve kwaSauro kunotevera chivi chake chakakomba chechipiri?

¹⁷ Zvino inosvika nguva yokuita rutongeso rwaJehovha pavaAmareki vakaipa. (Dheut. 25:17-19) Vanofanira kuparadzwa chose chose. Hapana chinhu chinofanira kuponeswa, munhu kana kuti mhuka. Hapana chipambwa chinofanira kutorwa. Chinhu chiri chose chinofanira kuparadzwa. Zvisinei, Sauro nenzira yokusateerera anochengeta Agagi, mambo wavaAmareki, uye zvakanakisisa zvamakwai nen’ombe, sezviri pachena kuti abayire Jehovha. Ikoku kunotsamwisa kwazvo Mwari waIsraeri zvokuti iye anofuridzira Samueri kutaura kurambwa kwechipiri kwaSauro. Achizvidza pembedzo dzokuvanza nyadzi dzaSauro, Samueri anozivisa, kuti: “Ko Jehovha ungafarira zvipiriso zvinopiswa nezvibayiro, sezvaanofarira kuteerera inzwi raJehovha here? Tarira, kuteerera kunokunda zvibayiro . . . Zvawakaramba shoko raJehovha, naiye wakakurambawo, kuti urege kuva mambo.” (1 Sam. 15:22, 23) Sauro akabva abata nguo yaSamueri achida kuti amukumbire ichibva yabvaruka mupendero. Samueri anomuvimbisa kuti Jehovha saizvozvowo achabvarura zvirokwazvo umambo kubva kuna Sauro ndokuhupa kumurume ari nani. Samueri amene anonhonga munondo anouraya Agagi, uye anorinza gotsi rake kuna Sauro, kuti asatongozomuonazve.

18. Jehovha anosarudza Dhavhidhi pahwaroi?

¹⁸ Kuzodzwa kwaDhavhidhi, ushingi hwake (16:1–17:58). Jehovha anotevera kutungamirira Samueri kumba yaJese iri muBhetrehema yaJudha kundosarudza ndokuzodza mambo womunguva yemberi. Mumwe nomumwe wavanakomana vaJese vanopfuura mukunzvera asi vanorambwa. Jehovha anoyeuchidza Samueri, kuti: “Jehovha haaoni somunhu, nokuti munhu unotarira zviri kunze, asi Jehovha unotarira zviri pamwoyo.” (16:7) Pakupedzisira, Jehovha anoratidzira kutendera kwake Dhavhidhi, gotwe, anorondedzerwa so“mutsvuku, akanaka kumeso, ano muviri wakanaka,” uye Samueri anomuzodza namafuta. (16:12) Mudzimu waJehovha zvino unoburukira pana Dhavhidhi, asi Sauro anotanga mudzimu wakashata.

19. Dhavhidhi anowana rukundoi rwapakuvamba muzita raJehovha?

¹⁹ VaFiristia vanodenhazve Israeri, vachiisa pamberi mhare yavo, Goriati, hofori inosvika paurefu hwamakubhiti matanhatu uye sapanosvika minwe (mamita 2,9). Mukuru kwazvo zvokuti nguo yake yokurwa inorema anenge makirogiramu 57 uye chese chepfumo rake anenge makirogiramu 6,8. (17:4, 5, 7) Zuva nezuva uyu Goriati anodenha nomutoo wokumhura uye nomutoo wokuzvidza Israeri kuti asarudze murume ndokuita kuti abude ndokurwa, asi hapana anopindura. Sauro anobvunda ari mutende yake. Zvisinei, Dhavhidhi anouya kuzonzwa kushora kwomuFiristia. Nokushatirwa kwakarurama noushingi hwakafuridzirwa, Dhavhidhi anokuwa, achiti: “Nokuti muFiristia uyu usina kudzingiswa ndianiko, unoshora hondo dzaMwari mupenyu?” (17:26) Achiramba nguo yokurwa yaSauro nemhaka yokuti akanga asina kutongoiedza kare, Dhavhidhi anobuda kundorwa, akashonga bedzi tsvimbo yomufudzi, chipfura mabwe, uye hurungudo shanu. Achirangarira kuenzana nouyu mukomana muduku mufudzi sokusakafanirwa nokufunga, Goriati anotuka Dhavhidhi. Mhinduro ine chivimbo inobuda: “Iwe unouya kwandiri nomunondo, nepfumo, nemharu; asi ini ndinouya kwauri nezita raJehovha wehondo.” (17:45) Dombo rimwe rakasanotondekwa rinokandwa richibva muchipfura mabwe chaDhavhidhi, uye mhare yavaFiristia inodonhera pasi! Achimhanyira kwairi, hondo dzose dziri mbiri dzichiona zvakazara, Dhavhidhi anovhomora munondo wehofori ndokuushandisa kugura musoro womwene wawo. Kununurwa kukuru kwakadini kunobva kuna Jehovha! Mufaro wakadini uri mumusasa waIsraeri! Zvino sezvo mhare yavo yafa, vaFiristia vanotiza, vaIsraeri vanofara vachivaronda zvikuru.

20. Chimiro chendangariro chaJonatani kuna Dhavhidhi chinosiyana sei nechecho chaSauro?

²⁰ Kuronda Dhavhidhi kwaSauro (18:1–27:12). Chiito chokusatya chaDhavhidhi nokuda kwezita raJehovha chinomuzarurira ushamwaridzani hunoshamisa. Ihwohwu naJonatani, uyo ari mwanakomana waSauro uye ndiye uyo nomuzvarirwo ari mumutsara nokuda kwoumambo. Jonatani anosvika “pakumuda somweya wake amene,” zvokuti vaviri vanoita sungano youshamwaridzani. (18:1-3, NW) Mukurumbira waDhavhidhi zvaunosvika pakuchengetwa muna Israeri, Sauro nokutsamwa anotsvaka kumuuraya, kunyange pakumuroodza mwanasikana wake Mikari. Ruvengo rwaSauro runokura zvikuru muupengo, zvokuti pakupedzisira Dhavhidhi anofanira kupukunyuka nebetsero yorudo yaJonatani. Vaviri vanochema pakuparadzana, uye Jonatani anosimbisazve ruvimbiko rwake kuna Dhavhidhi, achiti: “Jehovha amene ngaabvumikise kuva pakati pangu newe napakati pavana vangu navana vako kusvikira kunguva isingazivikanwi.”—20:42, NW.

21. Ndizvinoitikai zvinoratidzira kutiza Sauro kwaDhavhidhi?

²¹ Mukutiza kwake Sauro akashatirwa, Dhavhidhi neboka rake duku ravatsigiri varumwa nenzara vanosvika paNobhi. Pano muprista Ahimereki, pakugamuchira vimbiso yokuti Dhavhidhi navarume vake vakachena pavakadzi, anovabvumira kudya chingwa chokuratidzira chitsvene. Zvino akashonga munondo waGoriati, Dhavhidhi anotizira Gati munyika yeFiristia, uko anonyepedzera upenzi. Ipapo anopfuurira kuenda kubako reAdhurami, ipapo kuMoabhi, uye gare gare, pazano raGadhi muporofita, anodzokera kunyika yaJudha. Achitya kumukira nemhaka yokuda Dhavhidhi, Sauro ane godo roupengo anoita kuti Dhoegi muEdhomi auraye vaprista veNobhi, Abhiatari bedzi achipukunyuka kundokumbanira Dhavhidhi. Anova muprista weboka.

22. Dhavhidhi anoratidzira sei ruvimbiko kuna Jehovha uye kuremekedza sangano Rake?

²² Somubatiri anovimbika waJehovha, Dhavhidhi zvino anorwa hondo yechimurenga inobudirira navaFiristia. Zvisinei, Sauro anopfuuridzira nhimbe yake yachose chose kuti awane Dhavhidhi, achiunganidza varume vake vehondo uye kumuvhima “murenje reEni-gedhi.” (24:1) Dhavhidhi, mudiwa waJehovha, nguva dzose anogona kuita nhano imwe mberi kwavarondi. Pane imwe nhambo anova nomukana wokuuraya Sauro, asi anorega, achingocheka bedzi mupendero wenguo yaSauro muufakazi hwokuti iye aponesa upenyu hwake. Kunyange ichi chiito chisingakuvadzi chinorwadza Dhavhidhi pamwoyo, nokuti iye anonzwa kuti arwisana nomuzodziwa waJehovha. Ruremekedzo rwakaisvonaka rwakadini rwaanarwo nokuda kwesangano raJehovha!

23. Abhigairi anoita sei rugare naDhavhidhi uye pakupedzisira ndokuva mudzimai wake?

²³ Kunyange zvazvo rufu rwaSamueri zvino rwanyorwa (25:1), munyori anomutevedzera anoita kuti nhoroondo irambe ichipfuurira. Dhavhidhi anokumbira kuti Nabhari, weMaoni muna Judha, amugovere zvokudya navarume vake mukudzorera kuva noushamwari hwavo kuvafudzi vaNabhari. Nabhari anongo‘tuka’ bedzi varume vaDhavhidhi, uye Dhavhidhi anotanga rwendo rwokundomuranga. (25:14) Achiziva ngozi yacho, mudzimai waNabhari, Abhigairi, pachivande anoenda nezvokudya kuna Dhavhidhi ndokumunyaradza. Dhavhidhi anomukomborera nokuda kweichi chiito chokungwara ndokumudzorera murugare. Apo Abhigairi anoudza Nabhari nezveicho chaitika, mwoyo wake unofa, uye mazuva ane gumi gare gare anofa. Dhavhidhi amene zvino anoroora Abhigairi ane nyasha naakaisvonaka.

24. Dhavhidhi anoponesazve sei upenyu hwaSauro?

²⁴ Kwenguva yechitatu, Sauro anotangazve kuronda kwokunyanyisa kwaDhavhidhi, uye zvakare anowana nyasha dzaDhavhidhi. “Hope huru dzakabva kuna Jehovha” dzinobata Sauro navarume vake. Ikoku kunogonesa Dhavhidhi kupinda mumusasa ndokutora pfumo raSauro, asi anorega kutambanudzira ruoko rwake “muzodziwa waMwari.” (26:11, 12, NW) Dhavhidhi anomanikidzirwa kwenguva yechipiri kutizira kuvaFiristia nokuda kwoutiziro, uye vanomupa Zikregi senzvimbo yokugara. Ari pano anopfuuridzira denho dzake namauto mukurwisana navamwe vavavengi vaIsraeri.

25. Sauro anoita chivii chakakomba chechitatu?

²⁵ Mugumo wokuzviuraya waSauro (28:1–31:13). Madzishe anokutsirana avaFiristia anoendesa hondo yakabatanidzwa kuShunemi. Sauro, mukudzivisa, anogara paGomo reGirbhoa. Achitya iye anotsvaka nhungamiro asi haagoni kuwana mhinduro inobva kuna Jehovha. Kudai bedzi Samueri akagona kuwanwa! Achizvivanza amene, Sauro anoita chimwe chivi chakakomba apo iye anoenda kundotsvaka svikiro paEndori, seri kwamauto avaFiristia. Achiriwana, anorikumbira kuti ritaure naSamueri nokuda kwake. Ane shungu dzokusvika mhedziso, Sauro anofunga kuti dzangaradzimu ndiSamueri akafa. Zvisinei, “Samueri” haana shoko rinonyaradza nokuda kwamambo. Mangwana iye achafa, uye maererano namashoko aJehovha, umambo huchamutorerwa. Muno mumwe musasa, madzishe anokutsirana avaFiristia anokwira kuzorwa. Achiona Dhavhidhi navarume vake pakati pavo, anonyumwa ndokuvaendesa kumusha. Varume vaDhavhidhi vanosvika muZikragi nenguva chaiyo! Boka rinopamba ravaAmareki raenda nemhuri nezvinhu zvaDhavhidhi navarume vake, asi Dhavhidhi navarume vake vatevera, uye vose vanowanwa pasina kuvadziko.

26. Kutonga kune ngwavaira kwamambo wokutanga waIsraeri kunoguma sei?

²⁶ Hondo zvino inorwiwa paGomo reGirbhoa. Israeri anokundwa zvine ngwavaira, uye vaFiristia vanodzora nharaunda dzakanaka dzokurwa dzenyika. Jonatani navamwe vanakomana vaSauro vanourawa, uye Sauro akuvadzwa nomutoo unouraya anozviuraya nomunondo wake amene—kuzviuraya. VaFiristia vakunda vanoturika mitumbi yaSauro nevanakomana vake vatatu parusvingo rweguta reBheti-shani, asi inobviswa pane iyi nzvimbo inonyadzisa navarume veJabheshi-gireadhi. Kutonga kune ngwavaira kwamambo wokutanga waIsraeri kwasvika mugumo wako une ngwavaira.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

27. (a) Eri naSauro vakakundikana papi? (b) Samueri naDhavhidhi mienzaniso yakaisvonaka nokuda kwavatariri uye nokuda kwavashumiri vari vapwere munzirai?

²⁷ Inhau yakadini iri mubhuku raSamueri Rokutanga! Yakatendeseka chose chose muudzame huri hwose, inoratidzira nokukurumidza zvose zviri zviviri utera nesimba zvaIsraeri. Pano paiva navatungamiriri vana muna Israeri, vaviri vakatetekera mutemo waMwari uye vaviri avo havana. Cherekedza kuti Eri naSauro vaiva vakundikani sei: Wokutanga akaregeredza kuita chiito, uye wapashure akaita nomutoo wokuzvitutumadza. Kuno rumwe rutivi, Samueri naDhavhidhi vakaratidza kuda nzira yaJehovha kubvira paupwere hwavo zvichienda mberi, uye vakabudirira nomutoo unowirirana. Zvifundo zvinokosha zvakadini zvatinowana muno nokuda kwavatariri vose! Kuri madikanwa sei kuti ivava vave vakatsiga, vanongwarira kusachena nenhevedzano musangano raJehovha, vanoremekedza gadziriro dzake, vasingatyi, vakaterama, vano ushingi, uye norudo vanorangarira vamwe! (2:23-25; 24:5, 7; 18:5, 14-16) Cherekedzawo kuti vaviri vakabudirira vakanga vane betsero yerovedzo yakanaka youbati ushe hwaMwari kubvira paupwere hwavo zvichienda mberi uye kuti vakanga vane ushingi kubvira pazera rapakuvamba mukutaura shoko raJehovha uye kuchengeta fariro dzavakaronzeswa. (3:19; 17:33-37) Vanamati vose vari vapwere vaJehovha nhasi ngavave vana“Samueri” navana“Dhavhidhi” vaduku!

28. Kuteerera kunosimbiswa sei, uye izanoi rebhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rinodzokororwa gare gare navamwe vanyori veBhaibheri?

²⁸ Anofanira kuyeukwa zvakajeka pakati pamashoko ose anobetsera eiri bhuku ndaawo Jehovha akafuridzira Samueri kutaura mukutongwa kwaSauro nokuda kwokukundikana kwake ku“bvisa kududzwa kwaAmareki pasi pamatenga.” (Dheut. 25:19, NW) Chifundo chokuti ‘kuteerera kuri nani kupinda chibayiro’ chinodzokororwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana pana Hosea 6:6, Mika 6:6-8, uye Marko 12:33. (1 Sam. 15:22) Kuri madikanwa kuti isu nhasi tibetserwe neichi chinyorwa chakafuridzirwa kupfurikidza nokuteerera zvizere uye chose chose inzwi raJehovha Mwari wedu! Kuteerera mukuziva utsvene hweropa kunokweverwawo kungwariro yedu pana 1 Samueri 14:32, 33. Kudya nyama pasina kubvisa ropa zvakafanira kwakanga kuchirangarirwa so“kutadzira Jehovha.” Ikoku kunoshandawo kuungano yechiKristu, sezvinojekeswa pana Mabasa 15:28, 29.

29. Bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rinoratidzira migumisiro yechikanganisoi chorudzi chaIsraeri, nenyeveroi kuvanhu vane nharo?

²⁹ Bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rinoratidzira chikanganiso chinonzwisa tsitsi chorudzi urwo rwakaratidzira kutonga kwaMwari ari mudenga sokusingashandi. (1 Sam. 8:5, 19, 20; 10:18, 19) Ngozi nokusava namaturo zvokutonga kwomunhu zvinoratidzirwa nenzira yakajeka pamwe chete nenzira youporofita. (8:11-18; 12:1-17) Sauro anoratidzwa pakutanga kuva munhu anozvininipisa akanga ane mudzimu waMwari (9:21; 11:6), asi chisarudzo chake chakasviba uye mwoyo wake wakakasharara sezvo rudo rwokururama nokutenda Mwari zvakaderera. (14:24, 29, 44) Chinyorwa chake chapakuvamba chorushingairo chakaparadzwa nezviito zvake zvapashure zvokuzvitutumadza, kusateerera, uye kusavimbika kuna Mwari. (1 Sam. 13:9; 15:9; 28:7; Ezek. 18:24) Kushayiwa kwake kutenda kwakaparira kusachengeteka, kuchiva godo, ruvengo, uye kuponda. (1 Sam. 18:9, 11; 20:33; 22:18, 19) Akafa nenzira yaakanga ararama nayo, kundikano kuna Mwari wake nokuna vanhu vake, uye senyevero kuno upi noupi angava “ane nharo” sezvaakaita.—2 Pet. 2:10-12, NW.

30. Mavarai aSamueri angasakurirwa nechimuko navashumiri vomuzuva razvino uno?

³⁰ Zvisinei, pane musiyano wezvakanaka. Somuenzaniso, cherekedza nzira yaSamueri akatendeka, uyo akabatira Israeri upenyu hwake hwose pasina nyengedzo, rusaruro, kana kuti chizivano. (1 Sam. 12:3-5) Akanga achidisa kuteerera kubvira paukomana hwake zvichienda mberi (3:5), akativa uye anoremekedza, (3:6-8), anovimbika mukuita mabasa ake (3:15), asingazununguki mutsauriro yake uye kuzvipira (7:3-6; 12:2), anodisa kuteerera (8:21), akagadzirira kutsigira zvisarudzo zvaJehovha (10:24), akatsiga muchisarudzo chake pasinei hapo nounhu (13:13), akasimba nokuda kweteerero (15:22), uye anopfuurira mukuita basa rake (16:6, 11). Akanga ariwo munhu ane mushumo wakanaka unobva kuna vamwe. (2:26; 9:6) Ushumiri hwake hwoupwere hahuzati bedzi huchifanira kukurudzira vaduku kutanga kutora ushumiri nhasi (2:11, 18) asi kupfuurira kwake pasina kurega kusvikira kumugumo wamazuva ake kunofanira kutsigira avo vakwegura.—7:15.

31. Jonatani akanga ari muenzaniso wakaisvonaka muchii?

³¹ Ipapo pane muenzaniso wakaisvonaka waJonatani. Haana kushatirwa pamusoro peidi rokuti Dhavhidhi akazodzwa kuumambo uhwo iye angadai akagara nhaka. Panzvimbo pako, akabvuma mavara akaisvonaka aDhavhidhi uye akaita sungano youshamwari naye. Ushamwari hwakafanana husina udyire hunogona kuva hunovaka nohunokurudzira zvikurusa pakati paavo nhasi vanobatira Jehovha nokutendeka.—23:16-18.

32. Mavarai akaisvonaka anofanira kucherekedzwa muvakadzi Hana naAbhigairi?

³² Nokuda kwavakadzi, kune muenzaniso waHana, aiperekedza murume wake nguva dzose kunzvimbo yokunamatwa kwaJehovha. Aiva mukadzi anonyengetera, anozvininipisa, uyo akarega ushamwaridzani nomwanakomana wake kuti achengete shoko rake uye kuratidza kuonga mutsa waJehovha. Inoshamisa zvirokwazvo yakanga iri tuso yake mukumuona achipinda mubasa renduramo rinobudirira kuna Jehovha. (1:11, 21-23, 27, 28) Uyezve, pane muenzaniso waAbhigairi, akaratidza kuzviisa pasi kwomukadzi uye kuva nomufungo izvo zvakawana rumbidzo yaDhavhidhi, zvokuti gare gare akava mudzimai wake.—25:32-35.

33. Rudo rwokusatya noruvimbiko zvaDhavhidhi zvinofanira kutisundira kunzirai?

³³ Kuda Jehovha kwaDhavhidhi kunoratidzirwa nenzira inoorora mumapisarema ayo Dhavhidhi akaronga achingunoveri anovhimwa murenje naSauro, “muzodziwa waJehovha” anotsauka. (1 Sam. 24:6; Pis. 34:7, 8; 52:8; 57:1, 7, 9) Uye Dhavhidhi akatsvenesa zita raJehovha nokuonga kwapachokwadi kwakadini apo akakandira ruzvidzo pamushori Goriati! “Ini ndinouya kwauri nezita raJehovha wehondo . . . Nhasi Jehovha uchakuisa muruoko rwangu. . . . kuti nyika yose izive kuti Mwari uripo pakati paIsraeri. Zvino kuti ungano iyo yose izive, kuti Jehovha haaponesi nomunondo kana nepfumo, nokuti kurwa ndokwaJehovha, iye uchakuisa mumaoko edu.” (1 Sam. 17:45-47) Dhavhidhi, “muzodziwa” ane ushingi naakavimbika waJehovha, akakudza Jehovha saMwari wapasi rose uye Manyuko bedzi echokwadi oruponeso. (2 Sam. 22:51) Ngatirambei tichitevera uyu muenzaniso wokusatya!

34. Zvinangwa zvoUmambo hwaJehovha zvinowadzanyurikazve sei pakureva nezvaDhavhidhi?

³⁴ Bhuku raSamueri Rokutanga rinotii pamusoro pokukura kwezvinangwa zvoUmambo hwaMwari? Aa, ikoku kunotisvitsa papfundo guru chairoiro reiri bhuku reBhaibheri! Nokuti ndimo muno matinosangana naDhavhidhi, ane zita zvimwe rinoreva kuti “Mudiwa.” Dhavhidhi aidiwa naJehovha uye akasarudzwa so“munhu unofadza mwoyo wake,” uyo akakodzera kuva mambo muna Israeri. (1 Sam. 13:14) Nokudaro umambo hwakaenda kurudzi rwaJudha, mukutsinhirana nechikomborero chaJakobho chiri pana Genesi 49:9, 10, uye umambo hwaizorambira murudzi rwaJudha kutozosvikira Mutongi uyo anofanira kuteererwa navanhu vose asvika.

35. Zita raDhavhidhi rakava sei rakabatanidzwa nerero reMbeu yoUmambo, uye Mbeu iyeyo icharatidza mavarai aDhavhidhi?

³⁵ Uyezve, zita raDhavhidhi rinobatanidzwa nerero reMbeu yoUmambo, iyo yakaberekerwawo muBhetrehema uye yakanga iri yomutsara waDhavhidhi. (Mat. 1:1, 6; 2:1; 21:9, 15) Iyeyo ndiJesu Kristu akapiwa mbiri, “Shumba yorudzi rwaJudha, Mudzi waDhavhidhi,” uye “mudzi worudzi rwaDhavhidhi, nyamasase inopenya.” (Zvak. 5:5; 22:16) Achitonga musimba roUmambo, uyu “mwanakomana waDhavhidhi” acharatidza kutsiga kwose noushingi zvasekuru vake vane mbiri mukurwisa vavengi vaMwari kusvikira kukuwa kwavo uye kutsvenesa zita raJehovha mupasi rose. Chivimbo chedu chakasimba sei mune iyi Mbeu yoUmambo!

[Mashoko Omuzasi]