Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 65—Judhasi

Munyori: Judhasi

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Palestine (?)

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 65 C.E.

1. Judhasi akakuwana kuri madikanwa kunyora tsamba yake ine simba nokuda kwehama dzake nemhaka yemamiriroi ezvinhu mukati meungano?

HAMA dzechiKristu dzaJudhasi dzakanga dziri mungozi! Mukati menguva iyo yakanga yapfuura kubvira parufu norumuko rwaKristu Jesu, vanhu vokunze vakanga vapinda zvishoma nezvishoma muungano yechiKristu. Muvengi akanga apinda nokuda kwechinangwa chokunetesa kutenda, kungofanana neizvo muapostora Pauro, anenge makore 14 akapfuura, akanga anyevera. (2 VaT. 2:3) Hama dzinofanira kusvinudzwa sei ndokungwadzwa pamusoro pengozi yacho? Tsamba yaJudhasi, yakasimba uye ine simba mukutaura kwayo kwakananga, yakagovera mhinduro. Judhasi amene akataura chimiro chake nenzira yakajeka mundima 3 ne4, kuti: ‘Ndakakuwana kuri madikanwa kukunyorerai nemhaka yokuti vanhu vakati vakaverevedza, vanhu vasina umwari, vachishandura mutsa usakafanirwa waMwari wedu kuva pembedzo yomufambiro usingadzorwi.’ Hwaro humene hwedzidziso yakanaka netsika hwakanga huri kutyisidzirwa. Judhasi akanzwa achirayirwa kurwira fariro dzehama dzake, kuti idzowo dzigorwa kurwa kwakaoma nokuda kwokutenda.

2. (a) Judhasi akanga ari ani? (b) Judhasi akakudza zvikurusa ukamai naJesu?

² Asi Judhasi akanga ari ani? Mashoko okutanga anotiudza kuti tsamba yacho yakanyorwa na“Judhasi, muranda waJesu Kristu, munun’una waJakobho, kuna vakadanwa.” Judhasi, kana kuti Judha, akanga ari muapostora here, sezvo 2 vavaapostora 12 vapakuvamba vaJesu vainzi Judhasi? (Ruka 6:16) Judhasi haatauri nezvake amene somuapostora, asi panzvimbo pezvo anotaura nezvavaapostora somunhu wechitatu se“va,” asingazvibatanidzi amene nenzira iri pachena. (Judha. 17, 18) Uyezve, anozvidana amene kuti “munun’una waJakobho,” sezviri pachena achireva munyori wetsamba yaJakobho, uyo akanga ari munun’una kuna amai waJesu. (Ndima 1) Seimwe ye“mbiru” dzeungano muJerusarema, uyu Jakobho akanga achisanozivikanwa, uye nokudaro Judhasi anozvizivisa amene naye. Ikoku kunoita Judhasi kuti avewo munun’una kuna amai waJesu, uye akarongwa seakadaro. (VaG. 1:19; 2:9; Mat. 13:55; Marko 6:3) Zvisinei, Judhasi haana kushandisa ukama hwake hwokunyama naJesu kuti azvibetsere, asi nenzira yokuzvininipisa akasimbisa ukama hwake hwomudzimu so“muranda waJesu Kristu.”—1 VaK. 7:22; 2 VaK. 5:16; Mat. 20:27.

3. Chii chinobvumikisa uchokwadi hwetsamba yaJudhasi?

³ Uchokwadi hweiri bhuku reBhaibheri hunotsigirwa nokududzwa kwaro muMuratorian Fragment, yezana ramakore rechipiri C.E. Mukuwedzera, Clement weAlexandria (zana ramakore rechipiri C.E.) akarigamuchira seremundaza yamanyoro matsvene. Origen akanongedzera kwariri sebhuku re“mitsetse mishomanene bedzi, bva rakazadzwa namashoko akanaka enyasha dzokudenga.”a Tertullian akarirangarirawo kuva rechokwadi. Hapana panikiro kuti nderemamwe Magwaro akafuridzirwa.

4. Judhasi rudzii rwetsamba, sezvinobvira yakanyorerwa kupi, uye chii chinokarakadzwa pamusoro penguva yokunyora?

⁴ Judhasi anonyora “kuna vakadanwa,” asingadudzi ungano yakati kana kuti munhu, naizvozvo tsamba yake itsamba yavose inofanira kutenderedzwa zvakafara kuvaKristu vose. Kunyange zvazvo isingadudzwi, nzvimbo inobvira zvikurusa yokunyora iPalestine. Kwakaomawo kuisa musi nouchokwadi. Zvisinei, kunofanira kuve kwakanga kwapera nguva refu zvikuru mukukura kweungano yechiKristu, nokuti Judhasi anodanira ngwariro ku“mashoko akadeya kutaurwa navaapostora vaShe wedu, Jesu Kristu” uye sezviri pachena anonokora mashoko 2 Petro 3:3. (Judha. 17, 18) Uyezve, pane kufanana kwakasimba pakati paJudhasi neganhuro rechipiri rebhuku raPetro Wechipiri. Ikoku kunoratidzira kuti akanyora panenge panguva imwe cheteyo naPetro, vose vari vaviri vachiva vaiitira hanya zvikuru pamusoro pengozi kuungano panguva iyoyo. Nokudaro, 65 C.E. anokarakadzwa segore riri pedyo. Iri gore rinotsigirwawo mukuti Judhasi haadudzi kupinda kwaCestius Gallus kuti agumise kupandukira kwavaJudha muna 66 C.E., uyewo haadudzi kuwa kweJerusarema muna 70 C.E. Judhasi mutsamba yake anonongedzera kurutongeso rwakati rwoumwari rwakaitwa pavatadzi, uye kune mufungo kuti kudai Jerusarema rakanga ratowa, angadai akasimbisazve chibvumikiso chake kupfurikidza nokududzwa kwouku kuitwa kworutongeso, zvikurukuru sezvo Jesu akafanotaura chiitiko chacho.—Judha. 5-7; Ruka 19:41-44.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RAJUDHASI

5. (a) Neiko Judhasi achiwana kuri madikanwa kunyorera vakadanwa kuti va“rwire kwazvo kutenda”? (b) Judhasi anodudza mienzanisoi inonyevera?

⁵ Nyevero pamusoro poufeve nokuzvidza ukuru (ndima 1-16). Pashure pokupa kwaziso yorudo ku“vakadanwa,” Judhasi anotaura kuti aida kunyora “pamusoro pokuponeswa kwedu tose,” asi zvino akuwana kuri madikanwa kuvanyorera kuti va“rwire kwazvo kutenda.” Neiko? Nemhaka yokuti vanhu vasina umwari vakaverevedza, vachishandura mutsa usakafanirwa waMwari kuva pembedzo nokuda kwomufambiro usingadzorwi. Ava vanhu, anodaro Judhasi, vari ku“ramba Tenzi uyu mumwe chete, Ishe wedu Jesu Kristu.” (Ndima 1, 3, 4) Anovayeuchidza kuti kunyange zvazvo Jehovha akaponesa vanhu vachibva muEgipita, Iye pashure pacho aka“paradza avo vakanga vasingatendi.” Mukuwedzera, Jehovha akachengeta “nokuda kworutongeso rwezuva guru” (NW), ngirozi dziya dzakasiya nzvimbo yadzo yakafanira yokugara. Nenzira yakafanana, chirango chisingaperi paSodhoma neGomora namaguta awo akavakidzana nawo muenzaniso wenyevero pamusoro pomugumo waavo vano‘nyanyisa kuita ufeve ndokutevera nyama nokuda kwokushandisa kusati kuri kwomuzvarirwo.’—Ndima 5-7.

6. Vanhu vasina umwari vari kubatikana muchii, uye Judhasi anoenzanisira sei kusarurama nomugumisiro zvomufambiro wavo?

⁶ Zvino, nomutoo wakafanana, vanhu vasina umwari “vanosvibisa nyama yavo saizvozvo, vachiramba ukuru, nokutuka avo vane kubwinya.” Chokwadi, kunyange Mikaeri ngirozi huru haana kutuka Dhiyabhorosi apo vakanga vachikakavadzana pamusoro pomuviri waMosesi, achingoti: “Ishe ngaakurayire.” Bva ava vanhu vanotuka uye vanopfuurira kuzvishatisa vamene kufanana nemhuka dzisingarangariri. Vakapinda munzira yaKaini, Bharami, uye Kora anopandukira. Vakafanana namabwe akavanzwa pasi pemvura, samakore asina mvura, semiti isina michero yakafa kaviri uye yakadzurwa, samafungu anopenga anopupuma nyadzi dzawo, uye senyeredzi dzisina nzira yakagadzwa. Ivava “vakachengeterwa kusviba kwerima nokusingaperi.” (Ndima 8, 9, 13) Enoki akaporofita kuti Jehovha achaita rutongeso paava vanhu vasina umwari. Ivo vanyunyuti navan’un’uni, uye vanoyemura vanhu nenzira youdyire.

7. (a) Vaapostora vakavanyevera sei pamusoro pavaseki? (b) Nemhaka yetariro youpenyu husingaperi, “vakadikanwa” vanofanira kuitei nokuda kwavo vamene navamwe?

⁷ Zano pamusoro pokurambira murudo rwaMwari (ndima 17-25). Judhasi anoyeuchidza hama nezvokuti vaapostora vaShe Jesu Kristu vaisinyevera sei kuti “nenguva yokupedzisira vaseki vachavako, vanofamba nokuchiva kwavo vasingadi Mwari.” Ava vanoparira zvinetso “ndovenyama, vasina Mweya.” “Vakadikanwa,” naizvozvo, vanofanira kuzvivaka vamene mukutenda ndokuzvichengeta vamene vari murudo rwaMwari, apo vanenge vachimirira ngoni dzaKristu va“ve noupenyu husingaperi.” Ngavapewo ngoni nokuyamura kuavo vanozungunuka. Judhasi anopfiga nokupa mbiri kupfurikidza naShe Jesu Kristu kuna “Mwari Muponesi wedu” (NW), Uyo anogona kuvadzivirira pakugumburwa.—Ndima 18-21, 25.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

8. Judhasi akashandisa zvakadini Magwaro akafuridzirwa uye “bhuku rechisiko” mukurayira hama dzake?

⁸ Judhasi amene akawana Magwaro akafuridzirwa achibetsera nokuda kwokunyevera, kupa zano, kukurudzira, kurayiridza, uye kurayira “vakadikanwa.” Mukuratidzira chivi chakakomba chavavhozhokeri vasina umwari, iye akashandisa mienzaniso yakajeka inobva muMagwaro echiHebheru, yakadai seiyo yavaIsraeri vanodzoka shure, ngirozi dzakatadza, uye vagari vomuSodhoma neGomora, achiratidza kuti avo vanoita zvakaipa zvakafanana vachatambura chirango chakafanana. Akaenzanisa vanhu vakashata nemhuka dzisingarangariri, uye akataura kuti vakanga vachipinda munzira yaKaini, vachimhanyira muchikanganiso chaBharami, uye vachiparara kufanana naKora nokuda kwokutaura kwavo kwokupandukira. Akawanawo mifananidzo yakajeka mu“bhuku rechisiko” (NW). Tsamba yakananga yaJudhasi iyo imene yakava rutivi rwo“Rugwaro rwose,” inofanira kufundwa pamwe chete norutivi rwasara rwaMagwaro, inorayira mufambiro wakarurama “nenguva yokupedzisira.”—Judha. 17, 18, 5-7, 11-13; Num. 14:35-37; Gen. 6:4; 18:20, 21; 19:4, 5, 24, 25; 4:4, 5, 8; Num. 22:2-7, 21; 31:8; 16:1-7, 31-35.

9. Neiko nyevero yaJudhasi ichiri kudikanwa panguva ino, uye vaKristu vanofanira kupfuurira kuzvivaka vamene munharaundai?

⁹ Chishoro nemiedzo zvakabva kunze zvakanga zvakundikana kudzivisa kukura kwechiKristu, asi zvino hama dzakapinzwa mungozi nokushata kwakabva mukati. Mabwe akavanzwa pasi akatyisidzira kuparadza ungano yose. Achiziva kuti iyi ngozi yaitogona kuva inoparadza zvikuru, Judhasi akataura zvakasimba achitsigira ‘kurwa zvakaoma nokuda kwokutenda.’ Tsamba yake yakakodzera nguva zvakafanana nhasi sezvayakanga yakaita shure panguva iyoyo. Nyevero imwe cheteyo ichiri kudikanwa. Kutenda kuchiri kunofanira kuchengetwa ndokurwirwa, unzenza kudzurwa, vapanikiri vachibetserwa nengoni uye ‘kunakurwa mumwoto,’ kana ikoko kuchibvira. Nokuda kwokuchena kwetsika, kubudirira kwomudzimu, uye kunamata kwechokwadi, vaKristu nhasi vanofanira kupfuurira kuzvivaka vamene mukutenda kutsvene zvikurusa. Vanofanira kutsigira nheyo dzakarurama ndokuswedera pedyo naMwari mumunyengetero. Vanofanirawo kuva noruremekedzo rwakafanira nokuda kwo“ukuru,” vachiremekedza chiremera chakapiwa naMwari muungano yechiKristu.—Judha. 3, 23, 8.

10. (a) Ungano inofanira kubata sei vanhu venyama, uye ikoku kuchaguma nechii? (b) Itusoi yakamirira vadyi venhaka voUmambo, uye ivava vanokumbanira Judhasi muchii?

¹⁰ “Venyama, vasina mweya,” havasati vachizotongopinda muUmambo hwaMwari uye vachangopinza bedzi vamwe mungozi avo vari munzira inoenda kuupenyu husingaperi. (Judha. 19; VaG. 5:19-21) Ungano inofanira kunyeverwa pamusoro pavo, uye inofanira kuvabvisa! Nokudaro, “ngoni, norugare, norudo” zvichawedzerwa kuvakadiwa, uye vachazvichengeta vamene vari murudo rwaMwari, ‘apo vanenge vachimirira ngoni dzaShe wavo Jesu Kristu vachirangarira upenyu husingaperi.’ Mwari Muponesi achaisa vadyi venhaka voUmambo “pamberi pokubwinya kwake [va]sina cha[va]ngapomerwa, [va]chifara kwazvo.” Zvirokwazvo ivava vanokumbanira Judhasi mukupa “kubwinya, noumambo, nesimba, noushe,” kuna Iye kupfurikidza naJesu Kristu.—Judha. 2, 21, 24, 25.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]