Hero Yomwoto—Inobvira kana kuti Iri Kudzima Here?
MUPARIDZI wePurotesitendi Jonathan Edwards aisityisidzira mwoyo yavaAmerica veNyika dzokumwe vezana ramakore rechi 18 nemifananidzo yake yakajeka yehero. Pane imwe nhambo akarondedzera chiono machiri Mwari akarembedza vatadzi pamarimi kufanana namadandemutande anosemesa. Edwards akatuka ungano yake, kuti: “Haiwa mutadzi, wakarembera patambo nhete, namarimi ehasha dzoumwari akapenyera pairi, uye akagadzira panguva iri yose kuibvura, uye kuidambura nokupisa.”
Zvisinei, nokukurumidza pashure pokunge Edwards akurukura iyi mharidzo ino mukurumbira wakaipa, marimi ehero akavamba, sokunge zvakadaro, kutaima ndokudzima.a Bhuku rinonzi The Decline of Hell, rakanyorwa naD. P. Walker, rinotaura kuti “pakasvika gore rechimakumi mana rezana ramakore 18 dzidziso yokutambudzwa kusingagumi kwavakatukwa yakanga ichidenhwa pachena.” Mukati mezana ramakore rechi 19, marimi ehero akapfuurira kudzima, uye pakasvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi 20, murangariro waEdwards wehero se‘choto umo vanyajambwa vacho vanotambudzwa zvikuru mundangariro dzavo nomumiviri yavo nokusingagumi’ wakanga wabva mukurukurirano yakanaka. “Wadenhwa noungwaru hwazvino uno ndokupedzwa namarimi eHiroshima neHolocaust,” anodaro munyori wenhau Jeffery Sheler, “mufananidzo unotyisa wehero wakarasikirwa nokwakawanda kwokutyisa kwawo.”
Vaparidzi vazhinji vakanga varasikirwawo nokuda kwavo mwoto nebrimstone. Mharidzo dzakasimba pamusoro pezvinotyisa zvehero dzakanyangarika mukutaura kwakanaka kwapachikuva kwechechi dzamagamuchidzanwa dzechiKristudhomu. Nokuda kwavafundisi vazhinjisa, hero yakava nhau yechinyakare zvikuru nokuda kwedzidzo yakakomba. Makore akati apfuura mumwe wezvenhau wechechi akanga achiita nzvero nokuda kwehurukuro yeyunivhesiti pamusoro pehero, uye iye akanzvera ratidziro dzamagazini edzidzo anoverengeka. Iye haana kugona kuwana shoko rimwe guru. Mukuwirirana namagazini yeNewsweek, wezvenhau wacho akagumisa, kuti: “Hero yakanyangarika. Uye hapana munhu akacherechedza.”
Kudzoka Kwehero
Yakanyangarika here? Kwete chaizvoizvo. Nenzira inoshamisa, mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya dzidziso yehero yakaoneka zvakare mudzimwe nzvimbo. Nzvero dzakaitwa muAmerica dzinoratidza kuti chiverengero chakati chavanhu vanotaura kuti vanotenda muhero chakawedzera kuvambira pa 53 muzana muna 1981 kusvikira ku 60 muzana muna 1990. Wedzera kuna ikoku kuwanda munyika yose kwamasangano eevhangeri anoparidzira hero, uye kunova pachena kuti kudzoka kwakakomba kwehero mukufunga kwechiKristudhomu chinhu chenyika yose zvamazvirokwazvo.
Asi iyi tsidziro inotapura bedzi vanhu vari pazvigaro zvechechi, kana kuti yakasvika pazvikuvawo here? Idi nderokuti hero yomwoto seyakaparidzirwa naJonathan Edwards makore 250 apfuura haina kutongonyangarika muzvakati kuti zvezvikuva zvine mwero zvechiKristudhomu. Muna 1991, U.S.News & World Report yakati: “Kunyange pakati pamasangano ane mwero amagamuchidzanwa, pane zviratidzo zvokuti vafundisi vava kuvamba kufunga zvakakomba zvikuru pamusoro pepfungwa yehero kupfuura zvavakaita mumakumi amakore.” Nenzira yakajeka, pashure pamakore eregeredzo, hero yomwoto yadzoka pamepu yorudzidziso yomunyika yose. Iyo, zvisinei, yakachengeta mativi ayo omwoto here?
Mibvunzo Inomutswa
Mufundisi W. F. Wolbrecht akanga asina panikiro: “Hero ihero, uye hapana chido kana kuti mufungo wohunhu uchamboderedza kutuka kusingaperi.” Vaendi kuchechi vazhinji havana chokwadi. Kunyange zvazvo vasingapanikiri kuvapo kwehero, ivo vane mibvunzo pamusoro pomugariro wehero. Mumwe mufundisi anobvuma, kuti: “Nokuda kwanguwo, hero chinhu chaichoicho chisingapanikirwi, inoziviswa zvakajeka muuchapupu hweBhaibheri, asi rudzi rwayo chairwoirwo chinetso.” Hungu, nokuda kwechiverengero chinokura chavafundisi navanhuwo zvavo, mubvunzo nhasi hausati uchasiri, “Ko kune hero here?” asi, “Chii chiri hero?”
Waizopindura sei? Chii chawakaudzwa pamusoro porudzi rwehero? Uye neiko maKristu echokwadi achitambudzwa neiyi dzidziso?
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Pana July 8, 1741, Edwards akaparidzira mharidzo inoti “Vatadzi muMaoko aMwari Akatsamwa.”
[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 2]
Butiro: Doré’s illustration of Tumult and Escape for Dante’s Divine Comedy
[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]
Mufananidzo waDoré wavanaDhiabhorosi naVirgil nokuda kweDivine Comedy naDante